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Forward to the Kolkata Plenum by Sitaram Yechury: Article appearing in the forthcoming issue of People's Democracy

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Forward to the Kolkata Plenum by Sitaram Yechury


┬аArticle appearing in the forthcoming issue of People's Democracy



Sitaram Yechury




THE strengthening of the CPI(M)'s organisational capabilities is of vital
importance in today's conjuncture to create a better India and significantly
improve the livelihood status of our people. This can only be achieved
through the power of people's struggles.┬а The tasks at the forthcoming
CPI(M) Plenum on Organisation is to build our Party organisation in such a
manner that it shall speedily move towards achieving this objective.



The foundations of the organisation of a Communist Party at all points of
time, necessarily, remain the revolutionary principles of Marxism-Leninism.
These include the adherence to principles of democratic centralism;
criticism and self-criticism; collective functioning with individual
responsibility etc. However, the Party organisation is a dynamic organism.
It cannot exist in a vacuum. Hence, the Communist formulation of
'political-organisational' tasks. Therefore, the structure and character of
the Party organisation at any specific point of time, while based on its
revolutionary tenets, has to be in tune with the objectives laid out by the
Party's current political-tactical line.



The CPI(M) has to accomplish this task today in an international correlation
of political forces that has shifted in favour of imperialism since the
disintegration of the former USSR. We had analysed these developments in
detail in our 14th Congress and adopted our understanding as to how such
developments took place and its consequences for the Communist movement,
both at the international level and for us in India.┬а We had then, protected
our rank and file, by and large, and certain sections of our sympathetic
followers from these tumultuous developments.┬а However, we had then noted
that these will surely have an impact on the future potential of people's
attraction towards Marxism-Leninism and socialism.



Two decades later this impact is clearly visible. The disintegration of 20th
century socialism converged with global capitalism's gigantic accumulation
of capital and the emergence of the international finance capital leading
the global neo-liberal offensive. The consequent neo-liberal, ideological
and material offensive, that continues to intensify, negatively influenced
the Indian youth, apart from, bringing about important structural changes.
Imperialist cultural offensive and capitalist consumerism are designed to
depoliticise the youth and large sections of the society.



RIGHTWARD SHIFT

IN INDIAN POLITICS

Domestically, the Indian ruling classes, particularly its leadership, the
big bourgeoisie, embraced neo-liberalisation in a world where the bargaining
potential for advancing the development of capitalism in India, between the
cold war camps of imperialism and socialism simply vanished. Indian ruling
classes have, hence, virtually abandoned India's traditional foreign policy
of non-alignment.┬а With the ruling classes playing second fiddle to
imperialism and neo-liberal policies, the anti-imperialist consciousness of
our people eroded considerably, distancing them from progressive ideologies
and thinking.



This rightward shift of the Indian ruling classes prepared the fertile
ground for the rise of the RSS/BJP with its communal and fascistic agenda
pursuing its objective of converting a secular democratic India into a Hindu
Rashtra. This rise of communal forces and their capture of the central
government has emboldened a wide range of anti-Communist reactionary forces
in the country.



Combating this communal ideology and offensive hence, becomes essential for
the CPI(M) to consolidate its independent strength and move towards a
progressive shift in the correlation of class forces amongst the Indian
people. This is a task that needs to be undertaken at all levels -
political, ideological and organisational. The Party organisation should be
so equipped as to meet the challenges posed by various organisational fronts
of Hindutva right wing forces to achieve the objectives we laid down for
ourselves in our 21st Congress political-tactical line.



STRENGTHENING

PARTY ORGANISATION

Our Party organisation's capabilities must rise to the levels of meeting and
overcoming these challenges and successfully uniting the people in struggles
against this combined offensive of communalism and neo-liberalism.



Strengthening the Party organisation also becomes all the more important
given the concerted attack by the gang up of rightwing reactionary elements
against CPI(M) particularly in our stronghold of West Bengal through the
politics of terror and intimidation.┬а The CPI(M) as a whole, our Party units
all across the country, must focus on the defence of our strong Left
bastions and outposts of the Indian revolutionary forces.



We are meeting in this Plenum to strengthen our Party organisation in the
background of having noted in our Party Congress our persistent weaknesses
in terms of stagnation if not decline in the strength of our Party and mass
organisation membership, its uneven composition and a sharp decline in our
Party's electoral strength.



The CPI(M)'s last Plenum on Organisation was the Salkia plenum held soon
after the 10th Party Congress in December 1978. That was a period when the
Party was in its ascendancy and emerged as the strongest Left communist
force in the country. That was also the period when the socialist camp led
by the former USSR was challenging with equal might global imperialism.



Today, in comparison, we are meeting at this organisation plenum in Kolkata
when the socialist countervailing challenge to imperialism has disintegrated
at the global level. We are meeting at a time when the Indian ruling classes
are mounting a combined onslaught of the communal and the neo-liberalism
offensive. This converges with the stagnation or decline in our Party's
strength and influence both inside and outside the parliament.



FORGING

THE LDF

Along with the efforts for increasing its independent strength, the Party
needs to make efforts to enlarge and strengthen the unity of the Left
parties and forces in the country. The consequent Left unity will be the
fulcrum to forge the unity of the Left and democratic forces.



The successful forging of the Left and Democratic Front will be the
pre-requisite for forging the People's Democratic Front under the leadership
of the working class. This class front will be the force that will
successfully carry out the People's Democratic Revolution in the country.



The successful attainment of these objectives must begin with the forging of
a strong and effective Left and Democratic Front.┬а The LDF was first spelt
out by the CPI(M) in its 10th Congress as the endeavour to bring about a
change in the correlation of class forces, to end a situation in which the
people are forced to choose only between two bourgeois-landlord
parties/combinations, and get imprisoned within the framework of the present
system.



The Left and Democratic Front is not to be understood as only an electoral
front, but as a fighting alliance of the forces for an economic and
political change by isolating the reactionary ruling classes. The forging of
such a Left and Democratic unity, demands an unprecedented growth in the
organisational strength and struggles of all sections of the working people.
This in turn requires an enormous growth of the strength of the Party. This
can materialise when our Party's links with our people deepen ie, by the
Party implementing the mass line - Communists take to people like fish takes
to water.



On the basis of such growth of our independent strength, the 21st Congress
P-TL (political-tactical line) underlined the importance of united front
tactics in the process of forging the LDF. The revolutionary tactics of the
United Front have always emphasised the need to combine the principles of
unity and struggle ie, using conflicts within sections of the ruling class
parties while uniting with some of them to achieve our immediate objectives
and simultaneously strengthen struggles against the anti-people,
anti-working class policies pursued by these very parties. The underlying
aim of united front tactics is always to advance the class struggles by
drawing into our fold the masses who currently may be under the influence of
the bourgeois parties. The intensification of independent class and mass
struggles while utilising the conflicts within the bourgeois parties are two
aspects of the successful implementation of united front tactics.



At the same time, the 21st Congress P-TL also underlined the fact that the
CPI(M) must adopt flexible tactics to meet swift changes in the political
situation. Further, that electoral tactics should be dovetailed to the
primacy of building the Left and Democratic Front. The Party organisation
must be capable of discharging these tasks.



Further, the CPI(M) has, particularly since our 14th Congress, constantly
emphasised the Leninist principle of "concrete analysis of concrete
conditions being the living essence of dialectics." In today's Indian
conditions, it is incumbent upon us to note such concrete changes which have
occurred in these two decades since our 14th Congress. In pursuance of this,
the Central Committee had constituted three study groups to study the impact
of neo-liberal policies and the changes that were brought about in the
working class, in Indian agriculture and the middle classes. On the basis of
the findings of these studies, our slogans, the style of work and the
required organisational steps were discussed in our 21st Congress and the CC
and some decisions were taken. The required new organisational steps that
need to be undertaken on this basis have to be taken at this Plenum.



DEFEAT THE COMMUNAL

CHALLENGE

The current communal offensive has to be met in all its dimensions - the
political, ideological, social, cultural and educational spheres. This
requires an immense growth in our organisational capacities to meet these
challenges. Ideological and political propaganda material in popular style
will have to be prepared and disseminated on a large scale. A wide range of
intellectuals, historians, educationists and cultural personalities should
be mobilised to bolster this ideological fight against the communal forces.
Meeting these tasks and challenges requires of us to strengthen the Party
organisation both ideologically and politically.



CPI(M)'S ALTERNATIVE

VISION

The CPI(M)'s vision envisages that the resources of our country, both in
terms of material wealth and human capital must be used through an
alternative set of policies for building a better India and providing better
livelihood conditions for the people. At the moment the Indian ruling
classes utilise these resources to further enrich themselves, widening the
hiatus between the rich and the poor further and to provide greater
opportunities for international finance capital to maximise its profits. The
materialisation of such a vision however requires that we strengthen our
organisational capabilities enormously.



This monumental task can only be undertaken by the CPI(M), which must emerge
with a renewed vigour streamlining its Party organisation and strengthening
it. This is all the more important in today's concrete conditions when both
these aspects of neo-liberal reforms and rabid communalisation of our
society merge together as the policy direction of the Indian ruling classes,
subserving the interests of imperialism and international finance capital,
under this current BJP-led central government.



In this context, it is necessary to remind ourselves again, of the CPI(M)'s
legacy during the course of the Indian people's struggle for independence
and subsequent movements. The glorious sacrifices of our comrades, the long
list of our heroic martyrs, are part of our legacy of combating all
ideological and organisational deviations in emerging as the strongest
Communist force in India. No social transformation is possible, in fact,
cannot be conceived, without the vast mass of people belonging to all
exploited classes rising in revolt against the exploiting ruling classes. In
the final analysis, it is the people who make history. Revolutionary history
is no exception. A revolutionary party, the CPI(M), is the vanguard of this
people's upsurge. This is our historical responsibility. Let us redouble our
resolve to discharge this responsibility at this Kolkata Plenum.

PM Narendra Modi is now Maunendra Modi, says Yechury

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RSS might not afford the Duo! The choice is in between the FM and PM! It is on RSS to decided which one to save!

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Aaj Tak┬а┬аshared this news on social media this evening!


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Congress leaders to┬аmeet┬аat┬аAzad's┬аresidence shortly ... He also said that during the elections, the┬аBJP's┬а..

RSS might not afford the Duo!It is just lik estreamlining the human resources as it is happening in every sector in accordance to productivity linked seventh pay commission.The institution has no record that it loved individual even like Atal and Advani.


I demand PM Modi's resignation, says Arvind Kejriwal! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6rulq3IKyHg

Published on 22 Dec 2015

Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal spoke in the Delhi Assembly after defamation lawsuits were filed against him and other AAP leaders by Finance Minister Arun Jaitley after the party alleged corruption in the Delhi cricket body which Mr Jaitley headed for 13 years. He attacked Narendra Modi-led BJP government over not extending any cooperation or support for the development of state.


RSS might not afford the Duo!

The choice is in between the FM and PM!

It is on RSS to decided which one to save!


Cricketer-turned-politician┬аKirti Azad, who has been suspended by the BJP after his unprecedented offensive against Finance Minister Arun Jaitley, said today that he wanted answers from Prime Minister Narendra Modi. "I want the PM to tell me┬а..!.Meanwhile,┬аClean Sports (CSI), a movement for corruption-free sports, today offered its support to cricketer-turned-politician┬аKirti Azad┬аwho has been suspended by the BJP for leading a campaign against Finance Minister Arun Jaitley┬а


RSS might not afford DDCA Trap anymore!Arvind Kejriwal called the Prime Minister by name and challenged his integrity and the government expenditure on his trending suit and NRI status.Mind you,Kejriwal has also got the mandate and he has such a thumping majority in Delhi assembly,the single BJP MLA had to do nothing but to opt for walk out.


It is the chief minister of an Indian Chief Minister who was screaming on high pitched musicality to press the resignation of the Prime Minster and the minute is recorded which makes it a history.


The Prime Minister could not contradict as he has no spare time to address the crucial issues as a global leader.He is the real friend of Obama and Putin,Home affairs never happened to be his headache as he is engaged in business friendly governance of free flow of foreign capital and foreign interest.


Nothing might disturb his meditation yoga mode of development and growth PPP model Gujarati.


The Prime Minister skipped the Beef Ban Arabian Spring controversy and spoke abroad to communicate his branded historical and cultural sense and aesthetics with suiting body language.


He never cares about protocol whatsoever and never cares to sustain the sanctity of National Flag or National Anthem as he is such a refined patriotic personality working round the clock for Acche Din and his Fifty Six inch Sina is ballooned with Hindutva and the make this globe Hindu agenda of RSS.


Thus,RSS has to handle this civil war home ground and Kirti Azad has opened the Pandora`s box and we are amazed to see that he is getting support within the party even after suspension!


Scenario is quite entertaining as the court scenes have to follow and we may opt to skip even Dilwale and bajirao Mastani!

DDCA row: Delhi government issues notification for Commission of Inquiry

IBNLive┬а-┬атАОDec 23, 2015тАО

New Delhi: The Delhi government has issued a notification for setting up of a Commission of Inquiry, headed by former Solicitor General Gopal Subramanium, to probe alleged corruption in Delhi and District Cricket Association (DDCA) between 1992 and┬а...

DDCA row: Gopal Subramaniam appointed as head of inquiry commission

Times of India┬а-┬атАОDec 22, 2015тАО

NEW DELHI: Former Solicitor General Gopal Subramaniam on Wednesday was appointed as the head of the commission of enquiry over the alleged irregularities in the Delhi and District Cricket Association (DDCA) issue. First-time mortgage buyer? Contact┬а...

Congress speaks in different voices on┬аDDCA

The Hindu┬а-┬атАО20 hours agoтАО

Much to Mr. Maken's dismay, the next day, on December 17, both the leaders of the Opposition, Ghulam Nabi Azad and Mallikarjun Kharge, chose to sidestep the┬аDDCA row┬аand continue raising its troubles with the Governor of Arunachal Pradesh.

Here you are!┬аThe four BJP elders who pulled up the party leadership last month over the defeat in Bihar assembly elections, have decided to intervene in the Arun Jaitley vs┬аKirti Azad┬аcontroversy which has hit the party. The elders will meet Mr Azad!on the other hand,an indignant┬аKirti Azad, suspended Lok Sabha MP and former cricketer, on Thursday reacted in a press conference to his suspension from the BJP and said that the party and Prime Minister Narendra Modi should come clean about the sudden suspension.


Thus,BJP veterans L K Advani, Murli Manohar Joshi, Shanta Kumar and Yashwant Sinha, who had virtually revolted after Bihar poll debacle, on Thursday met ┬аto discuss the suspension of MPKirti Azad┬аand issues related to party leadership. While the┬аSuspended BJP lawmaker┬аKirti Azad┬аon Thursday sought Prime Minister Narendra Modi's intervention in the DDCA row and asked for "specific reasons" for the disciplinary action against him by the party.


The Hindu reports:Suspended BJP MP Kirti Azad will take help from Subramanian Swamy to draft his response to the party's suspension notice.

"Have received notice, will respond to it. Subramanian Swamy has told me that he will help me in drafting reply to the notice," Mr. Azad told the media in Ahmedabad.

Mr. Azad┬аwas suspended from the party┬аlate on Wednesday evening for "anti-party activities". He had been alleging "corruption" in the Delhi and District Cricket Association (DDCA) when Finance Minister Arun Jaitley was heading it. He continued to speak on the matter despite Prime Minister Narendra Modi and BJP chief Amit Shah backing Mr. Jaitley.

Dr. Swamy confirmed to┬аThe Hindu┬аthat he would assist Mr. Azad.


"I confirm that I will assist Kirti Azad on the draft notice from the party. I know him since he was a boy; I was a good friend of his father," he said. "Further, I will say that he is still a member of the BJP. I have every right to assist him. I don't think the party should lose such an honest person as him."

Mr. Azad continued to be defiant despite saying that he had "great respect" for Prime Minister Narendra Modi. He said he would seek support from the Marg Darshak Mandal of the BJP, which meant a tacit appeal to party elders L.K. Advani and Murli Manohar Joshi тАУ now no longer active in the party's decision-making тАФ to take a stand in his support.

He sought to know the precise charges against him, saying that he would continue to tell the "truth".

"I want to know specifically the charges which are levelled against me. I want to know what are the anti-parties activities that I have done in the last few months. This is a matter of serious corruption and I have fought against it for the last nine months. I have not joined hands with AAP or Congress," he was quoted by┬аANI┬аas saying. "I have great respect for Modiji┬аand full faith in him. I hope the Prime Minister will listen to my plea and do justice. I would also ask the 'Marg Darshak Mandal' to come forward and look into this issue."

"I would want Modiji┬аto look into this and tell me what my fault is, I want specific answers. I want to know if I have been suspended because I raised voice against corruption in DDCA," Mr. Azad said. "If saying the truth is a crime, then I will keep committing this crime," he asserted.


After Huddle, BJP Seniors Decide To Meet Kirti Azad, Raise Issue In Party Forum


NEW DELHI:┬а┬аThe four BJP elders who pulled up the party leadership last month over the defeat in Bihar assembly elections, have decided to intervene in the┬аArun Jaitley vs Kirti Azad controversy┬аwhich has hit the party. The elders will meet Mr Azad, and raise the issue in party forum instead of going public with their views, sources told NDTV.

Mr Azad is likely to meet party veteran Murli Manohar Joshi today at his home, sources said, where veterans LK Advani, Shanta Kumar, Yashwant Sinha met earlier today.

Suspended yesterday after he publicly targeted Union finance minister Arun Jaitley with allegations of corruption in the Delhi's cricket body DDCA he once headed, Mr Azad had demanded that Prime Minister Narendra Modi or the BJP's margdarshak mandal look into his suspension. The Prime Minister is currently on a visit to Russia.
┬а

Mr Advani and Mr Joshi are part of the margdarshak mandal -- a five-member group of mentors -- set up last year during a party revamp by party chief Amit Shah in what was seen as a move to sideline the veterans, removing them from the all-powerful parliamentary board. The mandal has not met even once.

But last month, after a meeting, the┬аelders' group had issued its joint statement┬а┬аattacking Prime Minister Narendra Modi and BJP chief Amit Shah over the party's humiliating defeat in Bihar.

Playing down today's meeting, Mr Kumar later told reporters, "We keep meeting over tea, nothing specific was discussed... It's unfortunate that politics has come down to allegations and counter-allegations."

In its suspension notice yesterday, the┬аBJP has accused Kirti Azad┬аwith colluding with Opposition parties, including the Aam Aadmi Party and the Congress, with the sole purpose of embarrassing the party and its office bearers.

Mr Azad has said he will respond to the party's notice today and another BJP leader Subramanian Swamy would help him frame the reply.

The veteran's meeting cames amid speculation that more rebellious heads could roll, among them Shatrughan Sinha, who has described┬аMr Azad as a "hero."┬аIt was the latest in a long list of transgressions that has included a scathing assessment on Twitter of why the BJP's strategy in Bihar flopped.

Mr Sinha - who also warmly met and┬аcongratulated Nitish Kumar┬аand Lalu Yadav after they defeated the BJP in Bihar -┬а was widely expected to be punished at that time. But the BJP had strategically chosen to play down the revolt of Mr Advani and group and so could also not act against Mr Sinha and several others who criticised the Bihar strategy.

http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/bjp-seniors-in-huddle-in-kirti-azad-vs-arun-jaitley-battle-1258623


DDCA row: Subramanian Swamy raises questions over Kirti Azad's suspension from BJP


Azad has sought intervention of the 'margdarshak mandal', comprising Advani, Joshi, Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Home Minister Rajnath Singh, which was formed by BJP president Amit Shah after he took over the party reins

  • Subramanian SwamySubramanian Swamy

┬аBJP leader Subramanian Swamy┬а on Thursday appeared to question the party's decision to suspend Kirti Azad for attacking Finance Minister Arun Jaitley over the DDCA row, asking whether cricket fell within the purview of party discipline.

"Kirti issues are 1 -- is cricket affair within the purview of party discipline. 2 -- due to SC case on BCCI, is party decision amenable in court," Swamy said on twitter.┬аHis tweet came as BJP veterans L K Advani, Murli Manohar Joshi,┬аShanta Kumar┬аand┬аYashwant Sinha┬аwent into a huddle over developments in the party in the wake of Azad's suspension.


Azad has sought intervention of the 'margdarshak mandal', comprising Advani, Joshi, Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Home Minister Rajnath Singh, which was formed by BJP president Amit Shah after he took over the party reins.┬аThe four leaders, who had virtually revolted against the Modi-Shah team after BJP's drubbing in Bihar Assembly election last month, are learnt to have discussed the situation arising out of Azad's suspension.

Cracking the whip, BJP had on Wednesday suspended its MP, who has been leading a campaign against Jaitley on alleged corruption in DDCA, charging him with indulging in anti-party activities and accusing him of "colluding" with Congress and AAP to bring it into "disrepute".┬а


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тЖз

Sorry to disturb you for nothing!

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I am shocked to know that we stand alone.We have been crying to help the alternative media including Hastakshep,Samkaaleen Teesri dunia and Counter Currents.

No one responded.I was not that shocked.But Hastakshep shattered down for almost a week.No one reacted.Not even those ,whom we do represent.

It is shocking.

For me,I try to circulate and share everything written and posted by anyone if the issue seems to be relevant and we try to publish every bit of it.But it seems to be worthless thankless job done by me all these years as I engaged myself in nonsense.

I share and publish without caring copyright infringement to invite ban and deletion if it looks relevant to public cause irrespective of color,irrespective of my opinion on the issue as we believe in dissent and discussion.

Whom I try to get attention,even those people cares NEVER what issues and points we do raise.


It had been always disappointing for me.

But we continued the worthless job and it is almost four decades for me.

I belong to the Himalayas and there we never stop scaling the hills and rivers.

I am not going to stop because I know I have miles to go.

But I always expected support for alternative media which I find none.

Sorry to disturb you for nothing!

Hastakshep.com рд╕реВрдЪрдирд╛тАж рд╕рд╛рдЗрдЯ рд╕рдВрднрд╡рддрдГ рдХрд▓ рд╢рд╛рдо рддрдХ рдЕрдкрдбреЗрд╝рдЯ рд╣реЛ рдкрд╛рдПрдЧреАред

┬а┬а┬а
Amalendu Upadhyaya
December 24 at 8:35pm
┬а
рд╕реВрдЪрдирд╛тАж рд╕рд╛рдЗрдЯ рд╕рдВрднрд╡рддрдГ рдХрд▓ рд╢рд╛рдо рддрдХ рдЕрдкрдбреЗрд╝рдЯ рд╣реЛ рдкрд╛рдПрдЧреАред
Hastakshep.com
рд╕реВрдЪрдирд╛ тАж "рд╣рд╕реНрддрдХреНрд╖реЗрдк"рдкрд░ рдХреБрдЫ рддрдХрдиреАрдХреА рдорд░рдореНрдордд рдЪрд▓ рд░рд╣реА рд╣реИред рд╕рд╛рдЗрдЯ рд╕рдВрднрд╡рддрдГ рдХрд▓ рд╢рд╛рдо рддрдХ рдЕрдкрдбреЗрд╝рдЯ рд╣реЛ рдкрд╛рдПрдЧреАред тАжрд╣реЛ рд╕рдХрддрд╛...

--┬а

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25 December Manusmruti Burning Day! рдХреНрдпрд╛ рдЖрдВрдмреЗрдбрдХрд░ рдХреА рдЬрдпрдВрддреА рдордирд╛рдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реА рднрд╛рдЬрдкрд╛ рд╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░ рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рджрд╣рди рджрд┐рд╡рд╕ рднреА рдордирд╛рдПрдЧреА?

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25 December Manusmruti Burning Day!┬а


рдХреНрдпрд╛ рдЖрдВрдмреЗрдбрдХрд░ рдХреА рдЬрдпрдВрддреА рдордирд╛рдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реА рднрд╛рдЬрдкрд╛ рд╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░ рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рджрд╣рди рджрд┐рд╡рд╕ рднреА рдордирд╛рдПрдЧреА?

caste, burn the manusmriti - YouTube

тЦ╢┬а0:48
Jul 23, 2009 - Uploaded by YaLifeslikethat
Kolathur mani speech "Manusmriti have to be burnt. Why ... 18┬аDr.Ambedkar burns Manusmriti┬а(Book of┬а...

02. Manu Smriti Vyakhyanmala By Ravi Shankar - YouTube

тЦ╢┬а3:44
Dec 10, 2013 - Uploaded by Ungal Baz
According to Hindu tradition, the Manusmriti records the words of Brahma.[2] ... 18┬аDr.┬аAmbedkar burns┬а...

Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Movie Full Hindi - YouTube

Apr 17, 2014 -┬аDr. Babasaheb Ambedkar (2000) movie by parts. To share the event as per .... 18┬аDr.┬аAmbedkar burns Manusmriti┬а(Book of Inequality) in┬а1927.

Manusmriti Original Version-The mystery of Great Manu ...

тЦ╢┬а8:10
Aug 16, 2011 - Uploaded by hinduism glance
Manusmriti Original not British translation ... 18┬аDr.┬аAmbedkar burns Manusmriti┬а(Book of Inequality) in┬а1927 ...

17 Dr. Ambedkar launches Mahad Satyagraha in 1927 ...

тЦ╢┬а14:28
Mar 28, 2013 - Uploaded by Siddhartha Chabukswar
This is short clip from Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Movie. ... 18┬аDr.Ambedkar burns Manusmriti┬а(Book of┬а...

MANUSMRITI DAHAN

тЦ╢
hotjalsha.com/video/.../MANUSMRITI-DAHAN.html
Dr. Ezhilan Naganathan Speech About Manusmriti And Caste System ... 18┬аDr.┬аAmbedkar burns Manusmriti┬а...

SANDHAN (AGIC): Manusmriti - Adhyaya - 2 - YouTube

тЦ╢┬а50:57
Mar 29, 2013 - Uploaded by SANDHAN AGIC
Rajiv Dixit : How Hindu Holy book Manu Smruti was Edited by Britishers ... 18┬аDr.┬аAmbedkar burns┬а...

19 Dr. Ambedkar meeting with Simon Comission in 1928 ...

тЦ╢┬а4:37
Mar 29, 2013 - Uploaded by Siddhartha Chabukswar
Dr Ambedkar, then a Member of the Legislative Council of Bombay gave ... 18┬аDr.┬аAmbedkar burns┬а...


Will Modi not observe Manusmriti Dahan Divas on 25th Dec.?
In order to truly appreciate Ambedkar's legacy, we need to side with Dalits who burn copies of the discriminatory archaic text.

18 Dr. Ambedkar burns Manusmriti (Book of Inequality) in ...

тЦ╢┬а3:03
Mar 28, 2013 - Uploaded by Siddhartha Chabukswar
This is a short clip from Dr. Babasaheb┬аAmbedkar┬аMovie.Manusmruti┬аDahan (Combustion of┬аManusmruti┬а...

Manusmruti Dahan Din

Dr. K. Jamanadas

Today is Christmas, 25th of December. It is celebrated all over the Christian world as the birth of Jesus Christ. But for the whole world of Dalits, it is an important day as "Manu Smruti Dahan Din", as it was on this day in 1927 that Manusmruti was publicly burned by Dr. Ambedkar, during the "Maha-Sangharsha" of Mahad Satyagraha, and is an important mile stone in Dalit struggle against Brahmanism. Let us all remember this day with pride.

Manuvadis had arranged that Ambedkar does not get a ground for meeting, but a Muslim gentleman, Mr. Fattekhan, gave his private land. They had arranged that no supplies of food, water or anything else could be bought, so everything was brought from outside by our men. The volunteers had to take a vow of five items:

1. I do not believe on Chaturvarna based on birth.

2. I do not believe in caste distinctions.

3. I believe that untouchability is an anathema on Hinduism and I will honestly try my best to completely destroy it.

4. Considering that there is no inequality, I will not follow any restrictions about food and drink among at least all Hindus.

5. I believe that untouchables must have equal rights in temples, water sources, schools and other amenities.

Dr. Ambedkar came from Bombay by boat "Padmavati" via Dasgaon port, instead of Dharamtar, though it is longer distance, because in the event of boycott by bus owners, they could walk down five miles to Mahad.

Some people later tried to say that Dr. Ambedkar decided to burn Manusmruti at the eleventh hour, as he had to withdraw the programme of drinking water from Chavadar Tank under court orders and persuasion by the Collector. That is not true, because right in front of the pendal of the meeting a "vedi" was created beforehand to burn Manusmruti. Six people were labouring for two days to prepare it. A pit six inches deep and one and half foot square was dug in, and filled with sandle wood pieces. On its four corners, poles were erected, bearing banners on three sides. Banners said,┬а
1. "Manusmruti chi dahan bhumi", i.e. Crematorium for Manusmruti.
2. Destroy Untouchability and┬а
3. Bury the Brahmanism.

On 25th December, 1927, at 9 p.m., the book of Manusmruti was kept on this and burned at the hands of Bapusahib Sahastrabuddhe and another five six dalit sadhus.

In the pendal, there as only one photo, and that was of M. Gandhi, so it seems, dalit leaders including Dr. Ambedkar had yet to be disillusioned at Gandhi. At the meeting there was Babasahib's historical speech. The main points of speech:

We have to understand why we are prevented from drinking water from this tank. He explained Chaturvarna, and declared that our struggle is to destroy the fetters of Chaturvarna, this was the starting point of the struggle for equality. He compared that meeting with the meeting of 24th Jan. 1789, when Loui XVI of France had called a meeting of French peoples representatives. This meeting killed king and queen, harassed and massacred the upper classes, remaining were banished, property of the rich was confiscated, and it started a fifteen year long civil war. People have not grasped the importance of this Revolution. This Revolution was the beginning of the prosperity of not only France but whole of Europe and has revolutionized the whole World. He explained French Revolution in detail. He then explained that our aim is not only to remove untouchabilty but to destroy chaturvarna, as the root cause lies there. He explained how Patricians deceived Plebeians in the name of religion. The root of untouchabilty lies in prohibition of inter-caste marriages, that we have to break, he thundered. He appealed to higher varnas to let this "Social Revolution" take place peacefully, discard the sastras, and accept the principle of justice, and he assured them peace from our side. Four resolutions were passed and a Declaration of Equality was pronounced. After this Manusmruti was burned as mentioned above.

There was a strong reaction in Brahmanical press, Babasahib was called "Bheemaasura" by one paper. Dr. Ambedkar justified the burning of Manusmruti in various articles. He ridiculed those people that they have not read the Manusmruti, and declared that we will never accept it. For those who say it is an outdated booklet so why give importance to it, he invited attention to atrocities on dalits and said, these are because Hindus are following this book. And further asked, if it is outdated, how does it matter to you if somebody burns it. For those who enquire, what is achieved by dalits by burning it, he retorted, what M. Gandhi achieved by burning foreign clothes, what was achieved by burning "Dnyana-prakash" which published about marriage of Khan-Malini, what was achieved by those who burned Miss Mayo's book "Mother India" in New York, what was achieved by boycotting Simon Commission formed to frame political reforms? These were the forms of registering the protests, so was ours against Manusmruti.

He further declared, that if unfortunately, this burning of Manusmruti does not result in destruction of "Brahmanya", we will have to either burn the "brahmanya-grast" people (i.e. affected by brahmanism), or renounce Hinduism.

Let all of us pay tribute to this great day.

http://www.ambedkar.org/Babasaheb/Manusmruti_Dahan_Din.htm


┬а┬а┬а
Kavita Tayade
December 25 at 10:10am
┬а
реирел рдбрд┐рд╕реЗрдВрдмрд░ рдЖрдЬ рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддреА рджрд╣рди рджрд┐рди !!┬а
25 December Manusmruti Burning Day┬а

рдЕрд╕рдорд╛рдирддрд╛, рд╢реЛрд╖рдг рдФрд░ рдЧреБрд▓рд╛рдореА рдХреА рдХреНрд░реВрд░ рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛ рдХреЗ рдЦрд┐рд▓рд╛рдл рд╡рд┐рджреНрд░реЛрд╣┬а
Revolt against the Cruel System of Inequality, Exploitation and Slavery┬а

рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддреА рдиреЗ рдЕрдиреБрд╕реВрдЪрд┐рдд рдЬрд╛рддрд┐, рдЕрдиреБрд╕реВрдЪрд┐рдд рдЬрдирдЬрд╛рддрд┐, рдЕрдиреНрдп рдкрд┐рдЫрдбрд╝рд╛ рд╡рд░реНрдЧ, рд╡реА.рдЬреЗ., рдПрди.рдЯреА., рдбреА.рдЯреА., рд╡рд┐рд╢реЗрд╖ рдкрд┐рдЫрдбрд╝рд╛ рд╡рд░реНрдЧ рдХреЗ рдмрд╣реБрдЬрди рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рд╢рд┐рдХреНрд╖рд╛, рд╕рдВрдкрддреНрддрд┐, рд╕реНрд╡рддрдВрддреНрд░ рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕рд╛рдп рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХрд╛, рд╣рдерд┐рдпрд╛рд░ рд▓реЗрдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░, рд╕рддреНрддрд╛, рд╢рд╛рд╕рди рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рдпрд╣ рд╕рднреА рдореМрд▓рд┐рдХ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рд╕реЗ реирежрежреж рд╕рд╛рд▓ рддрдХ рд╡рдВрдЪрд┐рдд рд░рдЦрд╛ рдерд╛,┬а
Manusmruti Deprived SC, ST, OBC, VJ, NT, SPECIAL BC Bahujan People from Rights of Education, Rights of Property, Rights of free Profession, Rights of held weapon, Rights of Power(Rule).┬а

рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд╡рд░рддреНрди рдбреЙ. рдмрд╛рдмрд╛рд╕рд╛рд╣реЗрдм рдЕрдореНрдмреЗрдбрдХрд░ рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХреЗ рд╕рдВрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рди рдХреЗ рдЖрд░реНрдХрд┐рдЯреЗрдХреНрдЯ рдиреЗ┬а
рдЕрдиреБрд╕реВрдЪрд┐рдд рдЬрд╛рддрд┐, рдЕрдиреБрд╕реВрдЪрд┐рдд рдЬрдирдЬрд╛рддрд┐, рдЕрдиреНрдп рдкрд┐рдЫрдбрд╝рд╛ рд╡рд░реНрдЧ, рд╡реА.рдЬреЗ., рдПрди.рдЯреА.┬а
, рдбреА.рдЯреА., рдкрд┐рдЫрдбрд╝рд╛ рд╡рд░реНрдЧ рдХреЛ рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддреА рдХреЗ рдЬрд╛рддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдЖрдзрд╛рд░ рдкрд░ рдЕрд╕рдорд╛рдирддрд╛, рд╢реЛрд╖рдг, рдЧреБрд▓рд╛рдореА рдФрд░ рднреЗрджрднрд╛рд╡ рд╕реЗ рд░рдХреНрд╖рд╛ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рджрд┐. реирел рдбрд┐рд╕реЗрдВрдмрд░ резрепреирен рд░реЛрдЬреА рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд╡рд░рддреНрди рдбреЙ.рдмрд╛рдмрд╛рд╕рд╛рд╣реЗрдм рдЖрдВрдмреЗрдбрдХрд░рд╛рдВрдиреА рддреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреЗ рд╕рд╣рдХрд╛рд░реА 'рд╕рд╣рд╕реНрд░рдмреБрдзреНрджреЗ' рдпрд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рд╣рд╛рддреБрди рд╡рд┐рд╖рдорддрд╛рд╡рд╛рджреА, рдЬрд╛рддреАрд╡рд╛рджреА, рдХрд░реНрдордХрд╛рдВрдбрд╡рд╛рджреА, рд╡рд░реНрдгрд╡рд╛рджреА, рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕реНрдереЗрд▓рд╛ рдзрд░реВрди рдЪрд╛рд▓рдгрд╛рд░реА "рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореНрд░реВрддреА" рдЪреЗ реирел/резреи/резрепреирен рд╕рд╛рд▓реА рдмрд╛рдмрд╛рд╕рд╛рд╣реЗрдмрд╛рдВрдиреА рдорд╣рд╛рдб рдпреЗрдереЗ рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореБрд░реНрддреАрдЪреЗ рджрд╣рди рдХреЗрд▓реЗ рдЖрдгреА рдмрд╣реВрдЬрдирд╛рдВрдирд╛ рдЬрд╛рддреАрд╡рд╛рджреА рд╕рдорд╛рдЬрд░рдЪрдиреЗрддреВрди рдореБрдХреНрдд рдХреЗрд▓реЗ.┬а

рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд╡рд░рддреНрди рдбреЙ. рдмрд╛рдмрд╛рд╕рд╛рд╣реЗрдм рдЕрдореНрдмреЗрдбрдХрд░ рдХреЛ рдЬрдм рд╕рдВрдмрд┐рдзрд╛рди рд▓рд┐рдЦрдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рд╕реБрдЕрд╡рд╕рд░ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдкреНрдд рд╣реБрдЖ рддреЛ рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЛрдиреЗ рднрд╛рд░рддреАрдп рд╕рдВрдмрд┐рдзрд╛рди рдореЗ рдзрд╛рд░рд╛ 13(1) рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рд╛рд╡рдзрд╛рди рд╕реБрдирд┐рд╢реНрдЪрд┐рдд рдХрд░рдХреЗ рдордиреБ рд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рдЬреИрд╕реЗ рдЧреНрд░рдВрдереЛ рдЬреЛ рдЧреИрд░-рдмрд░рд╛рдмрд░реА рдХреА рднрд╛рд╡рдирд╛ рдлреИрд▓рддреЗ рд╣реИ, рдХрд╛ рдорд╣рддреНрд╡ рд╣реА рд╢реВрдиреНрдп рдХрд░ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ред рдмрд╛рдорд╕реЗрдл рд╕рдВрдЧрдарди рдЗрд╕рд▓рд┐рдП рд╣реА рд╣рд░ рд╡рд░реНрд╖ рдЕрдкрдирд╛ рд░рд╛рд╖реНрдЯреНрд░реАрдп рдЕрдзрд┐рд╡реЗрд╢рди рдЗрд╕реА рджреМрд░рд╛рди рдордирд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рд▓реЛрдЧреЛ рдХреЛ рдЬрд╛рдЧрд░реВрдХ рдХрд░рддрд╛ рд╣реИред┬а
Constitution of India, Part-III, Fundamental Rights ( Article 12 to 35 )┬а
рднрд╛рд░рддреАрдп рд╕рдВрдмрд┐рдзрд╛рди рдХреА рдзрд╛рд░рд╛ 13(1) рдХреЗ рдЕрдиреБрд╕рд╛рд░ рдЗрд╕ рд╕рдВрдмрд┐рдзрд╛рди рдХреЗ рдкреНрд░рд╛рд░рдВрдн рд╕реЗ рдареАрдХ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рдХреА рд░рд╛рдЬреНрдпрдХреНрд╖реЗрддреНрд░ рдореЗрдВ рдкреНрд░рдмреГрдд рд╕рднреА рд╡рд┐рдзрд┐рдпрд╛рдБ рдЙрд╕ рдорд╛рддреНрд░рд╛ рддрдХ рд╢реВрдиреНрдп рд╣реЛрдВрдЧреА рдЬрд┐рд╕ рддрдХ рд╡реЗ рдЗрд╕ рднрд╛рдЧ рдХреЗ рдЙрдкрдмрдВрдзреЛ рд╕реЗ рдЕрд╕рдВрдЧрдд рд╣реИ┬а
Article 13(1) All laws in force in the territory of India immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, in so far as they are inconsistent with the provisions of this Part, shall, to the extent of such inconsistency, be voidред рдЕрд░реНрдерд╛рдд рдЗрд╕ рдзрд╛рд░рд╛ рдХреЗ рдЕрдиреБрд╕рд╛рд░ рд╕рдВрдмрд┐рдзрд╛рди рдореЗрдВ рджрд┐рдП рдореВрд▓ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░реЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд╡рд┐рд░реБрджреНрдз рдореЗрдВ рдпрджрд┐ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рднреА рдзрд╛рд░реНрдорд┐рдХ рдпрд╛ рд╕рд╛рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐рдХ рдкреБрд╕реНрддрдХ рдореЗ рдХреБрдЫ рд▓рд┐рдЦрд╛ рднреА рд╣реИ рддреЛ рдЙрд╕рдХрд╛ рд╡рд╣ рднрд╛рдЧ рдЬреЛ рд╕рдВрдмрд┐рдзрд╛рди рдХреЗ рдЙрд▓реНрд▓рд┐рдЦрд┐рдд рдореВрд▓ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░реЛ рдХреЗ рд╡рд┐рд░реБрджреНрдз рдореЗ рд╣реИ, рдХрд╛ рдорд╣рддреНрд╡ рд╢реВрдиреНрдп рд╣реЛрдЧрд╛.┬а

рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХреЗ рд╕рдВрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рди рдиреЗ рд╢рд┐рдХреНрд╖рд╛ рдХрд╛ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░, рд╕рдВрдкрддреНрддрд┐ рдХрд╛ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░,, рд╕реНрд╡рддрдВрддреНрд░ рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕рд╛рдп рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░, , рд╣рдерд┐рдпрд╛рд░ рд▓реЗрдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░, рд╕рддреНрддрд╛, рд╢рд╛рд╕рди рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рдпрд╣ рд╕рднреА рдореМрд▓рд┐рдХ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рдореМрд▓рд┐рдХ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рдЕрдиреБрд╕реВрдЪрд┐рдд рдЬрд╛рддрд┐, рдЕрдиреБрд╕реВрдЪрд┐рдд рдЬрдирдЬрд╛рддрд┐, рдЕрдиреНрдп рдкрд┐рдЫрдбрд╝рд╛ рд╡рд░реНрдЧ, рд╡реА.рдЬреЗ., рдПрди.рдЯреА., рдбреА.рдЯреА., рдкрд┐рдЫрдбрд╝рд╛ рд╡рд░реНрдЧ рдХреЛ рдкреНрд░рджрд╛рди рдХрд┐рдпреЗ (Part III- Fundamental Rights of Constitution of India тАУArticle 12 to 35)┬а

* рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддреА рд░рд╛рдпрдЧрдбрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдкрд╛рдпрдереНрдпрд╛рд╢реАрдЪ рдорд╣рд╛рдб рдпрд╛ рдард┐рдХрд╛рдиреА рдХрд╛ рджрд╣рди рдХреЗрд▓реА? рджреЗрд╢рд╛рдд рдЗрддрд░ рдард┐рдХрд╛рдиреА рд╕реБрдзреНрджрд╛ рдХрд░рддрд╛ рдЖрд▓реА рдЕрд╕рддреА?┬а
рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд╡рд░рддреНрди рдбреЙ. рдмрд╛рдмрд╛рд╕рд╛рд╣реЗрдм рдЖрдВрдмреЗрдбрдХрд░ рддрдерд╛рдЧрдд рдЧреМрддрдо рдмреБрдзреНрджрд╛рдВрдирд╛, рд╕рдВрдд рдХрдмреАрд░рд╛рдВрдирд╛,рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд╡рд╡рдВрджреЗ рдЫрддреНрд░рдкрддреА рд╢рд┐рд╡рд╛рдЬреА рдорд╣рд╛рд░рд╛рдЬрд╛рдВрдирд╛, рдорд╣рд╛рддреНрдорд╛ рдлреБрд▓реЗрдВрдирд╛ рдЧреБрд░реВ рдорд╛рдирд╛рдпрдЪреЗ, рдЫ. рд╢рд┐рд╡рд╛рдЬреА рдорд╣рд╛рд░рд╛рдЬрд╛рдВрдирд╛ рд╢реБрджреНрд░ рдЖрд╣реЗрдд рдЕрд╕рдВ рдореНрд╣рдгреБрди рд░рд╛рдЬреНрдпрдЕрднрд┐рд╖реЗрдХрд╛рд▓рд╛ рдмреНрд░рд╛рдореНрд╣рдгрд╛рдВрдиреА рд╡рд┐рд░реЛрдз рдХреЗрд▓рд╛ рд╣реЛрддрд╛, рд░рд╛рдпрдЧрдбрд╛рд╡рд░ рдЫ. рд╢рд┐рд╡рд░рд╛рдпрд╛рдВрдЪреА рд╕рдорд╛рдзреА рдЖрд╣реЗ рдЖрдгрд┐ рдорд╣рд╛рдб рд╣реЗ рдЧрд╛рд╡ рд░рд╛рдпрдЧрдбрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдкрд╛рдпрдереНрдпрд╛рд╢реА рдореНрд╣рдгрдЬреЗрдЪ рдЫ. рд╢рд┐рд╡рд░рд╛рдпрд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдкрд╛рдпрд╛рд╢реА рдордиреБрд╕реГрддреА рдЬрд╛рд│реВрди рдмреНрд░рд╛рдореНрд╣рдгрд╛рдВрдиреА рдХреЗрд▓реЗрд▓реНрдпрд╛ рдЫ. рд╢рд┐рд╡рд░рд╛рдпрд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдЕрдкрдорд╛рдирд╛рдЪрд╛ рдмрджрд▓рд╛ рдШреЗрддрд▓рд╛.┬а
рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддреА рджрд╣рдирд╛рдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдЕрдЧреЛрджрд░рдЪреНрдпрд╛ рджрд┐рд╡рд╢реА рдХреЛрдиреА рдбреЙ. рдмрд╛рдмрд╛рд╕рд╛рд╣реЗрдмрд╛рдВрдирд╛ рдЖрдгрд┐ рддреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рд╕реЛрдмрдд рдЖрд▓реЗрд▓реНрдпрд╛ рд▓реЛрдХрд╛рдВрдирд╛ рдорд╣рд╛рдб рдпрд╛ рдЧрд╛рд╡рд╛рдд рд░рд╛рд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛ рдЬрд╛рдЧрд╛ рджреЗрдд рдирд╡реНрд╣рддрдВ рддреЗрд╡реНрд╣рд╛ рдореБрд╕реНрд▓рд┐рдо рдмрд╛рдВрдзрд╡рд╛рдиреЗ рдЬрд╛рдЧрд╛ рдЙрдкрд▓рдмреНрдз рдХрд░реВрди рджрд┐рд▓реА рдЖрдгрд┐ рддреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреА рд░рд╛рд╣рд╛рдгреНрдпрд╛рдЪреА рд╕реЛрдп рдХреЗрд▓реА.┬а

рдорд╣рд╛рддреНрдорд╛ рдлреБрд▓реЗ рдореНрд╣рдгрд╛рд▓реЗ рд╣реЛрддреЗ, "рдЬреЗрд╡реНрд╣рд╛ рдмрд╣реБрдЬрди рдмреНрд░рд╛рдореНрд╣рдгрд╛рдВрдиреА рд▓рд┐рд╣рд┐рд▓реЗрд▓рдВ рдереЛрддрдВрдб рдЧреНрд░рдВрде рд╡рд╛рдЪреЗрд▓ рддреЗрд╡реНрд╣рд╛ рддреЗ рдЬрд╛рд│реВрди рд╕реНрд╡рддрдГрдЪрд╛ рд░рд╛рдЬрдЧреНрд░рдВрде рд▓рд┐рд╣рд┐рддреАрд▓." рддреНрдпрд╛рдиреБрд╕рд╛рд░ рдбреЙ.рдмрд╛рдмрд╛рд╕рд╛рд╣реЗрдм рдЖрдВрдмреЗрдбрдХрд░рд╛рдВрдиреА рдмреНрд░рд╛рдореНрд╣рдгрд╛рдВрдЪреА рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддреА рдЬрд╛рд│рд▓реА рдЖрдгрд┐ рднрд╛рд░рддреАрдп рд╕рдВрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рди рд▓рд┐рд╣рд▓рдВ.┬а

рдЕрдЧрд░ рд╕реБрдкреНрд░реАрдо рдХреЛрд░реНрдЯ рдХрд╣ рд░рд╣реА рд╣реИ,┬а
рдИрд╡реАрдПрдо (E.V.M.) рдХреЛ рдкреЗрдкрд░ рдЯреНрд░реЗрд▓ рд▓рдЧрд╛рдпреЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рд╕реНрд╡рддрдВрддреНрд░ рдФрд░ рдирд┐рд╖реНрдкрдХреНрд╖ рдЪреБрдирд╛рд╡ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реЛ рд╕рдХрддрд╛,┬а
the "paper trail" is an indispensable requirement of free and fair elections then.┬а
рддреЛ рдлрд┐рд░┬а

рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ : рдХреНрдпреЛрдВ рдЪреБрдирд╛рд╡ рдЖрдпреЛрдЧ рдкреЗрдкрд░ рдЯреНрд░реЗрд▓ рдХреЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдИрд╡реАрдПрдо рд╕реЗ рдЪреБрдирд╛рд╡ рдХрд╛ рд╕рдВрдЪрд╛рд▓рди рдХрд░ рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИ,┬а

рдЕрдиреБрдорд╛рди рд╣реИ рдХреА┬а

1. рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рд░рд╛рдЬрдиреАрддрд┐рдХ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рд╡реЛрдЯ рдХреЗ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рдХреЛ рдЦрддреНрдо рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП (to finish our rights of vote i.e. Political Rights рд░рд╛рдЬрдХреАрдп рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░)┬а

рд░рд╛рдЬрдиреАрддрд┐рдХ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рд╡реЛрдЯ рдХреЗ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рдХреЛ рдЦрддреНрдо рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдорддрд▓рдм рд▓реЛрдХрддрдВрддреНрд░ рдХреА рд╣рддреНрдпрд╛ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП┬а

рдорддрд▓рдм рднрд╛рд░рддреАрдп рд╕рдВрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рди рдХреЛ рдЦрддреНрдо рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП┬а

рдлрд┐рд░ рд╕реЗ рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддреА рдХреЛ рдЬреАрд╡рд┐рдд рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП┬а

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Manusmriti Dahan Din - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manusmriti_Dahan_Din
Manusmс╣Ыti is probably the most┬аburnt┬аbook in India every year by Dalits andAmbedkarites. Dr.┬аAmbedkar┬аcame from Bombay by boat "Padmavati" via Dasgaon┬а...

Manu Smriti burnt by thousands - Milli Gazette

www.milligazette.com/news/3190-manu-smriti-burnt-by-thousands
Feb 14, 2012 -┬аManu Smriti burnt by thousands ... of Shiv Dharm and Maratha Seva Sangh, to explain why Dr. Baba Saheb┬аAmbedkar┬аhad┬аburnt Manu Smriti.

Round Table India - Students burn Manusmriti on ...

roundtableindia.co.in/index.php?...burn-manusmriti...manusmriti...
Dec 26, 2012 -┬а[Via Anji Vikarabad]. On December 25th, 2012, students in University of Hyderabad, led by the┬аAmbedkar┬аStudents' Association (ASA),┬аburnt┬аa┬а...

Round Table India - Manusmruti Dahan Din

Dec 25, 2011 -┬аDr. K. Jamanadas,┬аManusmruti┬аDahan Din. ... Dahan Din", as it was on this day in 1927 that┬аManusmruti┬аwas publicly┬аburned┬аby Dr.┬аAmbedkar,┬а...

Students burn Manusmriti on Manusmriti... - Babasaheb ...

https://www.facebook.com/BabasahebAmbedkar/posts/137846519703730
Babasaheb┬аAmbedkar. December 26, 2012 ┬╖. Students┬аburn Manusmriti┬аon Manusmriti Dahan Diwas in University of Hyderabad | Upload your Photos of┬а.


What was Dr. B.R. Ambedkar's reasoning behind burning the 'Manusmriti'?

2 Answers
Prashant Singh
Prashant Singh,┬аIndian
4.9k Views
Some quotes of Manusmriti and you also would start hating it if you support equality and justice for all. Read it in free time. its huge but try to get an overview:

1. "Swabhav ev narinam тАж.."тАУ 2/213. It is the nature of women to seduce men in this world; for that reason the wise are never unguarded in the company of females.
2. "Avidvam samlamтАжтАжтАж.."тАУ 2/214. Women, true to their class character, are capable of leading astray men in this world, not only a fool but even a learned and wise man. Both become slaves of desire.
3. "Matra swastra тАжтАжтАж.."тАУ 2/215. Wise people should avoid sitting alone with one's mother, daughter or sister. Since carnal desire is always strong, it can lead to temptation.
4. "NaudwahayтАжтАжтАжтАжтАж.."тАУ 3/8. One should not marry women who has have reddish hair, redundant┬а parts of the body [such as six fingers], one who is often sick, one without hair or having excessive hair and one who has red eyes.
5. "Nraksh vraksh тАжтАжтАж.."тАУ 3/9. One should not marry women whose names are similar to constellations,┬а trees, rivers, those from a low caste, mountains, birds, snakes, slaves or those whose names inspires terror.
6. "Yasto na bhavet тАж.. тАж.."тАУ 3/10. Wise men should not marry women who do not have a brother and whose parents are not socially well known.
7. "UchayanghтАжтАжтАжтАжтАж."тАУ 3/11. Wise men should marry only women who are free from bodily defects, with beautiful names, grace/gait like an elephant, moderate hair on the head and body, soft limbs and small teeth.
8. "Shudr-aiv bharyaтАжтАжтАж"тАУ 3/12.Brahman men can marry Brahman, Kshatriya, Vaish and even Shudra women but Shudra men can marry only Shudra women.
9. "Na Brahman kshatriya.."тАУ 3/14. Although Brahman, Kshatriya and Vaish men have been allowed inter-caste marriages, even in distress they should not marry Shudra women.
10. "Heenjati striyamтАжтАж.."тАУ 3/15. When twice born [dwij=Brahman, Kshatriya and Vaish] men in their folly marry low caste Shudra women, they are responsible for the degradation of their whole family. Accordingly, their children adopt all the demerits of the Shudra caste.
11. "Shudram shaynamтАжтАж"тАУ 3/17. A Brahman who marries a Shudra woman, degrades himself and his whole family┬а ,becomes morally degenerated , loses Brahman status and his children too attain status┬а of shudra.
12. "Daiv pitryaтАжтАжтАжтАжтАжтАж"тАУ 3/18. The offerings made by such a person at the time of established rituals are neither accepted by God nor by the departed soul; guests also refuse to have meals with him and he is bound to go to hell after death.
13. "Chandalash тАжтАжтАжтАжтАж"тАУ 3/240. Food offered and served to Brahman after Shradh ritual should not be seen by a chandal, a pig, a cock,a dog, and a menstruating women.
14. "Na ashniyatтАжтАжтАжтАжтАж."тАУ 4/43. A Brahman, true defender of his class, should not have his meals in the company of his wife┬а and even avoid looking at her. Furthermore, he should not look towards her when she is having her meals or when she sneezes/yawns.
15. "Na ajyantiтАжтАжтАжтАжтАжтАж."тАУ 4/44. A Brahman in order to preserve his energy and intellect, must not look at women who applies collyrium to her eyes, one who is massaging her nude body or one who is delivering a child.
16. "MrshyantiтАжтАжтАжтАжтАж."тАУ 4/217. One should not accept meals from a woman who has extra marital relations; nor from a family exclusively dominated/managed by women or a family whose 10 days of impurity because of death have not passed.
17. "Balya vaтАжтАжтАжтАжтАжтАжтАж."тАУ 5/150. A female child, young woman or old woman is not supposed to work independently even at her place of residence.
18. "Balye pitorvashayтАжтАж."тАУ 5/151. Girls are supposed to be in the custody of their father when they are children, women must be under the custody of their husband when married and under the custody of her son as widows. In no circumstances is she allowed to assert herself independently.
19. "Asheela┬а kamvrtoтАжтАжтАж"тАУ 5/157. Men may be lacking virtue, be sexual perverts, immoral and devoid of any good qualities, and yet women must constantly worship and serve their husbands.
20. "Na ast strinamтАжтАжтАж.."тАУ 5/158. Women have no divine right to perform any religious ritual, nor make vows or observe a fast. Her only duty is to obey and please her husband and she will for that reason alone be exalted in heaven.
21. "Kamam toтАжтАжтАжтАжтАжтАж"тАУ 5/160. At her pleasure [after the death of her husband], let her emaciate her body by living only on pure flowers, roots of vegetables and fruits. She must not even mention the name of any other men after her husband has died.
22. "VyabhacharayтАжтАжтАжтАж"тАУ 5/167. Any women violating duty and code of conduct towards her husband, is disgraced and becomes a patient of leprosy. After death, she enters womb of Jackal.
23. "Kanyam bhajantiтАжтАж.."тАУ 8/364. In case women enjoy sex with a man from a higher caste, the act is not punishable. But on the contrary, if women enjoy sex with lower caste men, she is to be punished and kept in isolation.
24. "Utmam sevmanstoтАжтАж."тАУ 8/365. In case a man from a lower caste enjoys sex with a woman from a higher caste, the person in question is to be awarded the death sentence. And if a person satisfies his carnal desire with women of his own caste, he should be asked to pay compensation to the women's faith.
25. "Ya to kanyaтАжтАжтАжтАжтАж."тАУ 8/369. In case a woman tears the membrane [hymen] of her Vagina, she shall instantly have her head shaved or two fingers cut off and made to ride on Donkey.
26. "BhartaramтАжтАжтАжтАжтАж."тАУ 8/370. In case a women, proud of the greatness of her excellence or her relatives, violates her duty towards her husband, the King shall arrange to have her thrown before dogs at a public place.
27. "Pita rakhshatiтАжтАжтАж."тАУ 9/3. Since women are not capable of living independently, she is to be kept under the custody of her father as child, under her husband as a woman and under her son as widow.
28. "Imam hi sarwтАжтАжтАж.."тАУ 9/6. It is the duty of all husbands to exert total control over their wives. Even physically weak husbands must strive to control their wives.
29. "Pati bharyam тАжтАжтАж."тАУ 9/8. The husband, after the conception of his wife, becomes the embryo and is born again of her. This explains why women are called Jaya.
30. "Panam durjanтАжтАжтАж"тАУ 9/13. Consuming liquor, association with wicked persons, separation from her husband, rambling around, sleeping for unreasonable hours and dwelling -are six demerits of women.
31. "Naita rupamтАжтАжтАжтАжтАж"тАУ 9/14. Such women are not loyal and have extra marital relations with men without consideration for their age.
32. "PoonshchalyaтАжтАжтАжтАж"тАУ 9/15. Because of their passion for men, immutable temper and natural heartlessness, they are not loyal to their husbands.
33. "Na asti strinamтАжтАжтАж"тАУ 9/18. While performing namkarm and jatkarm, Vedic mantras are not to be recited by women, because women are lacking in strength and knowledge of Vedic texts. Women are impure and represent falsehood.
34. "DevraтАжsapindaтАжтАжтАж"тАУ 9/58. On failure to produce offspring with her husband, she may obtain offspring by cohabitation with her brother-in-law [devar] or with some other relative [sapinda] on her in-law's side.
35. "VidwayamтАжтАжтАжтАжтАж."тАУ 9/60. He who is appointed to cohabit with a widow shall approach her at night, be anointed┬а with clarified butter and silently beget one son, but by no means a second one.
36. "Yatha vidyтАжтАжтАжтАжтАж.."тАУ 9/70. In accordance with established law, the sister-in-law [bhabhi] must be clad in white garments; with pure intent her brother-in-law [devar] will cohabitate with her until she conceives.
37. "Ati kramayтАжтАжтАжтАжтАж"тАУ 9/77. Any women who disobey orders of her lethargic, alcoholic and diseased husband shall be deserted for three months and be deprived of her ornaments.
38. "VandyashtamayтАжтАж."тАУ 9/80. A barren wife may be superseded in the 8th year; she whose children die may be superseded in the 10th year and she who bears only daughters may be superseded in the 11th year;┬а but she who is quarrelsome may be superseded without delay.
39. "TrinshaтАжтАжтАжтАжтАжтАж."тАУ 9/93. In case of any problem in performing religious rites, males between the age of 24 and 30 should marry a female between the age of 8 and 12.
40. "YambrahmanstoтАжтАж."тАУ 9/177. In case a Brahman man marries Shudra woman, their son will be called 'Parshav' or 'Shudra' because his social existence is like a dead body.
Manusmriti is adulterated ! So the very fact that it contains some ridiculous and henous statements against Women or so called Shudras is itself nonsense ! Even Dr. Ambedkar who burnt the Manusmriti and hated Hinduism and Dharmashatras and various HIndi Puranas and Vedas and scriptures accepted that ancient scriptures have been adulterated. He has alleged adulterations in Ramayan, Mahabharat, Geeta, Purans and even in Vedas. He cited contradictory verses from Manu Smriti. But he tactfully desisted from calling these verses of Manu Smriti as adulterated.
This myopic act of Ambedkar did make him a hero of Dalit movement. It did stir up an anti-Manu movement and created political careers for many a politicians including Ambedkar himself. But this selective honesty only worsened the caste-based hatred and made Manu тАУ a true hero тАУ a popular villain.


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Revisit Partition on Manusmruti Burning Day! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LtM_HGGTCO4&feature=youtu.be We minorities including Bengali refugees countrywide suffer because of the partition for Hindu Nation protested by Bahujan and Muslims! Palash Biswas

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Revisit Partition on Manusmruti Burning Day!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LtM_HGGTCO4&feature=youtu.be



We minorities including Bengali refugees countrywide suffer because of the partition for Hindu Nation protested by Bahujan and Muslims!

Palash Biswas


Subodh Biswas's photo.

Subodh Biswas


ржЕржирждрж┐ ржмрж┐рж▓ржорзНржмрзЗ рж▓ржХрзНрж╖ рж▓ржХрзНрж╖ ржЙржжрзНржмрж╛рж╕рзНрждрзБрж░рж╛ ржлрж┐рж░рзЗ ржкрж╛ржмрзЗ ржорж╛рждрзГ ржнрж╛рж╖рж╛рж░ ржЕржзрж┐ржХрж╛рж░ред ржкрж╛ржмрзЗ ржнрзВржорзАрж░ ржЕржзрж┐ржХрж╛рж░ ред ржкрж╛ржмрзЗ ржЬрж╛рждрж┐ржкрзНрж░ржорж╛ржиржкржПрзЗрж░ ржЕржзрж┐ржХрж╛рж░ редрж░рж╛рзЯржкрзБрж░рзЗрж░ ржорж╛ржЯрж┐рждрзЗ ржЙржжрзНржмрж╛рж╕рзНрждрзБрж░рж╛ ржирждрзБржи ржЗрждрж┐рж╣рж╛рж╕ ржЧржбрж▓рзЗржи ред ржЖржЬржХрзЗ ржЖржирзНржжрзЗрж░ ржжрж┐ржи, ржЧрж░рзНржнрзЗрж░ ржжрж┐ржи ред ржпрж╛рж░рж╛ ржкрзНрж░рждржХрзНрж╖ ржм ржкрж░рзЛржХрзНрж╖ржнрж╛ржмрзЗ ржЖржорж╛ржжрзЗрж░ рж╕рж╛рж╣рж╛ржпрзНрзЯ ржХрж░рзЗржЫрзЗржи рждрж╛ржжрзЗрж░ рж╕ржмрж╛ржЗржХрзЗ ржзржирзНрзЯржмрж╛ржж ржЬрж╛ржирж╛ржЗ ред ржбрж╛ рж╕рзБржмрзЛржз ржмрж┐рж╢рзНржмрж╛рж╕ред

This book is a different narrative of the story told and digested.That muslims are responsible of partition.This is the mythical base of nationalism fascist as well as history in India.I have been contradicting.But it was never enough.Shamsul proves my point beyond doubt.


Thanks Shamsul Islam!


I am very very happy that someone like Shamsul Islam wrote this book.Indian history of partition is unilateral and it tends to prove that only Muslims were responsible for partition.Facts tell different story and I have been trying to decode partition story time and again.Though I could not manage to get the cabinet proposal,it is documented that the Hindu Majority in West Bengal struck the Bull`s eye to accomplish the agenda of grand Hindu alliance to divide the country to make it Hindu Nation.On the other hand,Muslim Majority in East Bengal rejected the partition resolution with thumping majority!


I would suggest everyone to get this most important book to know the truth that not Muslims nor Muslim League wanted partition nor Muslims supported the idea of partition initially so much so that even Jinnah was not convinced with the Idea of Pakistan.But Hindutva made the impossible Possible and thus,Gandhi was killed in 1946,not on 30th January!





About the Author

Shamsul Islam taught political science at the University of Delhi. As an author, columnist and dramatist he has been writing against religious bigotry, dehumanization, totalitarianism, persecution of women, Dalits and minorities. He is known globally for fundamental research work on the rise of nationalism and its development in India and the world.


.

Contents:


Introduction

1. Dilemma of Indian Muslims; Patriotic Muslims

2. Partition of India: Two-nation theory in action

3. Two-nation theory: origin and Hindu-Muslim variants

4. 1857 war of independence: Two-nation theories defied

5. Allah Bakhsh leading Muslims against Pakistan

6. Allah Bakhsh confronts British rulers

7. Murder of Allah Bakhsh

8. Muslim Patriotic individuals and organisations

9. Urdu poetry of Patriotic Muslims

10. Why patriotic Muslims failed

Conclusion

25 December Manusmruti Burning Day!



рдХреНрдпрд╛ рдЖрдВрдмреЗрдбрдХрд░ рдХреА рдЬрдпрдВрддреА рдордирд╛рдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реА рднрд╛рдЬрдкрд╛ рд╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░ рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рджрд╣рди рджрд┐рд╡рд╕ рднреА рдордирд╛рдПрдЧреА?


It is Nikhil Bharat bengalee udbastu Samanway samiti! The President of the Refugee organization,Dr.Subodh Biswas is an excellent organizer.Being a medical practitioner in Nagpur he is doing everything possible to organise Bengali refugees since 2003 and I am eyewitness!


I am quite interested in his success as my late father Pulin Babu tried lifelong to unite our people and failed.Subodh has accomplished his incomplete task and I have contributed nothing.


I am older than him and I have no hesitation to confirm that Subodh follows my father`s path with much more dedication than I ever tried.




I have no way to convince my real brother that I always support the refugee movement!Because it is PITRI Dai,the family liability for me all the way.


I have tried to post every available document to tell and explain our existence scattered countrywide being a professional journalist.But as a professional journalist I have to address every issue,every human scream in real time and I have not the infinite time to deal with only refugee problem.I may not afford such exclusive space.

I beg your pardon!


Subodh has to work with the ruling hegemony.He has no choice,I understand very well as we minorities and refugees stand and live as SUB HUMAN Underclass deprived of mother tongue,identity,political social cultural representation,reservation,land right and even citizenship,civic and human rights.


We are not allowed to raise our voice without the permission of the hegemony!We may not survive!Refugees as well as minorities in India!


In my younger days while my father was living,he always supported KC Pant and ND Tiwari and Indira Gandhi and had interactions with all the presidents, prime ministers,chief ministers to voice our cause and I hated it most.Because I belonged to the Seventies generation and I had been always a rebel.


I could not support my father and his cause just because of my ideology!


Subodh and other refugees should understand I might not afford another Himalayan blunder like our dearest comrades yet again.


I support the cause and I support the movement.But I still may not support RSS and the Manusmriti Hegemony which partitioned India and the holocaust is making in time and again!


I may not share the dias with RSS or other icons of the hegemony even today and moreover I have not to seek Votes for any individual or party whatsoever!


PUBLISHERS

Pharos Media & Publishing Pvt Ltd

D-84 Abul Fazl Enclave - I

Jamia Nagar, New Delhi-110 025, India

Tel. +91-11-26947483

Email: books@pharosmedia.com

Website: www.pharosmedia.com


About the Book

"Dr. Shamsul Islam has written the most neglected chapter in the history of the Indian freedom struggle: on Muslims who were opposed to Partition. Based on ground-breaking research, it is an outstanding contribution which should set the record straight in great measure."

Dr. Ishtiaq Ahmed, Professor Emeritus, Stockholm University


"This important study on the Partition of India, based on contemporary original sources, suggests that in 1940-2 there was more support among Muslims for an undivided India than for the Pakistan option. The failure to remember voices, such as that of Allah Bakhsh, who opposed two-nation theory vehemently and paid with his life, has helped the Hindutva camp to divert attention from its own commitment to the two-nation theory."

Dr. Richard Bonney, Professor Emeritus, University of Leicester


"Dr. Shamsul Islam's book is a very timely intervention in the debate about the role of Muslims in India's Partition. Relying on contemporary documents, he quashes the popular myth that India's Partition was due to Muslims. He deserves all the credit for demolishing the two-nation theory and upholding the values of composite Indian nationalism, which majority of Indian Muslims adhered to."

Dr. Ram Puniyani, Chairman,

Center for Study of Society & Secularism, Mumbai


"Muslims against Partition, who paid with their lives for Hindu-Muslim unity, have been written out of history in official Pakistani discourse for obvious reasons. More shockingly, they were written out of Indian history as well. It is this glaring missing chapter that Shamsul Islam's matter-of-fact, meticulously researched and immensely readable book, gloriously fills."


Muslims against Partition. Why historical facts remained buried:

Article by

Shamsul Islam

inIndian Currents1 June 2003

The search for the real culprits behind the Partition of India in 1947 seems to be an endlessexercise. It is despite the fact that there is no dearth of writings on the Freedom Struggle againstthe British rule in India and specially partition of the country on the basis of religion.Historians have rightly held the Muslim League, led by

Mohammed Ali Jinnah

, basicallyresponsible for this unnatural and tragic Partition which became a kind of license for both Hinduand Muslim communal elements to indulge in mass butchery of innocent children, women andmen.However, there has always been a school of historiographers under the influence of Hindutvawhich has been spreading the canard that all Muslims in pre-Partition days supported the MuslimLeague┬╢s call for Pakistan. Hindutva tries to cover up the fact that it subscribed to the two-nationtheory like Muslim League and wanted to have an exclusive ┬┤Hindu Rashtra┬┤ on the lines of ┬┤Islamic State┬┤ of Muslim League.Unfortunately, this kind of discourse has secured more credibility specially among the Hindumiddle class with the recent upsurge of anti-minorityism led by Hindutva fascism. The crucialfact should not be missed here that Hindutva has mainly succeeded in its attempts because factsof significant contributions of those Muslim individuals and organisationswho opposed MuslimLeague with all their resources and might remains buried even today. This criminal silence onthe part of the secular state and organisations has only galvanised Hindu communalists to malignthe Muslims of India.One such example is of

Allah Baksh

who at the grassroots level among Muslims of Indiaorganised an effective and massive opposition to the nefarious designs of Muslim League in pre-Partition days. Allah Baksh was the Premier (those days chief minister was known by thisdesignation) of Sind during the eventful days of ┬╡Quit India┬╢ Movement of 1942 as head of the┬╡Ittehad Party┬╢ (Unity Party) which did not allow Muslim League to have any foothold in theMuslim majority province of Sind. Allah Baksh and his Party were not part of the Indian National Congress but when British Prime Minister

Winston Churchill

made a derogatoryreference to the Indian freedom struggle and the ┬╡Quit India┬╢ Movement in a speech in the BritishParliament, Allah Baksh renounced in protest all titles conferred by the British Government.While announcing this renouncement he stated: ┬┤It is the cumulative result of the feeling that theBritish Government does not want to part with power. Mr. Churchill┬╢s speech shattered allhopes.┬┤ The British administration could not digest this dissent of Allah Baksh and he wasremoved from office by the Governor, Sir

Hugh Dow

, on October 10, 1942. This great sacrificeof a Muslim leader for the freedom of the country remains unknown even today.The fact that

Nathu Ram Godse

, closely associated with Hindu Mahasabha,

Savarkar

and theRSS killed

Gandhiji

on January 30, 1948 is known by all but how many of us know that AllahBaksh a great fighter for the independence of a united India and prolific opponent of the idea of

Pakistan was murdered on May 14, 1943, in Sind by professional killers hired by MuslimLeague. Allah Baksh needed to be liquidated because he was able to muster massive support of common Muslim masses through out India against Pakistan. Moreover, Allah Baksh as a greatsecularist with massive support in Sind and opposed to the formation of Pakistan could prove to be the greatest stumbling block in the physical formation of Pakistan as without Sind, the┬╡Islamic State┬╢ in the west of the country just could not have materialized.It is a well-known fact that dismissal of Allah Baksh Government in 1942 and his murder in1943 paved the way for entry of Muslim League in Sind. One could see the open ganging up of the British rulers and Muslim League in political and physical liquidation of Allah Baksh and hiskind of anti-communal politics.Sind Muslim League leader

M AKhushro

was put on trial as the main conspirator in the killingof Allah Baksh. He was found not guilty, as the state could not produce an ┬╡independent┬╢ witnessto prove his involvement. Significantly, it was the same ground on which Savarkar later securedacquittal in Gandhiji┬╢s murder case.It really needs a serious inquiry that why political trends like led by Allah Baksh among Muslimsgot pushed to oblivion. It suited the British masters and Hindu-Muslim communalists fine. Theysaw India as a land of perpetual conflicts among religions. But the Indian secular state, which hasthe name of Sind in its National Anthem, became totally unmindful to this legacy which stoodfor a secular, united and democratic India. Allah Baksh spent all his life countering communal politics of Muslim League and its two-nation theory. In fact he laid down his life for this cause.It is really shocking that we have Savarkar┬╢s statue in Parliament who was an ideological pal (or counter-pal) of Muslim League but no place for Allah Baksh. It is only a living testimony to thecommunal political structure which secular India is forced to live today.Perhaps the greatest contribution of Allah Baksh against communal and two-nation politics waswhen he joined handswith Muslim leaders like

Mohammed Ibrahim

,

HifzurRehman

and

IshaqueSambhali

inorganizing lower caste Muslim organisations on one platform named as Azad Muslims┬╢Conference (Independent Muslims┬╢ Conference). It held its session in Delhi from April 27-30,1940 with 1400 delegates from almost all parts of India attending it. The then British press whichwas mainly pro-Muslim League had to admit that it was the most representative gathering of Indian Muslims. This highly significant conference was presided over by Allah Baksh and passed the resolutions affirming that ┬┤India would have geographical and political boundaries of an indivisible whole land and, as such, was the common whole land of all the citizensirrespective of race or religion.┬┤The conference also resolved that Pakistan scheme was ┬┤impracticable and harmful to thecountry┬╢s interest generally, and of Muslims in particular.┬┤ The conference called upon Muslimsof India ┬┤to own equal responsibilities with other Indians for striving and making sacrifices toachieve the country┬╢s independence.┬┤

Muslims like Allah Baksh who opposed the Muslim League and challenged its communal politics had done thorough home work as will be clear from the contents of presidential addressdelivered by Allah Baksh in 1940 Delhi Conference. He advanced historical facts to counter ┬аpostulations of Muslim League and invited its leadership to respond to the ideological issuesraised.While decrying the concept of a theocratic state itself he said that ┬┤it was based on a falseunderstanding that India is inhabited by two nations, Hindu and Muslim. It is much more to the point to say that all Indian Mussalmans are proud to be Indian Nationals and they are equally proud that their spiritual level and creedal realm is Islam. As Indian nationals-Muslims andHindus and others, inhabit the land and share every inch of the motherland and all its materialand cultural treasures alike according to the measure of their just and fair rights and requirementsas the proud sons of the soil┬лIt is a vicious fallacy for Hindus, Muslims and other inhabitants of India to arrogate to themselves and exclusively proprietary rights over either the whole or any particular part of India. The country as an indivisible whole and as one federated and compositeunit belongs to all the inhabitants of the country alike, and is as much the inalienable andimprescriptible heritage of the Indian Muslims as of other Indians. No segregated or isolatedregions, but the whole of India is the Homeland of all the Indian Muslims and no Hindu or Muslim or any other has the right to deprive them of one inch of this Homeland.┬┤He made it clear that communalism was the creation of high castes among Muslims and Hindus.┬┤These feelings and ambitions among those who hope to constitute the ruling caste amongHindus or Muslims, as successors of the present Imperial Rulers, revive and invent excuses for ┬аpopular consumption from historical or other sources, and by securing the support of groups,manoeuver themselves into a position to play the political chess, which promises a possible prospect of success in their aim of becoming the rulers of the masses either integrally of theentire country or of a delimited region.┬┤He asked Muslim Leagures, ┬┤Had the imperialistic structure of society been a guarantee of the prosperity of the Muslim masses and had empires not carried the germs of their own decay inthem, then the mighty Omaiyad, Abbasid, Sarasenic, Fatimide, Sassanic, Moghal and Turkishempires would never have crumbled, leaving 1/5th of the human race, who live by Islamic faithin the condition in which they find themselves today-disinterested, and destitute in the bulk.Similarly those Hindus who entertain similar dreams, and who out of tendentiously written pagesof history or out of the stimulating examples of the modern imperialists select ingredients for thenourishment of their imperial dreams, or dreams of exploitation, imposition and domination will be well advised to discard such ideals.┬┤He was right in complaining (which also throws light on how Muslim League got prominence)that, ┬┤Indian Mussalmans have a legitimate cause of complaint against the Congress on theground that it has not found it possible so far to confer with them for a settlement of thecommunal issue.┬┤Allah Baksh in his address defended greatly the composite Indian culture, ┬┤When they talk of Muslim culture they forget the composite culture which the impact of Hindus and Muslims has been shaping for the last 1000 years or more and in which is born a type of culture and



Pakistan was murdered on May 14, 1943, in Sind by professional killers hired by MuslimLeague. Allah Baksh needed to be liquidated because he was able to muster massive support of common Muslim masses through out India against Pakistan. Moreover, Allah Baksh as a greatsecularist with massive support in Sind and opposed to the formation of Pakistan could prove to be the greatest stumbling block in the physical formation of Pakistan as without Sind, the┬╡Islamic State┬╢ in the west of the country just could not have materialized.It is a well-known fact that dismissal of Allah Baksh Government in 1942 and his murder in1943 paved the way for entry of Muslim League in Sind. One could see the open ganging up of the British rulers and Muslim League in political and physical liquidation of Allah Baksh and hiskind of anti-communal politics.Sind Muslim League leader

M AKhushro

was put on trial as the main conspirator in the killingof Allah Baksh. He was found not guilty, as the state could not produce an ┬╡independent┬╢ witnessto prove his involvement. Significantly, it was the same ground on which Savarkar later securedacquittal in Gandhiji┬╢s murder case.It really needs a serious inquiry that why political trends like led by Allah Baksh among Muslimsgot pushed to oblivion. It suited the British masters and Hindu-Muslim communalists fine. Theysaw India as a land of perpetual conflicts among religions. But the Indian secular state, which hasthe name of Sind in its National Anthem, became totally unmindful to this legacy which stoodfor a secular, united and democratic India. Allah Baksh spent all his life countering communal politics of Muslim League and its two-nation theory. In fact he laid down his life for this cause.It is really shocking that we have Savarkar┬╢s statue in Parliament who was an ideological pal (or counter-pal) of Muslim League but no place for Allah Baksh. It is only a living testimony to thecommunal political structure which secular India is forced to live today.Perhaps the greatest contribution of Allah Baksh against communal and two-nation politics waswhen he joined handswith Muslim leaders like

Mohammed Ibrahim

,

HifzurRehman

and

IshaqueSambhali

inorganizing lower caste Muslim organisations on one platform named as Azad Muslims┬╢Conference (Independent Muslims┬╢ Conference). It held its session in Delhi from April 27-30,1940 with 1400 delegates from almost all parts of India attending it. The then British press whichwas mainly pro-Muslim League had to admit that it was the most representative gathering of Indian Muslims. This highly significant conference was presided over by Allah Baksh and passed the resolutions affirming that ┬┤India would have geographical and political boundaries of an indivisible whole land and, as such, was the common whole land of all the citizensirrespective of race or religion.┬┤The conference also resolved that Pakistan scheme was ┬┤impracticable and harmful to thecountry┬╢s interest generally, and of Muslims in particular.┬┤ The conference called upon Muslimsof India ┬┤to own equal responsibilities with other Indians for striving and making sacrifices toachieve the country┬╢s independence.┬┤

Muslims like Allah Baksh who opposed the Muslim League and challenged its communal politics had done thorough home work as will be clear from the contents of presidential addressdelivered by Allah Baksh in 1940 Delhi Conference. He advanced historical facts to counter ┬аpostulations of Muslim League and invited its leadership to respond to the ideological issuesraised.While decrying the concept of a theocratic state itself he said that ┬┤it was based on a falseunderstanding that India is inhabited by two nations, Hindu and Muslim. It is much more to the point to say that all Indian Mussalmans are proud to be Indian Nationals and they are equally proud that their spiritual level and creedal realm is Islam. As Indian nationals-Muslims andHindus and others, inhabit the land and share every inch of the motherland and all its materialand cultural treasures alike according to the measure of their just and fair rights and requirementsas the proud sons of the soil┬лIt is a vicious fallacy for Hindus, Muslims and other inhabitants of India to arrogate to themselves and exclusively proprietary rights over either the whole or any particular part of India. The country as an indivisible whole and as one federated and compositeunit belongs to all the inhabitants of the country alike, and is as much the inalienable andimprescriptible heritage of the Indian Muslims as of other Indians. No segregated or isolatedregions, but the whole of India is the Homeland of all the Indian Muslims and no Hindu or Muslim or any other has the right to deprive them of one inch of this Homeland.┬┤He made it clear that communalism was the creation of high castes among Muslims and Hindus.┬┤These feelings and ambitions among those who hope to constitute the ruling caste amongHindus or Muslims, as successors of the present Imperial Rulers, revive and invent excuses for ┬аpopular consumption from historical or other sources, and by securing the support of groups,manoeuver themselves into a position to play the political chess, which promises a possible prospect of success in their aim of becoming the rulers of the masses either integrally of theentire country or of a delimited region.┬┤He asked Muslim Leagures, ┬┤Had the imperialistic structure of society been a guarantee of the prosperity of the Muslim masses and had empires not carried the germs of their own decay inthem, then the mighty Omaiyad, Abbasid, Sarasenic, Fatimide, Sassanic, Moghal and Turkishempires would never have crumbled, leaving 1/5th of the human race, who live by Islamic faithin the condition in which they find themselves today-disinterested, and destitute in the bulk.Similarly those Hindus who entertain similar dreams, and who out of tendentiously written pagesof history or out of the stimulating examples of the modern imperialists select ingredients for thenourishment of their imperial dreams, or dreams of exploitation, imposition and domination will be well advised to discard such ideals.┬┤He was right in complaining (which also throws light on how Muslim League got prominence)that, ┬┤Indian Mussalmans have a legitimate cause of complaint against the Congress on theground that it has not found it possible so far to confer with them for a settlement of thecommunal issue.┬┤Allah Baksh in his address defended greatly the composite Indian culture, ┬┤When they talk of Muslim culture they forget the composite culture which the impact of Hindus and Muslims has been shaping for the last 1000 years or more and in which is born a type of culture and

civilisation in India in the production of which Muslims have been proud and active partners. Itcan not now merely by creating artificial States be withdrawn to segregated areas. To art andliterature, architecture and music, history and philosophy and to the administrative system of India, the Mussalmans have been contributing for a thousand years, their share of coordinated,composite and syncretic culture which occupies a distinctly distinguished place in the types of civilisations which hold a prominent place in the world. It would be a disastrous loss tocivilisation if it was proposed to withdraw all this to two corners of India and leave nothing behind the ruins and debris of this contribution. Such a proposal can only emanate from defeatistmentality. No, gentleman, the whole of India is our motherland and in every possible walk of lifewe are co-sharers with other inhabitants of the country as brothers in the same cause, viz., thefreedom of the country, and no false or defeatist sentiment can possibly persuade us to give upour proud position of being the equal sons of this great country.┬┤Allah Baksh, while calling upon to guard against communalism, declared that the goal of theanti-communal movement must be, ┬┤to build up a vigorous, healthy, progressive and honouredIndia enjoying its well-deserved freedom.┬┤ These prophetic words of Allah Baksh hold key tothe salvation of India even today.



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Sadhana no more!
Palash Biswas

Sadhana directed a film called Geeta Mera Naam in 1973. (YouTube)

Sadhana Songs - YouTube

https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLB683E396EA9AB4DA
Aug 25, 2015 -┬аFinest Super Hit Songs of┬аSadhana. ... Tumhe Mohabbat Hai - Joy Mukherjee -┬аSadhna┬а- Ek Musafir Ek Hasina Songs - Mohd.Rafi. by Filmi┬а...

Best Songs of Sadhana - Bollywood Hindi Hits - YouTube

тЦ╢┬а37:14
Feb 5, 2014 - Uploaded by Ultra Hindi
Best songs of┬аSadhana┬аLag Ja Gale... Super Hit Song from Old Classic Suspense movie Woh Kaun Thi (1964 ...

Super Hit Songs of Bollywood Stars 58 - Sadhana - YouTube

тЦ╢┬а4:53
Nov 24, 2012 - Uploaded by Ultra Hindi
Super Hit Songs of┬аSadhana┬аAaja Aai Bahar ... Song from Rajkumar (1964) Starring: Shammi Kapoor,┬аSadhana┬а...

Sadhana Songs - YouTube

тЦ╢┬а16:45
Feb 4, 2012 - Uploaded by cinemalover60s
Sadhana┬аSongs ... i love┬аsadhana┬аji.....all songs are awesomeeeeeee..i love it.я╗┐. Read more ...┬аSADHANA┬аIS MY ...

    Best Of O. P. Nayyar - Jukebox | Full Songs | Old Bollywood ...

    тЦ╢┬а42:28
    Jan 16, 2013 - Uploaded by Old Hindi Songs
    Listen to the Best Of┬аO.P Nayyar Songs┬аon his Birthday. ... Joy Mukherjee/sadhna/dhumal/rajendranath/kamal ...

    Best of O. P. Nayyar Songs - Jukebox 2 - Evergreen Old ...

    тЦ╢┬а38:17
    May 3, 2014 - Uploaded by Filmi Gaane
    Best of┬аO. P. Nayyar Songs┬а- Jukebox 2 - Evergreen Old Bollywood Hindi ... To see all the latest music ...

    Joy Mukherjee - Sadhna - Ek Musafir Ek Hasina Songs

    тЦ╢┬а3:28
    Jun 11, 2012 - Uploaded by Filmi Gaane
    Movie : Ek Musafir Ek Haseena Music Director: O P Nayar Singers: Mohd. Rafi Director: Raj Khosla Enjoy ...

    Joy Mukherjee - Sadhna - Ek Musafir Ek Hasina Songs

    тЦ╢┬а5:30
    Jun 11, 2012 - Uploaded by Filmi Gaane
    Movie : Ek Musafir Ek Haseena Music Director: O P Nayar Singers: Mohd. Rafi and Asha Bhosle ... My all ...

    O.P. NAYYAR'S EK MUSAFIR EK HASINA: "Bahut Shukriya ...

    тЦ╢┬а13:28
    Mar 29, 2011 - Uploaded by Nagabhushana Rao
    ...┬аSadhna┬аand Joy Mukherjee Lyric: S.H. Bihari Music:┬аO.P. Nayyar┬аFilm: ... Best of┬аO. P. Nayyar Songs┬а...

    Aap Yun Hi Agar - Joy Mukherjee - Sadhna - Ek Musafir Ek ...

    тЦ╢┬а4:24
    Jun 11, 2012 - Uploaded by Filmi Gaane
    Aap Yun Hi Agar - Joy Mukherjee -┬аSadhna┬а- Ek Musafir Ek Hasina┬аSongs┬а- Mod. ... To see all the latest music ...

    Best of O P Nayyar | Popular Old Hindi film Songs - YouTube

    тЦ╢┬а48:04
    Jan 13, 2014 - Uploaded by Saregama GenY
    Omkar Prasad┬аNayyar┬а(16 January 1926 -- 28 January 2007) was an Indian film music director and composer ...

    O.P. NAYYAR'S EK MUSAFIR EK HASINA: "Aapka ...

    тЦ╢┬а12:41
    Mar 30, 2011 - Uploaded by Nagabhushana Rao
    Mohammad Rafi Featuring:┬аSadhna┬аand Joy Mukherjee Lyric: Shansul Huda Bihari Music:┬аO.P. Nayyar┬аFilm ...

    Ek Musafir Ek Hasina (1962)-Joy Mukherjee, Sadhna-Full ...

    тЦ╢┬а2:32:35
    Feb 10, 2013 - Uploaded by ThePr M
    Cast: Joy Mukherjee,┬аSadhna, Rajendranath, Dhumal etc. Direction & story- ... It is one of the most wonderful ...
Veteran actress Sadhana Shivdasani, known for films like "Mera Saaya", "Wo Kaun Thi" died today in Mumbai after a brief illness. She was 74.┬аThe actress who completed 74 years of age this September, was reportedly admitted to the Hinduja hospital.

Film actress Sadhana ruled silver screen as romantic lead during sixties and got the melodious musicality of the Golden era of Indian cinema as lion`s share thanks to OP Nayyar who turned to become her life partner later.Born in a Sindhi family in Karachi, British India,┬аSadhana┬аwas named after her father's favourite actress-dancer┬аSadhana┬аBose. Her father was the brother of actor Hari Shivdasani, father of actress Babita.

I may not mention any significant role played by Sadhna though as a student in Nainital she always remained the part of our day dreams with her special hair cut.From her Audrey Hepburn-styled fringe to her critically acclaimed films, veteran actor┬аSadhana┬аwas of course a trailblazer in many ways.Sadhana┬аreceived her first Filmfare nomination as best actress with her performance in dual roles in the first part of filmmaker Raj Khosla's thriller trilogy Woh Kaun Thi?, co-starring Manoj Kumar.

Sadhna is remembered for the love and romance in Indian Cinema specifically in sixties.Some of her memorable films include "Love in Simla", "Hum Dono", "Ek Musafir Ek Hasina", "Asli-Naqli", "Mere Mehboob" and "Woh Kaun Thi".┬а

Sadhana, who is credited for introducing the fringe hairstyle popularly known as "Sadhana cut"died at a private hospital in Mumbai, sources said.

Her body was taken to her residence in suburban Mumbai where Bollywood personalities, including her former colleague and friend Waheeda Rehman, went to pay their last respects.

Politician Shaina N C, a family friend, confirmed the news and told IANS on December 25: "Sadhana breathed her last at her home this morning."

The late actresses' friends from the industry revealed that the Love in Simla actress was not keeping well for a long time.

To bid a final farewell, visitors like actresses Waheeda Rehman and Helen started arriving at her home in Mumbai.

Born in 1941 in a Sindhi family, she was named after her father's favourite actress Sadhona Bose. Her father and actor Hari Shivdasani were brothers. Hari's daughter is actress Babita Kapoor.

Sadhana was the only child and and her mother home-schooled her until she was eight. In 1955 she played a chorus girl in the song "Mur mur ke na dekh mur mur ke" in Raj Kapoor's "Shree 420". She made her full-fldged film debut in the first ever Sindhi film "Abana".

She was just 14 when she caught the attention of Raj Kapoor, who put her in the chorus during the filming of the song 'Mud mud ke na dekh' in Shree 420 (1955). It's difficult to spot her during the song, but you'll never forget that face once you zero in on it.

When she signed up for the Sindhi film Abaana (1958), she had no clue what the future had in store for her, but destiny catches up with talent in unusual ways.

Sadhana тАУ who was born in Karachi, now the capital of Pakistan's Sindh province тАУ was spotted by producer Sashadhar Mukherjee in a film magazine that had her photograph promoting Abaana. Mukherjee planned a grand entry for Sadhana in Hindi films alongside hero Joy Mukherjee, a pair that would become style icons in later years.



She debuted in the 1959 film "Love in Simla" which became a big hit.

Her hairstyle, a fringe across the forehead, became popular at the time as the "Sadhana cut".

Search Results

    Best Songs of Sadhana - Bollywood Hindi Hits - YouTube

    тЦ╢┬а37:14
    Feb 5, 2014 - Uploaded by Ultra Hindi
    Best songs of┬аSadhana┬аLag Ja Gale... Super Hit Song from Old Classic Suspense┬аmovie┬аWoh Kaun Thi (1964 ...

    Biography of Sadhana - YouTube

    тЦ╢┬а10:54
    Aug 27, 2012 - Uploaded by Page3 Reporter
    Sadhana┬аaspired to be an actress from childhood. Her father helped her enter┬аfilms. In 1955 she┬аplayed┬аa ...

per Hit Songs of Bollywood Stars 58 - Sadhana - YouTube

тЦ╢┬а4:53
Nov 24, 2012 - Uploaded by Ultra Hindi
Super Hit Song from Old Classic Suspense┬аmovie┬аWoh Kaun Thi (1964)┬аStarring: Manoj kumar,┬аSadhana┬а...


Mera Saaya Full Movie starring starring Sadhana, Sunil Dutt ...

тЦ╢┬а2:08:31
Apr 18, 2015 - Uploaded by BIG STAR Bollywood
Watch Mera Saaya full length Hindi┬аmovie┬аin HD┬аstarring Sadhana, Sunil Dutt, K.N. Singh, Prem Chopra on ...

O Sajanaa Barakhaa - Sadhana - Vasant Choudhary ...

тЦ╢┬а3:20
Sep 12, 2013 - Uploaded by Filmi Gaane
Movie┬а: Parakh Music Director: Salil Chowdhary Singers: Lata Mangeshkar ... Enjoy this Hit song from ...

Hum Tumhare Liye - Sadhana, Sanjay Khan, Lata, Mohd ...

тЦ╢┬а4:15
Sep 9, 2011 - Uploaded by Ultra Hindi
Super hit song from Intaquam (1969) Family Drama┬аmovie,starring┬аSanjay Khan,┬аSadhana, Ashok Kumar ...

Mukesh - Manoj Kumar - Sadhana - YouTube

тЦ╢┬а4:18
Jul 12, 2010 - Uploaded by Filmi Gaane
Enjoy this super hit song from the 1967┬аmovie┬аAnita┬аstarring Sadhna, Manoj Kumar, Prem Chopra, I S Johar ...

Manoj Kumar - Sadhana - YouTube

тЦ╢┬а4:09
Jul 12, 2010 - Uploaded by Filmi Gaane
Music Director: Laxmikant Pyarelal Lyrics: Arzoo Lakhnavi Singer: Mukesh Enjoy this super hit song from the ...

Saamne Mere Sanwariya - Sadhana - Manoj Kumar - Anita ...

тЦ╢┬а4:41
Jul 12, 2010 - Uploaded by Filmi Gaane
Movie: Anita Music Director: Laxmikant Pyarelal Lyrics: Raja Mehdi Ali ... Enjoy this super hit song from the ...

Tera Mera Pyar Amar - Dev Anand - Sadhana - Asli Naqli ...

тЦ╢┬а3:55
Dec 2, 2011 - Uploaded by Filmi Gaane
Movie: Asli Naqli Music Director: Shankar Jaikishan Lyrics: ... from the 1962┬аmovie┬аAsli Naqli ...

Anita 1967 - YouTube

тЦ╢┬а2:22:49
Dec 16, 2013 - Uploaded by Dhruv Kaushik
Anita is a 1967 Indian suspense┬аfilm, directed and written by Raj Khosla, and┬аstarring┬аManoj Kumar and ...

Lag Ja Gale - Sadhana, Lata Mangeshkar, Woh Kaun Thi ...

тЦ╢┬а4:19
May 6, 2010 - Uploaded by Lata Melody Queen
Lata Mangeshkar Romantic song from Old Classic Suspensemovie┬аWoh Kaun Thi (1965),┬аstarring┬аManoj ...

Kaise Karoon Mein Prem Ki Baat - Sadhana - Anita ...

тЦ╢┬а4:57
Jul 12, 2010 - Uploaded by Filmi Gaane
Enjoy this super hit song from the 1967┬аmovie┬аAnita┬аstarring Sadhna, Manoj Kumar, Prem Chopra, I S Johar ...

Manoj Kumar's Love for Sadhana - Woh Kaun Thi Scene ...

тЦ╢┬а2:10
Jan 24, 2010 - Uploaded by Ultra Hindi
Scene from Old Classic Suspense┬аmovie┬аWoh Kaun Thi (1964),starring┬аManoj kumar,┬аSadhana, Prem ...

Geet Tere Saaz Ka, Sadhana, Sanjay Khan, Lata ... - YouTube

тЦ╢┬а5:19
Jan 8, 2014 - Uploaded by Lata Melody Queen
Song from Inteqam (1969) Family Drama┬аmovie starring┬аSanjay Khan,┬аSadhana, Ashok Kumar, Helen ...

Kareeb Aa Yeh Nazar Phir Mile - Sadhana - I.S.Johar - Anita ...

тЦ╢┬а3:47
Jul 12, 2010 - Uploaded by Filmi Gaane
Movie: Anita Music Director: Laxmikant Pyarelal Lyrics: Raja Mehdi Ali ... Enjoy this super hit song from the ...

Mera Saaya Full Hindi Movie || Sadhana || Sunil Dutt ...

тЦ╢┬а2:05:13
Jul 27, 2015 - Uploaded by Classic Movie Box
Mera Saaya Full Hindi┬аMovie┬а||┬аSadhana┬а|| Sunil Dutt || ClassicMovie┬аBox ...┬аStarring Sadhana┬а...

Ye Bansi Kyo Gaaye (HD) - Parakh Songs - Sadhana ...

тЦ╢┬а3:22
Mar 5, 2014 - Uploaded by Filmi Gaane
Movie┬а: Parakh Music Director: Salil Chowdhary Singers: Lata ... Enjoy this Hit song from the 1960 ...

Sadhana - Asli Naqli - YouTube

тЦ╢┬а4:37
Dec 2, 2011 - Uploaded by Filmi Gaane
Movie: Asli Naqli Music Director: Shankar Jaikishan Lyrics: Hasrat ... the 1962 movir Asli Naqli ...

Jo Unki Tamanna - Sanjay Khan, Sadhana, Mohammed ...

тЦ╢┬а3:26
Sep 9, 2011 - Uploaded by Ultra Hindi
Song from Intaquam (1969) Family Drama┬аmovie starring┬аSanjay Khan,┬аSadhana, Ashok Kumar, Helen ...

Mera Saya - Sunil Dutt & Sadhana - YouTube

тЦ╢┬а4:53
Dec 12, 2011 - Uploaded by Rajshri
... Best Classic Romantic Hindi Song - Mera Saya - Sunil Dutt &Sadhana┬а... thriller┬аmovie, 'Mera Saya ...

Aap Kyon Royen - Sadhana, Lata Mangeshkar, Woh Kaun ...

тЦ╢┬а3:36
Jan 23, 2010 - Uploaded by Ultra Hindi
Super Hit Song from Old Classic Suspense┬аmovie┬аWoh Kaun Thi (1964),┬аstarring┬аManoj Kumar,┬аSadhana┬а...

Sadhana, Kishore Kumar, Manmauji - YouTube

тЦ╢┬а4:05
Apr 21, 2011 - Uploaded by Legend Kishore Kumar
Romantic song from┬аmovie┬аManmauji (1962)┬аstarring┬аKishore Kumar,┬аSadhana, Pran, Achla Sachdev, Mukri ...

Aaja Aai Bahar - Sadhana, Lata Mangeshkar, Rajkumar ...

тЦ╢┬а5:09
Jan 25, 2011 - Uploaded by Ultra Hindi
Song from Rajkumar (1964)┬аstarring, Shammi Kapoor,┬аSadhana, Pran, Om Prakash, Rajendranath Director ...

Film- "Raj Kumar" (1964).mov - YouTube

тЦ╢┬а5:40
Dec 18, 2010 - Uploaded by Diprajj Ojha
Film: "Raj Kumar" (1964)┬аStarring: Shammi Kapoor ,┬аSadhana, Prithviraj Kapoor, Pran Director: K Shankar ...

Mere mehboob - Sadhana - Mere mehboob mein kya ...

тЦ╢┬а4:11
Sep 14, 2008 - Uploaded by vidyakarelia
film: Mere mehboob (1963),directed by Harnam Singh Rawail andstarring┬аRajendra Kumar,┬аSadhana, Ashok ...

Dil Daulat Duniya - Rajesh Khanna & Sadhana - YouTube

тЦ╢┬а4:10
Dec 13, 2011 - Uploaded by Rajshri
Rukh Meri Raani - Dil Daulat Duniya - Rajesh Khanna &┬аSadhana. Catch out this duet number from ...

Sadhana gets arrested by police - Intaquam Movie Scene 2 ...

тЦ╢┬а3:09
Dec 9, 2014 - Uploaded by Ultra Hindi
Scene from Hindi┬аMovie┬аInteqam (1969)┬аstarring Sadhana, Sanjay Khan,Ashok Kumar, Helen, Asit Sen ...

GuruDutt and Sadhna in Picnic (Unreleased) - Kitna ...

тЦ╢┬а2:18
Jul 9, 2010 - Uploaded by Pavan Jha
On Screen : Guru Dutt and┬аSadhna┬аSingers: Asha Bhosle and Mohd. ... Rare Song Footage from ...

Dulha Dulhan | Raj Kapoor, Sadhana Shivdasani | Superhit ...

тЦ╢┬а2:29:21
Aug 26, 2015 - Uploaded by Filmistaan
Dulha Dulhan is a 1964 Indian Bollywood┬аfilm┬аproduced and directed by Ravindra Dave. It stars ...┬аStarring┬аRaj ...

Rajendra Kumar & Sadhana's Best Romantic Scene - Mere ...

тЦ╢┬а1:25
Jun 3, 2013 - Uploaded by Rajshri
Enjoy watching the best romantic scene between┬аSadhana┬а& Rajendra ... classic romantic blockbuster┬аmovie┬а...

Dilruba Dil Pe Tu - Shammi Kapoor, Sadhana, Rajkumar ...

тЦ╢┬а5:24
Jan 29, 2011 - Uploaded by Legend Mohammed Rafi
Mohammed Rafi, Asha Bhosle Song from Rajkumar (1964)starring, Shammi Kapoor,┬аSadhana, Pran, Om ...

Kaise Rahun Chup - Sadhana, Lata Mangeshkar, Intaquam ...

тЦ╢┬а3:56
Sep 9, 2011 - Uploaded by Ultra Hindi
Song from Intaquam (1969) Family Drama┬аmovie,┬аstarring┬аSanjay Khan,┬аSadhana, Ashok Kumar, Helen ...

Asli-Naqli | Full Hindi Movie | Popular Hindi Movies | Dev ...

тЦ╢┬а2:13:50
Oct 19, 2015 - Uploaded by 21CenturyProduction
Starring┬а: Dev Anand,┬аSadhana, Nasir Hussain, Sandhya Roy, Leela Chitnis, Anwar Hussain, Hari Shivdasani ...

Geet Tere Saaz Ka - Sadhana, Sanjay Khan, Lata ...

тЦ╢┬а5:28
Sep 8, 2011 - Uploaded by Ultra Hindi
Song from Intaquam (1969) Family Drama┬аmovie,┬аstarring┬аSanjay Khan,┬аSadhana, Ashok Kumar, Helen ...
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25 рджрд┐рд╕рдВрдмрд░ рдХреЛ рд╣реБрдП рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐-рджрд╣рди рдкрд░ рд╡рд┐рд╢реЗрд╖ рд▓реЗрдЦ рднрд╛рд░рддреАрдп-рд╕рдВрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рди рдмрдирд╛рдо рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ -рдПрдЪ.рдПрд▓.рджреБрд╕рд╛рдз

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25 рджрд┐рд╕рдВрдмрд░ рдХреЛ рд╣реБрдП рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐-рджрд╣рди рдкрд░ рд╡рд┐рд╢реЗрд╖ рд▓реЗрдЦ┬а
рднрд╛рд░рддреАрдп-рд╕рдВрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рди рдмрдирд╛рдо рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐┬а
-рдПрдЪ.рдПрд▓.рджреБрд╕рд╛рдз┬а


1927 рдХреЗ рджрд┐рд╕рдВрдмрд░ рдХрд╛ рд╕рд░реНрдж рдореМрд╕рдо.рдХреНрд╖рдорд╛ рдХреЗ рдЕрд╡рддрд╛рд░ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдЗрд╕реНрдЯ рдХреЗ рдЬрдиреНрдорджрд┐рди рдХреЗ рдЙрдкрд▓рдХреНрд╖ рдореЗрдВ рдЖрдирдВрджреЛрддреНрд╕рд╡ рдХреЗ рдЭрд┐рд▓рдорд┐рд▓рд╛рддреЗ рдкрд░рд┐рдзрд╛рдиреЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рд╕рдЬ рдЙрдареА рдереА рдзрд░рддреА.рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд╡ рдзрд░реНрдо рдХреЗ рдЙрддреНрд╕рд╡ рдХрд╛ рдерд╛ рд╡рд╣ рд╡рд┐рд╢реЗрд╖ рджрд┐рди.рдорд╛рдирд╡рддрд╛ рдХреА рдЬрдп рдзреНрд╡рдирд┐ рдХрд╛ рдмрдЬ рд░рд╣рд╛ рдерд╛ рдордВрдЧрд▓ рдШрдВрдЯрд╛,рд▓рд╛рдЦреЛрдВ рдЧрд┐рд░рдЬрд╛рдШрд░реЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ.рдЙрд╕реА рдмреЬреЗ рджрд┐рди рдХреЛ рдЕрдореНрдмрд╛ рдирд╛рдордХ рдЬрд╣рд╛реЫ рд╕реЗ 12.30 рдкрд╣реБрдЪреЗ рдереЗ рдбреЙ.рдЖрдВрдмреЗрдбрдХрд░ рджрд╕рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡, рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдЕрдиреБрдпрд╛рдпрд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде. рджрд╕рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рд╕реЗ рдорд╛рддреНрд░ 5 рдореАрд▓ рджреВрд░реА рдкрд░ рдерд╛ рдорд╣рд╛рдж. 3250 рд╕рддреНрдпрд╛рдЧреНрд░рд╣реА рдкрд╛рдВрдЪ-рдкрд╛рдВрдЪ рдХреА рдХрддрд╛рд░реЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рд░рд╛рд╕реНрддреЗ рд╕реЗ 'рд╣рд░ рд╣рд░ рдорд╣рд╛рджреЗрд╡','рдорд╣рд╛рдж рд╕рддреНрдпрд╛рдЧреНрд░рд╣ рдХреА рдЬрдп','рдмрд╛рдмрд╛рд╕рд╛рд╣реЗрдм рдЖрдВрдмреЗрдбрдХрд░ рдХреА рдЬрдп'рдЬреИрд╕реА рдЧрдЧрдирднреЗрджреА рдШреЛрд╖рдгрд╛рдПрдБ рдХрд░рддреЗ рдФрд░ рд╕рдорд░ рдЧреАрдд рдЧрд╛рддреЗ рд╣реБрдП рдорд╣рд╛рдж рдХреЛ рдирд┐рдХрд▓реЗ.рдЕрдЧреНрд░рднрд╛рдЧ рдореЗрдВ рдЬреБрд▓реВрд╕ рдХреЗ рдЖрдЧреЗ рдкреБрд▓рд┐рд╕ рдереА.рджреЛрдкрд╣рд░ 2.30 рд╡рд╣ рдЬреБрд▓реВрд╕ рдкрд░рд┐рд╖рдж рдХреЗ рд╕реНрдерд╛рди рдкрд░ рдкрд╣реБрдВрдЪрд╛.рдЖрдВрдмреЗрдбрдХрд░ рдЬрд┐рд▓рд╛рдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░реА рд╕реЗ рдорд┐рд▓реЗ.рд╡рд╣рд╛рдВ рд╕реЗ рд╡реЗ рдкрд░рд┐рд╖рдж рдХреЗ рдордВрдбрдк рдХреА рдУрд░ рдЧрдП.рдордВрдбрдк рдХреЗ рд╕реНрддрдВрднреЛрдВ рдкрд░ рд╕реБрд╡рдЪрди,рд╕рдВрддрд╡рдЪрди,рдХрд╣рд╛рд╡рддреЗрдВ рдФрд░ рдЙрджреНрдШреЛрд╖ рд╡рдЪрди рдХреЗ рдлрд▓рдХ рдЭрд▓рдХ рд░рд╣реЗ рдереЗ.рдкреВрд░реЗ рдордВрдбрдк рдореЗрдВ рдПрдХ рд╣реА рдлреЛрдЯреЛ рдерд╛,рд╡рд╣ рдерд╛ рдЧрд╛рдБрдзреА рдХрд╛.┬а
рд╕рд╛рдпрдВрдХрд╛рд▓ 4.30 рдмрдЬреЗ рдкрд░рд┐рд╖рдж рдХрд╛ рдХрд╛рдордХрд╛рдЬ рд╢реБрд░реВ рд╣реБрдЖ .рд╢реБрднрд╕рдВрджреЗрд╢ рдкреЭрд╛ рдЧрдпрд╛.рдмрд╛рдж рдореЗрдВ рддрд╛рд▓рд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдХреА рдЧреЬрдЧреЬрд╛рд╣рдЯ,рдШреЛрд╖рдгрд╛рдУрдВ рдФрд░ рдЬрдпрдШреЛрд╖ рдХреА рдЧрд░реНрдЬрдирд╛рдУрдВ рдХреЗ рдмреАрдЪ рдЖрдВрдмреЗрдбрдХрд░ рдЕрдкрдирд╛ рдЕрдзреНрдпрдХреНрд╖реАрдп рднрд╛рд╖рдг рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдЦреЬреЗ рд╣реБрдП. рдЖрда рджрд╕ рд╣реЫрд╛рд░ рд╢реНрд░реЛрддрд╛рдУрдВ рдореЗрдВ рд╕реЗ рдмрд╣реБрдд рд╕реЗ рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреА рдкреАрда рдирдВрдЧреА рдереА.рдЙрдирдХреЗ рджрд╛реЭреА рдХреЗ рдХреЗрд╢ рдмрдвреЗ рд╣реБрдП рдереЗ.рдЧрд░реАрдм рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рд╣реЛрд╢рд┐рдпрд╛рд░ рджрд┐рдЦрд╛рдИ рджреЗрдиреЗрд╡рд╛рд▓реА рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХрд╛ рд╕рдореВрд╣ рдмреЬреА рдЙрддреНрд╕реБрдХрддрд╛ рдФрд░ рдЕрднрд┐рдорд╛рди рд╕реЗ рдЖрдВрдмреЗрдбрдХрд░ рдХреА рдУрд░ рджреЗрдЦ рд░рд╣рд╛ рдерд╛.рд╕рдмрдХреЗ рдЪреЗрд╣рд░реЗ рдЙрддреНрд╕рд╛рд╣ рдФрд░ рдЖрд╢рд╛ рд╕реЗ рдЦрд┐рд▓ рдЙрдареЗ рдереЗ.рдиреЗрддрд╛ рдХреЗ рд╣рд╛рде рдЙрдарддреЗ рд╣реА рдордВрдбрдк рдореЗрдВ рд╢рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдЫрд╛ рдЧрдпреА.рдЖрдВрдмреЗрдбрдХрд░ рдиреЗ рдЕрдкрдирд╛ рднрд╛рд╖рдг рд╢рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдФрд░ рдЧрдВрднреАрд░рддрд╛ рд╕реЗ рдЖрд░рдВрдн рдХрд┐рдпрд╛.рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЛрдВрдиреЗ рдХрд╣рд╛,'рдорд╣рд╛рдж рдХрд╛ рддрд╛рд▓рд╛рдм рд╕рд╛рд░реНрд╡рдЬрдирд┐рдХ рд╣реИ.рдорд╣рд╛рдж рдХреЗ рд╕реНрдкреГрд╢реНрдп рдЗрддрдиреЗ рд╕рдордЭрджрд╛рд░ рд╣реИрдВ рдХрд┐ рди рд╕рд┐рд░реНрдл рд╡реЗ рдЦреБрдж рдЗрд╕рдХрд╛ рдкрд╛рдиреА рд▓реЗрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдмрд▓реНрдХрд┐ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рднреА рдзрд░реНрдо рдХреЗ рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХреЛ рдЗрд╕ рдЗрд╕рдХрд╛ рдкрд╛рдиреА рднрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЗреЫрд╛реЫрдд рджреЗрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ.рдЗрд╕рдХреЗ рдЕрдиреБрд╕рд╛рд░ рдореБрд╕рд▓рдорд╛рди рдФрд░ рд╡рд┐рдзрд░реНрдореА рд▓реЛрдЧ рдЗрд╕ рддрд╛рд▓рд╛рдм рдХрд╛ рдкрд╛рдиреА рд▓реЗрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ.рдорд╛рдирд╡ рдпреЛрдирд┐ рд╕реЗ рднреА рдирд┐рдореНрди рдорд╛рдиреА рдЧрдИ рдкрд╢реБ-рдкрдХреНрд╖рд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдХреА рдпреЛрдирд┐ рдХреЗ рдЬреАрд╡-рдЬрдВрддреБ рднреА рдЙрд╕ рддрд╛рд▓рд╛рдм рдкрд░ рдкрд╛рдиреА рдкреАрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рддреЛ рд╡реЗ рд╢рд┐рдХрд╛рдпрдд рдирд╣реАрдВ рдХрд░рддреЗ. рдХрд┐рдиреНрддреБ рдорд╣рд╛рдж рдХреЗ рд╕реНрдкреГрд╢реНрдп рд▓реЛрдЧ рдЕрд╕реНрдкреГрд╢реНрдпреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдЪрд╡рджрд╛рд░ рддрд╛рд▓рд╛рдм рдХрд╛ рдкрд╛рдиреА рдирд╣реАрдВ рдкреАрдиреЗ рджреЗрддреЗ,рдЗрд╕рдХрд╛ рдХрд╛рд░рдг рдпрд╣ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдХрд┐ рдЕрд╕реНрдкреГрд╢реНрдпреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд╕реНрдкрд░реНрд╢ рд╕реЗ рд╡рд╣ рдЧрдиреНрджрд╛ рд╣реЛ рдЬрд╛рдпреЗрдЧрд╛ рдпрд╛ рднрд╛рдк рдмрдирдХрд░ рдЙреЬ рдЬрд╛рдпреЗрдЧрд╛;рдмрд▓реНрдХрд┐ рдЗрд╕рд▓рд┐рдП рдЕрд╕реНрдкреГрд╢реНрдпреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдкрд╛рдиреА рдирд╣реАрдВ рдкреАрдиреЗ рджреЗрддреЗ рдХрд┐ рд╢рд╛рд╕реНрддреНрд░ рдиреЗ рдЬреЛ рдЕрд╕рдорд╛рди рдЬрд╛рддрд┐рдпрд╛рдВ рдирд┐рд░реНрдзрд╛рд░рд┐рдд рдХреА рд╣реИ,рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЗрдВ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рддрд╛рд▓рд╛рдм рдХрд╛ рдкрд╛рдиреА рдкреАрдиреЗ рджреЗрдХрд░ рдЙрди рдЬрд╛рддрд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рд╕рдорд╛рди рд╕реНрд╡реАрдХрд╛рд░ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреА рдЙрдирдХреА рдЗрдЪреНрдЫрд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИ.рдРрд╕реА рдХреЛрдИ рдмрд╛рдд рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдЪрд╡рджрд╛рд░ рддрд╛рд▓рд╛рдм рдХрд╛ рдкрд╛рдиреА рдкреАрдиреЗ рд╕реЗ рд╣рдо рдЕрдорд░ рд╣реЛ рдЬрд╛рдпреЗрдВрдЧреЗ.рдЖрдЬ рддрдХ рдЪрд╡рджрд╛рд░ рдХрд╛ рдкрд╛рдиреА рдирд╣реАрдВ рдкрд┐рдпрд╛ рдерд╛,рддреЛ рднреА рддреБрдо рд╣рдо рдорд░реЗ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИрдВ.рдпрд╣ рд╕рд╛рдмрд┐рдд рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рд╣реА рд╣рдореЗрдВ рдЙрд╕ рддрд╛рд▓рд╛рдм рдкрд░ рдЬрд╛рдирд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдЕрдиреНрдп рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреА рднрд╛рдВрддрд┐ рд╣рдо рднреА рдордиреБрд╖реНрдп рд╣реИрдВ.┬а
рд╣рдорд╛рд░реА рдпрд╣ рд╕рднрд╛ рдЕрднреВрддрдкреВрд░реНрд╡ рд╣реИ .рдпрд╣ рд╕рднрд╛ рд╕рдорддрд╛ рдХреА рдиреАрд╡ рдбрд╛рд▓рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдмреБрд▓рд╛рдИ рдЧрдИ рд╣реИ.рдЖрдЬ рдХреА рдЕрдкрдиреА рд╕рднрд╛ рдФрд░ реЮреНрд░рд╛рдВрд╕ рдХреЗ рд╡рд░реНрд╕рд╛рдп рдХреА 5 рдордИ,1759 рдореЗрдВ рдЖрдпреЛрдЬрд┐рдд рдлреНрд░реЗрдВрдЪ рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреА рдХреНрд░рдиреНрддрд┐рдХрд╛рд░реА рд░рд╛рд╖реНрдЯреНрд░реАрдп рд╕рднрд╛ рдореЗрдВ рднрд╛рд░реА рд╕рдорд╛рдирддрд╛ рд╣реИ.рдлреНрд░реЗрдВрдЪ рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреА рд╡рд╣ рд╕рднрд╛ рдлреНрд░реЗрдВрдЪ рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдХрд╛ рд╕рдВрдЧрдарди рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдмреБрд▓рд╛рдИ рдЧрдИ рдереА.рд╣рдорд╛рд░реА рдпрд╣ рд╕рднрд╛ рд╣рд┐рдВрджреВ рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдХрд╛ рд╕рдВрдЧрдарди рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдмреБрд▓рд╛рдИ рдЧрдИ рд╣реИ.рдлреНрд░реЗрдВрдЪ рд░рд╛рд╖реНрдЯреНрд░реАрдп рдорд╣рд╛рд╕рднрд╛ рдиреЗ рдЬреЛ рдЬрд╛рд╣рд┐рд░рдирд╛рдорд╛ рдирд┐рдХрд╛рд▓рд╛,рдЙрд╕рдиреЗ рдХреЗрд╡рд▓ реЮреНрд░рд╛рдВрд╕ рдореЗрдВ рд╣реА рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдХреА ,рдмрд▓реНрдХрд┐ рд╕рд╛рд░реЗ рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд╡ рдореЗрдВ рдХреА.рд░рд╛рдЬрдиреАрддрд┐ рдХрд╛ рдЕрдВрддрд┐рдо рдЙрджреНрджреЗрд╢реНрдп рдпрд╣реА рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдпреЗ рдЬрдиреНрдорд╕рд┐рджреНрдз рдорд╛рдирд╡реАрдп рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рдХрд╛рдпрдо рд░рд╣реЗ рдХрд┐ рд╕рднреА рд▓реЛрдЧ рдЬрдиреНрдорддрдГ рд╕рдорд╛рди рд╕реНрддрд░ рдХреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдФрд░ рдорд░рдиреЗ рддрдХ рд╕рдорд╛рди рд╕реНрддрд░ рдХреЗ рд░рд╣рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ..рд╣рд┐рдВрджреВ рд▓реЛрдЧ рд╣рдореЗрдВ рдЕрд╕реНрдкреГрд╢реНрдп рдорд╛рдирддреЗ рдФрд░ рдиреАрдЪ рд╕рдордЭрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдЗрд╕рд▓рд┐рдП рд╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░ рдЕрдкрдиреА рдиреМрдХрд░реА рдореЗрдВ рд╣рдореЗрдВ рдкреНрд░рд╡реЗрд╢ рдирд╣реАрдВ рджреЗ рд╕рдХрддреА.рд╕рд╛рде рдЕрд╕реНрдкреГрд╢реНрдпрддрд╛ рдХреА рд╡рдЬрд╣ рд╕реЗ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рд╣рд╛рде рдХреА рдмрдиреА рд╣реБрдИ рдЪреАрдЬреЗрдВ рдХреЛрдИ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд▓реЗрдЧрд╛,рдЗрд╕рд▓рд┐рдП рдЦреБрд▓реЗ рдЖрдо рд╣рдо рдзрдВрдзрд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдХрд░ рдкрд╛рддреЗ .рдЗрд╕рд▓рд┐рдП рдпрджрд┐ рд╣рд┐рдВрджреВ рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдХреЛ рд╢рдХреНрддрд┐рд╢рд╛рд▓реА рдмрдирд╛рдирд╛ рд╣реИ рддреЛ рдЪрд╛рддреБрд░реНрд╡рд░реНрдгреНрдп рдФрд░ рдЕрд╕рдорд╛рдирддрд╛ рдХрд╛ рдЙрдЪреНрдЪрд╛рдЯрди рдХрд░ рд╣рд┐рдВрджреВ рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдХреА рд░рдЪрдирд╛ рдПрдХ рд╡рд░реНрдг рдФрд░ рд╕рдорддрд╛ тАУрдЗрди рджреЛ рддрддреНрд╡реЛрдВ рдХреА рдиреАрд╡ рдкрд░ рдХрд░рдиреА рдЪрд╛рд╣рд┐рдП.рдЕрд╕реНрдкреГрд╢реНрдпрддрд╛ рдХреЗ рдирд┐рд╡рд╛рд░рдг рдХрд╛ рдорд╛рд░реНрдЧ рд╣рд┐рдВрджреВ рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдХреЛ рдордЬрдмреВрдд рдХрд░рдиреЗ рд╕реЗ рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИ.рдЗрд╕рд▓рд┐рдП рдореИрдВ рдХрд╣рддрд╛ рд╣реВрдБ рдЕрдм рд╣рдорд╛рд░рд╛ рдХрд╛рд░реНрдп рдЬрд┐рддрдирд╛ рд╕реНрд╡рд╣рд┐рдд рдХрд╛ рд╣реИ,рдЙрддрдирд╛ рд╣реА рд░рд╛рд╖реНрдЯреНрд░ рд╣рд┐рдд рдХрд╛,рдЗрд╕рдореЗрдВ рдХреЛрдИ рд╕рдВрджреЗрд╣ рдирд╣реАрдВ.'┬а
рдмрд╛рдж рдореЗрдВ рдкрд░рд┐рд╖рдж рдореЗрдВ рдЕрд▓рдЧ-рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдХрдИ рдкреНрд░рд╕реНрддрд╛рд╡ рдкрд╛рд╕ рдХрд┐рдпреЗ рдЧрдП рдЬрд┐рдирдореЗрдВ рдПрдХ рдкреНрд░рд╕реНрддрд╛рд╡ 'рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐'рдХреЗ рджрд╣рди рдХрд╛ рдерд╛.рдпрд╣ рдкреНрд░рд╕реНрддрд╛рд╡ рдкрд╛рд╕ рд╣реЛрдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рдж рдХреНрд░рд┐рд╕рдорд╕ рдХреА рд░рд╛рдд рдиреМ рдмрдЬреЗ рд╢реВрджреНрд░рд╛рддрд┐рд╢реБрджреНрд░реЛрдВ рдФрд░ рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХрд╛ рдЕрдкрдорд╛рди рдХрд░рдиреЗрд╡рд╛рд▓реА,рдЙрдирдХреА рдкреНрд░рдЧрддрд┐ рдореЗрдВ рдЕрд╡рд░реЛрдз рдбрд╛рд▓рдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реА,рдЙрдирдХрд╛ рдЖрддреНрдордмрд▓ рдирд╖реНрдЯ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реА рддрдерд╛ рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЗрдВ рд╢рдХреНрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рддрдорд╛рдо рд╕реНрд░реЛрддреЛрдВ- рдЖрд░реНрдерд┐рдХ,рд░рд╛рдЬрдиреИрддрд┐рдХ,рд╢реИрдХреНрд╖рд┐рдХ,рдзрд╛рд░реНрдорд┐рдХ-рд╕рд╛рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐рдХ-рд╕реЗ рд╡рдВрдЪрд┐рдд рд╡ рд╡рд╣рд┐рд╖реНрдХреГрдд рдХрд░рдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реА рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рдХреЛ рдЬрд▓рд╛ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЧрдпрд╛.рдзрд╛рд░реНрдорд┐рдХ рдЧреНрд░рдиреНрде рдкрд░ рд╣реБрдЖ рдпрд╣ рднрдпрдВрдХрд░ рд╣рдорд▓рд╛ рднрд▓реЗ рд╣реА рдЕрднрд┐рдирд╡ рднрд╛рд░рдд рдореЗрдВ рд╣реБрдЖ рдкрд╣рд▓рд╛ рд╣рдорд▓рд╛ рди рд╣реЛ;рдлрд┐рд░ рднреА рдпрд╣ рдХрд╣рдирд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣рд┐рдП рдХрд┐ рд╡рд╣ рдЕрдкреВрд░реНрд╡ рдерд╛.1926 рдореЗрдВ рдорджреНрд░рд╛рд╕ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдиреНрдд рдореЗрдВ рдмреНрд░рд╛рд╣реНрдордгреЗрддрд░ рдкрдХреНрд╖ рдиреЗ рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рдЬрд▓рд╛ рджреА рдереА.рдкрд░рдиреНрддреБ рдЕрд╕реНрдкреГрд╢реНрдп рднреА рдЙрд╕реЗ рдЬрд▓рд╛ рджреЗрдВ,рдпрд╣ рдЙрд╕ рдпреБрдЧ рдХреА рджреГрд╖реНрдЯрд┐ рд╕реЗ рдмреЬрд╛ рд╡реИрд╢рд┐рд╖реНрдЯреНрдп рд╣реА рдХрд╣рдирд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣рд┐рдП.рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рджрд╣рди рд╕реЗ рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХреЗ рддрдерд╛рдХрдерд┐рдд рдкрдВрдбрд┐рдд,рдЖрдЪрд╛рд░реНрдп рдФрд░ рд╢рдВрдХрд░рд╛рдЪрд╛рд░реНрдпреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рд╕рджрдорд╛ рдкрд╣реБрдВрдЪрд╛.рдХреБрдЫ рд▓реЛрдЧ рдбрд░ рдЧрдП рдФрд░ рдХреБрдЫ рдЦрд╛рдореЛрд╢ рд╣реЛ рдЧрдП.рдЗрд╕ рдШрдЯрдирд╛ рдХрд╛ рд╡рд░реНрдгрди рдХрд░рддреЗ рд╣реБрдП 'рдбреЙ.рдмрд╛рдмрд╛ рд╕рд╛рд╣рдм рдЖрдВрдмреЗрдбрдХрд░:рдЬреАрд╡рди рдЪрд░рд┐рддреНрд░'рдХреЗ рд▓реЗрдЦрдХ рдзрдирдВрдЬрдп рдХреАрд░ рдиреЗ рдпрд╣ рднреА рд▓рд┐рдЦрд╛ рд╣реИ -'рдорд╛рд░реНрдЯрд┐рди рд▓реВрдерд░ рдХреЗ рд╕рдордп рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рдж рдЗрддрдирд╛ рдмреЬрд╛ рдореВрд░реНрддрд┐рднрдВрдЬрдХ рд╣рдорд▓рд╛ рдЕрд╣рдВрдХрд╛рд░реА рдкрд░рдореНрдкрд░рд╛рд╡рд╛рджрд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдкрд░ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдиреЗ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдерд╛.рдЗрд╕рд▓рд┐рдП рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХреЗ рдЗрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕ рдореЗрдВ 25 рджрд┐рд╕рдВрдмрд░, 1927 рдХрд╛ рджрд┐рди рдПрдХ рдЕрддреНрдпрдВрдд рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдорд░рдгреАрдп рджрд┐рди рдХрд╣рд╛ рдЬрд╛рдпреЗрдЧрд╛.рдЙрд╕ рджрд┐рди рдЖрдВрдмреЗрдбрдХрд░ рдиреЗ рдкреБрд░рд╛рдиреА рд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рдЬрд▓рд╛рдХрд░ рд╣рд┐рдВрджреБрдУрдВ рдХреА рд╕рд╛рдорд╛рдЬрд┐рдХ рдкреБрдирд░реНрд░рдЪрдирд╛ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЙрдкрдпреБрдХреНрдд рдирдИ рд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рдХреА рдорд╛рдВрдЧ рдХреА.рдЗрд╕ рддрд░рд╣ рдорд╣рд╛рдж рд╣рд┐рдВрджреВ рдорд╛рд░реНрдЯрд┐рди рд▓реВрдерд░ рдХрд╛ рд╡рд┐рдЯреЗрдирдмрд░реНрдЧ рд╕рд┐рджреНрдз рд╣реБрдЖ.'┬а
рдпрд╣ рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХреЗ рдЗрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕ рдХрд╛ рд╡рд┐рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░ рд╕рдВрдпреЛрдЧ рдХрд╣рд╛ рдЬрд╛рдпреЗрдЧрд╛ рдХрд┐ рдЬрд┐рд╕ рд╢рдЦреНрд╕ рдиреЗ 1927 рдХреЗ 25 рджрд┐рд╕рдВрдмрд░ рдХреЛ рд╣рд┐рдиреНрджреБрдУрдВ рдХрд╛ рд╕рджрд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдкреБрд░рд╛рдирд╛ рд╕рдВрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рди,рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рдХреЛ рдЬрд▓рд╛ рдХрд░ рднрд╖реНрдо рдХрд░ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдерд╛, рд╡рд╣реА рд╢рдЦреНрд╕ рд▓рдЧрднрдЧ рдмреАрд╕ рд╡рд░реНрд╖ рдмрд╛рдж рди рд╕рд┐рд░реНрдл рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рдзреАрди рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХрд╛ рдкрд╣рд▓рд╛ рд╡рд┐рдзрд┐-рдордВрддреНрд░реА рдмрдирд╛ рдмрд▓реНрдХрд┐ рдирдП рднрд╛рд░рдд рдиреЗ рдЙрд╕реА рдХреЗ рд╣рд╛рдереЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рдердорд╛ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдерд╛ рдХрд▓рдо,рдХрд╛рд▓рд╛ рдХрд╛рдиреВрди рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рдХрд╛ рд╢реВрдиреНрдп рд╕реНрдерд╛рди рднрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП.рдЗрд╕ рд╡рд┐рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░ рд╕рдВрдпреЛрдЧ рдХрд╛ рд╡рд░реНрдгрди рдХрд░рддреЗ рд╣реБрдП рдзрдирдВрдЬрдп рдХреАрд░ рдиреЗ рдХрд╣рд╛ рд╣реИ-'рдХреНрдпрд╛ рд╕рдВрдпреЛрдЧ рд╣реИ,рджреЗрдЦрд┐рдпреЗ!рдЖрдВрдмреЗрдбрдХрд░ рдХреЛ рд╡рд┐рджреНрдпрд╛рд░реНрдереА-рдЕрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛ рдореЗрдВ рд╕реНрдкреГрд╢реНрдп рд╣рд┐рдиреНрджреБрдУрдВ рдиреЗ рдЧрд╛реЬреА рд╕реЗ рдиреАрдЪреЗ рдзрдХреЗрд▓ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдерд╛.рдкрд╛рдард╢рд╛рд▓рд╛ рдореЗрдВ рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЗрдВ рдХреЛрдиреЗ рдореЗрдВ рдмрд┐рдард╛рдпрд╛ рдерд╛ .рдкреНрд░реЛреЮреЗрд╕рд░ рдмрдирдиреЗ рдкрд░ рдЙрдирдХрд╛ рдЕрдкрдорд╛рди рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдерд╛ .рдирд┐рд╡рд╛рд╕рд╕реНрдерд╛рдиреЛрдВ ,рдЙрдкрд╣рд╛рд░рдЧреГрд╣реЛрдВ,рдХреЗрд╢рдХрд░реНрддрдирд╛рд▓рдпреЛрдВ рдФрд░ рджреЗрд╡рд╛рд▓рдпреЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЗрдВ рднрдЧрд╛ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рддрдерд╛ рддрд┐рд░рд╕реНрдХреГрдд рдорд╣рд╛рд░ рдХреЗ рд░реВрдк рдореЗрдВ рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЗрдВ рдЬрд▓реАрд▓ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдерд╛.рдмреНрд░рд┐рдЯрд┐рд╢реЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдкрд┐рдЯреНрдареВ рдХреЗ рд░реВрдк рдореЗрдВ рдЙрдирдХреА рдорд╛рдирд╣рд╛рдирд┐ рдХреА рдереА.рдорд╣рд╛рддреНрдорд╛ рдЧрд╛рдВрдзреА рдХреЗ рдирд┐рдВрджрдХ рдХреЗ рд░реВрдк рдореЗрдВ рдЙрдирдХрд╛ рдзрд┐рдХреНрдХрд╛рд░ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдерд╛.рд╡рд╣реА рдбреЙ.рдмрд╛рдмрд╛рд╕рд╛рд╣реЗрдм рдЖрдВрдмреЗрдбрдХрд░ рд╕реНрд╡рддрдВрддреНрд░ рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХреЗ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рд╡рд┐рдзрд┐рдордВрддреНрд░реА рдмрдиреЗ рдЗрддрдирд╛ рд╣реА рдирд╣реАрдВ ,рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХреА рдирдпреА рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдирд┐рд░реНрдорд╛рддрд╛,рдЖрдзреБрдирд┐рдХ рдордиреБ рдХреЗ рд░реВрдк рдореЗрдВ рд╡реЗ рдХреАрд░реНрддрд┐рд╢рд┐рдЦрд░ рдкрд░ рдЖрд░реБреЭ рд╣реБрдП.рднрд╛рд░рддрд╛ рдХреА рдЗрдЪреНрдЫрд╛рдУрдВ ,рдЖрдХрд╛рдВрдХреНрд╖рд╛рдУрдВ рдФрд░ рдЙрджреНрджреЗрд╢реНрдпреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рд╕рд╛рдХрд╛рд░ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЗрдВ рд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рдорд╣рд╛рдореБрдирд┐ рдордиреБ рдХреА рдЬрдЧрд╣ рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рд╖реНрдард┐рдд рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЧрдпрд╛.рдпрд╣ рдШрдЯрдирд╛ рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХреЗ рдЗрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕ рдХрд╛ рдорд╣рд╛рди рдЪрдорддреНрдХрд╛рд░ рд╣реИ.рд╕рдЪрдореБрдЪ рдпрд╣ рд╡рд┐рдзрд┐рдШрдЯрдирд╛ рддрд░реНрдХрд╛рддреАрдд рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рднрд╛рд░рдд рдиреЗ рдЕрдиреЗрдХ рдпреБрдЧреЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рдЕрдкрдиреА рдЕрд╕реНрдкреГрд╢реНрдпрддрд╛ рдХреЗ рдкрд╛рдк рдХрд╛ рдХрд▓рдВрдХ рдзреЛрдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЕрдкрдирд╛ рдирдпрд╛ рдордиреБ,рдирдпрд╛ рд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐рдХрд╛рд░ ,рдЕрдиреЗрдХ рд╢рддрдХреЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рдЗрдВрд╕рд╛рдирд┐рдпрдд рд╕реЗ рд╡рдВрдЪрд┐рдд ,рд╕рддреНрд╡рд╣реАрди рдХрд┐рдпреЗ рд╣реБрдП рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рд╕реЗ рдЪреБрдирд╛.рдпрд╣ рдХрд╣рдирд╛ рдкреЬрддрд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдЬрд┐рд╕рдиреЗ рдмреАрд╕ рд╕рд╛рд▓ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рдХреЛ рдЬрд▓рд╛рдпрд╛ рдерд╛,рдЙрд╕реА рд╡рд┐рджреНрд░реЛрд╣реА рдХреЛ рдЕрдкрдиреА рдирдпреА рд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рд░рдЪрдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЖрд╡рд╛рд╣рди рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рдирд╛ ,рд╕реНрдкреГрд╢реНрдп рд╣рд┐рдиреНрджреБрдУрдВ рдХрд╛ рдирд┐рдпрддрд┐ рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рд▓рд┐рдпрд╛ рдЧрдпрд╛ рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рд╢реЛрдз рд╣реА рд╣реИ.рд╢рд╛рдпрдж рдпрд╣ рднреА рд╣реЛрдЧрд╛ рдХрд┐ рдХрд╛рд▓рдХреНрд░рдо рдХрд╛ рдлреЗрд░рд╛ рдкреВрд░рд╛ рд╣реЛрдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓рд╛ рдерд╛.'┬а
рдмрд╣рд░рд╣рд╛рд▓ рдирдП рднрд╛рд░рдд рдиреЗ рдЬрд┐рд╕ рдЖрдзреБрдирд┐рдХ рдордиреБ рдХреЛ рдирдпреА рд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рд░рдЪрдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдЬрд┐рдореНрдорд╛ рд╕реМрдВрдкрд╛ рдерд╛ рдЙрд╕рдХрд╛ рдирд┐рд░реНрд╡рд╣рди рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЛрдВрдиреЗ рдирд╛рдпрдХреЛрдЪрд┐рдд рдЕрдВрджрд╛рдЬ рдореЗрдВ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ .рдорд╣рд╛рдореБрдирд┐ рдордиреБ рдиреЗ рдЕрдкрдиреА рд╕рджрд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдкреБрд░рд╛рдиреА рд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдЬрд░рд┐рдпреЗ рднрд╛рд░рддрд╡рд░реНрд╖ рдХреЛ рдЬрд┐рд╕ рдиреНрдпрд╛рдп,рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рдзрдиреАрддрд╛,рд╕рдорд╛рдирддрд╛ рдФрд░ рднреНрд░рд╛рддреГрддреНрд╡ рд╕реЗ рд╢реВрдиреНрдп рд░рдЦрд╛ рдерд╛,рдЖрдзреБрдирд┐рдХ рдордиреБ рдЖрдВрдмреЗрдбрдХрд░ рдиреЗ рд╕рдВрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рди рдХреЗ рдЬрд░рд┐рдпреЗ рдЙрд╕реЗ рднрд░рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рдпрд╛рд╕ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛.рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЛрдВрдиреЗ рд╕рдВрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рди рдХреЗ рдЕрдиреБрдЪреНрдЫреЗрдж 14,15(4),16(4),17,24,25(2),29(1),38(1),38(2),39,46,164(1),244,257(1),320(4),330,332,334,335,338,340,341,342,350,371рдЗрддреНрдпрд╛рджрд┐ рдХреЗ рдкреНрд░рд╛рд╡рдзрд╛рдиреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдЬрд░рд┐рдпреЗ рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рд╕реГрд╖реНрдЯ рд╡рд┐рд╖рдорддрд╛рдУрдВ рдХреЛ рджреВрд░ рдХрд░ рдПрдХ рд╕рдорддрд╛рдореВрд▓рдХ рдЖрджрд░реНрд╢ рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдирд┐рд░реНрдорд╛рдг рдХрд╛ рд╕рдмрд▓ рдкреНрд░рдпрд╛рд╕ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛.рдХрд┐рдиреНрддреБ рдХрддрд┐рдкрдп рдХрд╛рд░рдгреЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рдЖрдзреБрдирд┐рдХ рдордиреБ рдХрд╛ рд╕рдВрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рди рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рд▓рдХреНрд╖реНрдп рдХреЛ рдкрд╛рдиреЗ рдореЗрдВ рд╕рдлрд▓ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реЛ рдкрд╛рдпрд╛ рд╣реИ.рдЗрд╕ рд╡рд┐рд╖рдп рдореЗрдВ 'рднрд╛рд░рддреАрдп-рд╕рдВрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рди рдмрдирд╛рдо рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐'рдХреЗ рд▓реЗрдЦрдХ рдХреЗ.рдПрдо.рд╕рдВрдд рдХреА рдирд┐рдореНрди рдЯрд┐рдкрдгреНрдгреА рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░рдгреАрдп рд╣реИ.┬а
'рд╕реНрд╡рддрдВрддреНрд░рддрд╛ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдкреНрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рд╕рдордп рднрд╛рд░рддреАрдп рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдореЗрдВ рдкреВрд░реНрдгрддрдГ рдордиреБрд╡рд╛рджреА рдПрд╡рдВ рд╕рд╛рдордВрддрд╡рд╛рджреА рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛рдУрдВ рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рднрд╛рд╡ рдерд╛.рдЗрд╕рд▓рд┐рдП рд╕рдВрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рди рдирд┐рд░реНрдорд╛рддрд╛рдУрдВ рдиреЗ рд╕рдВрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рди рдореЗрдВ рдЕрд╡рдзрд╛рд░рд┐рдд рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░рдзрд╛рд░рд╛рдУрдВ рдорд╛рдзреНрдпрдо рд╕реЗ рдЗрди рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛рдУрдВ рдХреЛ рдорд╛рдирд╡реАрдп рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛рдУрдВ рдореЗрдВ рдмрджрд▓рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рд╕рдкрдирд╛ рд╕рдВрдЬреЛрдпрд╛ рдерд╛ рдкрд░рдиреНрддреБ рдпрд╣ рд╕рдкрдирд╛ рдкреВрд░рд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реЛ рдкрд╛рдпрд╛ рд╣реИ.рдЖрдЬ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рджреЗрд╢ рдХреА рд╕рд╛рдорд╛рдЬрд┐рдХ рд╕реНрдерд┐рддрд┐ рдПрдХ рдРрд╕реЗ рдореЛреЬ рдкрд░ рдЖ рдкрд╣реБрдВрдЪреА рд╣реИ рдЬрд┐рд╕ рд╕реНрдерд╛рди рдкрд░ рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рдореЗрдВ рд╡рд░реНрдгрд┐рдд рдирд┐рдпрддрд┐рд╡рд╛рджреА рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛рдПрдВ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдкреИрд░ рдЬрдорд╛рдпреЗ рд╣реБрдП рд╣реИрдВ,рдЙрд╕ рд╕реНрдерд╛рди рд╕реЗ рднрд╛рд░рддреАрдп рд╕рдВрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рди рдХреА рдЧрддрд┐рд╡рд╛рджреА рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛рдПрдВ рдЙрдирдХреЗ рдкреИрд░ рдЙрдЦрд╛реЬрдиреЗ рдПрд╡рдВ рдЙрд╕ рд╕реНрдерд╛рди рдкрд░ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдкреИрд░ рдЬрдорд╛рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рдпрд╛рд╕ рдХрд░ рд░рд╣реА рд╣реИрдВ.рдРрд╕реА рд╕реНрдерд┐рддрд┐ рдореЗрдВ рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛рдУрдВ рдХреЗ рдЯрдХрд░рд╛рд╡ рдХреА рд╕рдорд╕реНрдпрд╛рдПрдВ рдкреИрджрд╛ рд╣реЛ рдЧрдпреА рд╣реИрдВ.рдпрджрд┐ рднрд╛рд░рддреАрдп рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдореЗрдВ рд╕реНрдерд╛рдкрд┐рдд рдирд┐рдпрддрд┐рд╡рд╛рджреА рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛рдУрдВ рдХреЗ рд╕реНрдерд╛рди рдкрд░ рд╕рдВрд╡реИрдзрд╛рдирд┐рдХ рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛рдпреЗрдВ рд╕реНрдерд╛рдкрд┐рдд рд╣реЛрдиреЗ рдореЗрдВ рдФрд░ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХ рджреЗрд░реА рд╣реБрдИ рддреЛ рджреЗрд╢ рдХреА рд▓реЛрдХрддрд╛рдиреНрддреНрд░рд┐рдХ рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛ рдХреЛ рд╣реА рдЦрддрд░рд╛ рдкреИрджрд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реЛрдЧрд╛ рдЕрдкрд┐рддреБ рджреЗрд╢ рдХреА рдЕрдЦрдВрдбрддрд╛ рднреА рдкреНрд░рднрд╛рд╡рд┐рдд рд╣реЛ рд╕рдХрддреА рд╣реИ,рдЬрд┐рд╕рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдореБрдЦреНрдп рд░реВрдк рд╕реЗ рднрд╛рд░рддреАрдп рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдХреЗ рдХреБрдЫ рд╕рд╛рдзрди рдПрд╡рдВ рд╕реБрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рд╕рдВрдкрдиреНрди рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐ рд╣реА рдЙрддреНрддрд░рджрд╛рдпреА рд╣реЛрдВрдЧреЗ.рдЗрд╕ рд╡рд░реНрдЧ рдХреЗ рдХреБрдЫ рд▓реЛрдЧ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдЪрд╛рд╣рддреЗ рдХрд┐ рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдореЗрдВ рднрд╛рд░рддреАрдп рд╕рдВрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рди рдХреА рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛рдПрдВ рд╕реНрдерд╛рдкрд┐рдд рд╣реЛрдВ.рдХреНрдпреЛрдВрдХрд┐ рдРрд╕рд╛ рд╣реЛрдиреЗ рдкрд░ рдРрд╕реЗ рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рдХреА рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░рдзрд╛рд░рд╛рдУрдВ рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рдкреНрд░рджрддреНрдд рд╕реБрд╡реБрдзрд╛рдУрдВ рдПрд╡рдВ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░реЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рд╡рдВрдЪрд┐рдд рд╣реЛрдирд╛ рдкреЬреЗрдЧрд╛.рдЖрдЬ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░рд╡рд┐рд╣реАрди рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рд╕рдВрд╡реИрдзрд╛рдирд┐рдХ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдкреНрдд рдХрд░рдирд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣рддрд╛ рд╣реИ рдЬрд┐рд╕реЗ рдХреБрдЫ рд╕реБрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛ рд╕рдореНрдкрдиреНрди рд▓реЛрдЧ рджреЗрдиреЗ рдХреЛ рддреИрдпрд╛рд░ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИрдВ рдФрд░ рдпрд╣реА рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдХреЗ рдЯрдХрд░рд╛рд╡ рдХрд╛ рдореБрдЦреНрдп рдХрд╛рд░рдг рд╣реИ рддрдерд╛ рдЗрд╕реА рд╕реНрдерд┐рддрд┐ рдХреА рд╕рдлрд▓рддрд╛ рдПрд╡рдВ рдЕрд╕рдлрд▓рддрд╛ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реА рд▓реЛрдХрддрд╛рдиреНрддреНрд░рд┐рдХ рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛ рдХреА рдХрд╕реМрдЯреА рд╣реИ.рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдореЗрдВ рд╡реНрдпрд╛рдкреНрдд рдпрд╣ рдЕрд╕рдордВрдЬрд╕ рдХреА рд╕реНрдерд┐рддрд┐ рддрднреА рджреВрд░ рд╣реЛ рд╕рдХрддреА рд╣реИ рдЬрдмрдХрд┐ рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рд╕реНрдерд╛рдкрд┐рдд рдЕрдорд╛рдирд╡реАрдп рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛рдУрдВ рдХреЗ рд╕реНрдерд╛рди рдкрд░ рднрд╛рд░рддреАрдп рд╕рдВрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рди рдореЗрдВ рд╡рд░реНрдгрд┐рдд рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛рдПрдВ рд╕реНрдерд╛рдкрд┐рдд рд╣реЛ.рдЗрд╕рд▓рд┐рдП рдЙрди рд╕реБрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рд╕рдВрдкрдиреНрди рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдЬреЛ рд╕рдВрд╡реИрдзрд╛рдирд┐рдХ рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛рдУрдВ рдХреЛ рд▓рд╛рдЧреВ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдмрд╛рдзрд╛ рдЙрддреНрдкрдиреНрди рдХрд░рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдФрд░ рджреЗрд╢ рдХреЗ рдЙрди рдкреНрд░рдмреБрджреНрдз рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдЬрд┐рдиреНрд╣реЗрдВ рджреЗрд╢ рдХреЗ рднрд╡рд┐рд╖реНрдп рдХреА рдЪрд┐рдВрддрд╛ рд╣реИ,рдЗрд╕ рд╕рдорд╕реНрдпрд╛ рдкрд░ рдЧрдВрднреАрд░рддрд╛рдкреВрд░реНрд╡рдХ рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░ рдХрд░ рд╕рдВрд╡реИрдзрд╛рдирд┐рдХ рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛рдУрдВ рдХреЛ рд╕реНрдерд╛рдкрд┐рдд рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдореЗрдВ рдЙрд▓реНрд▓реЗрдЦрдиреАрдп рдпреЛрдЧрджрд╛рди рджреЗрдирд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣рд┐рдП.

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Notes on the International Situation: ENOUGH IMPERIALIST EXPLOITATION! IT MUST END!

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Mail from Brazil:Notes on the International Situation: ENOUGH IMPERIALIST EXPLOITATION! IT MUST END!

Proletarians of all countries, unite!

Notes on the International Situation:

ENOUGH IMPERIALIST EXPLOITATION! IT MUST END!

"Finally now, listen to this. As we see in the world, Maoism is marching unstoppably to lead the new wave of world proletarian revolution. Listen well and understand. Those who have ears, use them. Those who have understanding -- and we all have it -- use it! Enough of this nonsense. Enough of these obscurities. Let us understand this. What is unfolding in the world? What do we need? We need Maoism to be incarnated and it is being incarnated and that this generate communist parties to manage, to lead this new great wave of the world proletarian revolution that is coming. Everything they told us, the empty and silly chatter of the famous "new age of peace." Where is it now? What about Yugoslavia? What about other places? Everything became politicized, that is a lie. Today there is one reality, the same contenders of the First and Second World War are preparing a Third World War. We should know this and we, as the children of an oppressed nation, are part of the booty. We cannot consent to this! Enough imperialist exploitation! We must finish with them! We are of the third world and the third world is the base of the world proletarian revolution, with one condition, that the Communist parties brandish and lead! That is what we must do !!"

┬а Chairman Gonzalo, 24 de September 1992 speech, Lima, 1992, Red Banner┬а


With this guide, in these notes, we expound in an open and constructive manner the key issues regarding the present problems within the international communist movement. Issues on which there is not a unified comprehension, indispensable for the common action in defense of Maoism and its application to each specific revolution. This is, to initiate and develop people┬┤s war in each country. To that end, we address the most pressing issues of the world today. Before proceeding, it is necessary to point out that these notes correspond to how we have been following the development of the main contradiction and the inter-imperialist contradiction (third contradiction) during the year 2013 until September-October. After this date we have only added a reference to the "Ukrainian crisis" in mid-January of the present year. We publish them with some delay because, despite of the time passed and that it does not cover anything that occurred since November 2013, it still conserves its validity. On the development of the second contradiction (proletariat-bourgeoisie), we will treat it in the next delivery of these notes.

┬аWe publish the current notes despite de delay, guided by what Mariategui, the founder of the CPP, established in "the contemporary scene" (1925) "I do not think it possible to apprehend the entire panorama of the contemporary world in a theory. It is not possible, above all, to set in theory its movement. We have to explore it and know it, episode by episode, facet by facet. Our view and imagination will always be delayed in respect to the entirety of the phenomenon. Therefore, the best way to explain and communicate our time is one that is perhaps a little bit journalistic and a bit cinematographic" and then he added "that is another reason to bring these items to print" This is yet another reason that encourages us to place this notes at the reach of our internet readers, but not before making some precisions about what it's developing in Ukraine.

┬а Ukraine belonged to the Czarist Empire before de 1917 revolution and with the triumph of the 1919 Ukrainian proletarian revolution it was incorporated into the Soviet Union. Becoming a proletariat Dictatorship State and developing a socialist revolution. With Jrushov┬┤s revisionist counterrevolutionary coup in 1956, capitalism and the bourgeoisie dictatorship were restored, whereby the former socialist Soviet Union became again a huge "prison of nations" and the feeling of being a soviet citizen was substituted y a dominant nationalist anti proletarian sentiment of "great Russian" imposed by the revisionism as part of its bourgeoisie ideology, unleashing national hatred. Whereupon the soviet revisionist dug their own grave, since these internal clashes within the Revisionist State accelerated its definite sinking and dislocation.┬а

The Social imperialist superpower, the revisionist ex-Soviet Union, was reduced the imperialist Russia. This means, it was converted into a "skinny dog" and continued as an atomic imperialist superpower, with an economic weight such as the imperialist power Italy and based mainly on the exportation of gas, oil, other raw materials and weapons.

Ukraine signed the 1993 Commonwealth of Independent States treaty, which recognized its statehood belonging to the Russian sphere of influence and its military authority. Historically, the axis on which the old Czarist regime was established, which is continued by the current Imperialist Russian State, is the one that goes from Kiev to Moscow, and then it was expanded to Petrograd. This makes the Ukrainian territory, not only the Crimean peninsula, considered to be its strategic zone by the Russian imperialist, like as its own territory, without its control and dominance, the existence of the very Russian State as an independent entity and mainly as an atomic superpower would be definitively questioned.

┬а For the foregoing reason, since 1991 until today, everything that the Russian Power does regarding Ukraine is to retain this status and everything that the only hegemonic superpower, the Yankee imperialism, and the other imperialist powers such Germany, France, Britain, etc. , do is to reverse this status placed upon tumbling foundations. The period of struggle against the two superpowers, has not ended yet, as is can be felt. This period includes what has been happening more sharply since the begging of the previous decade and that has streamed into the current situation that shakes Ukraine, Russia, and the entire world.┬а

So there we see the contest between the two imperialist superpowers, which now does not only takes place in the intermediate countries that separates them, as will be discussed in a corresponding part of these Notes, but has been taken to the "own strategic territory" of the Russian atomic superpower. Thus, we can establish that the annexation of Crimea by Putin┬┤s Russia, is a desperate blow of Russian imperialists under Putin's direction, wielding the old doctrine of "Great Russian" (as the "poor Russian") to try to save the floor that is collapsing under its feet accelerated by the subversion driven by the other imperialist, stirring up national hatred against the Russian population and arming the fascist hordes, politician descendants of who served Hitler┬┤s Germany against the Soviet nations in World War II, under the plan to crush them as a nuclear superpower. It is not a sign of strength but of weakness. But also, what do all these class struggle happenings in that region reveal? it reveals a truth that is hidden behind them, which is the sharpening of the class struggle of the proletariat against the bourgeoisie in that country, which has been expressed in all these decades, now much more than ever, as the contradiction of the masses against government in a country that is arena of struggle among the imperialist superpowers and powers. And with the lack of a reconstituted Communist Party, we see that different bourgeois factions and the imperialists try to take advantage of these "troubled waters" to mislead the masses of their way.

So we say, all the endless evils and suffering that the proletariat and the people in that country endure have an origin, a cause, in the capitalist restoration. Therefore, in the historical process of restoration-counter restoration that is happening there, what corresponds to the communists there is to rebuild their party, the CP as a militarized Marxist-Leninist-Maoist party, to initiate people's war to do the counter restoration, is to do the proletarian revolution to restore the dictatorship of the proletariat and further develop the socialist revolution. This has to be done in the midst of the struggle against foreign intervention, dividing the country into spheres of influence of the superpowers and imperialist powers, against the division of the country and annexations.

1.THE REACTION SPURS REVOLUTION: WE NEED MORE PEOPLE┬┤S WAR TO DO THE REVOLUTION AND CONFRONT THE IMPERIALIST WAR.

We are interested in seeing the development of the worldwide objective situation, focusing on the further maturation of the conditions for revolution. That is, the further development of the revolutionary situation in an uneven development in the world, which is demonstrated in the development of the new great wave of world proletarian revolution and, therefore, how Maoism is marching to direct it, the only guarantee to its victorious development; and it is being done, embodied by the peoples of the world, generating Communist Parties of a new type, Marxist-Leninist-Maoist Communist Parties, to initiate and develop new people┬┤s wars, up to the worldwide people's war to bury imperialism and world reaction, inseparable from the irreconcilable struggle against revisionism.

There is no doubt that this is a process full of vicissitudes, a death struggle between Marxism and revisionism, between left and right. What is used by revisionists, rightists and agents of reaction to deny it all, to deny the advancement of Maoism and the new great wave of proletarian revolution, to sum up, to try to deny the motion of matter.┬а

It is necessary to crush all those point of view that seek to deny the existence and exacerbation of the three fundamental contradictions at the international level and especially the main contradiction, that┬┤s to say, the one between the imperialist countries and the oppressed countries as expressed once again in the current war of aggression against Syria.┬а

The aim is to deny the greater maturity of the objective conditions in these countries; that are the base of the world revolution and the booty of the ongoing world redistribution, amid imperialist collusion and struggle. Therefore, attempting to deny the character of all armed attacks against the oppressed countries, that is as an imperialist plunder war, led by imperialism, mainly Yankee, acting alone or in partnership with other imperialist countries.┬а

The imperialist aggression, the imperialist war, the massive genocide and the imperialist plunder against the peoples of the oppressed nations, as we are seeing in Palestine, Iraq, Afghanistan, Mali, Syria, etc., unleashes the wrath of the people, that get up in powerful armed struggle and cause political, moral and thus military failure and quagmire of the imperialist. Thus unfolds the new great wave of world revolution. That┬┤s why we say, the reaction spurs revolution. Therefore, liberation wars of all armed struggles of the people have a class character, regardless of whomever is the transitory force leading them.┬а

In this situation, for us, is primary to develop people's war to show the way and help develop the communist movement in those countries where it is weak, so they can break out of this situation and can strive for the direction of these armed liberation struggles that already exist, and transform them into people's war, the only guarantee to bring the democratic revolution to the end; to which end they need the constitution of a Communist Party.

Hence the importance of developing further the global campaign to support people┬┤s wars in Peru, India, etc. To create international public opinion not only in favor of these ongoing people's wars (despite the difficult and complex circumstances facing today's Peru People's War, which it has to overcome fulfilling the task of the general reorganization of CPP in a hard struggle against revisionism within and outside, in cahoots with the reaction, trying to prevent the accomplishment of this task, as it is being unsuccessfully done by the infiltrated reaction agent that usurps the Red Sun webpage).

Furthermore, as stated, an effective anti-imperialist front led by Maoism could be put forward only on the basis of the development and coordination of people's wars in different parts of the world, mainly in the oppressed nations, which all armed liberation struggles and all other proletariat and peoples of the world struggles could join. We reaffirm that the oppressed countries are the bases of the world proletarian revolution; because there lives the vast mass of the Earth┬┤s population and the poorest, deepest and more profound. Living in conditions that are not in accordance with the present attained state of civilization; who are victims of the most gigantic butcher by the imperialist plunder wars and its native lackeys.

In addition, it is necessary in order to change the world, to be clear on: the imperialism global crisis aggravates the struggle among them for the oppressed countries and areas of influence; that, therefore, the plans implemented through the ruling classes linked to the imperialist interests, what they do is exacerbate the critical economic situation in those countries, whose root is, its semi-feudal and semi-colonial or colonial status, where bureaucratic capitalism develops, a base that generates corresponding political and ideological forms. The global crisis will continue unloading over our societies while we maintain such condition and will remain the spoils of war of each new world┬┤s redistribution.

Imperialism is not only one, as Lenin taught us: on one hand there are a handful of imperialist countries, whether these are superpowers or powers, in general oppressive countries; and, on the other hand, there are oppressed countries, which are colonial or semi-colonial countries. The latter economically subjected to imperialism, but possessing formal sovereignty or independence.┬а

Contrary to what is said by imperialism representatives and their revisionists lackeys such as ROL┬┤s revisionist and capitulationist, in our country -the so called "economic liberalization", "globalization", "the new international division of labor", etc. - all that the imperialists have push forward with the ruling classes of these countries, most markedly in the recent decade, has not changed the character of these countries but rather has preserved and developed it, as we have shown in the earlier notes about bureaucratic capitalism.

In addition, in more than one occasion, Chairman Gonzalo, has said that: "It hides or conceals the feudal character of our countries, the root of backwardness on which imperialist exploitation acts; afterward they will try to dissolve it behind the concept of dependence. The semi-feudal base character of the in oppressed countries is denied and therefore is also denied the need for the peasant struggle to sweep it; while, on the other hand, they attempts to outline an anti-imperialism that lacking its natural base, the anti-feudal peasant mobilization, is dissolved in words and demagogic poses. This is to deny the necessity of the democratic revolution in the oppressed countries, the need of people's war, that in these is an agrarian war (which develops as a unitary war mainly countryside and the city a necessary complement), to end the three mountains that oppress them: imperialism, semi-feudalism and bureaucrat capitalism. ".┬а

Then, following the evolutionary path, the nature of the oppressed countries societies is maintained and, therefore, the democratic revolution is in completely in force, and it is done using revolutionary violence that today is people┬┤s war. People's war to make revolution, to conquer and defend power; people┬┤s war to confront the imperialist aggression for booty; People's War to confront the counter imperialist war; people┬┤s war to do socialist revolution and global people's war to sweep imperialism and to confront the imperialist world war; and People's War to march towards Communism with proletarian cultural revolutions.

That is, we need people's war in all countries and continents for global people's war to sweep imperialism and reaction from the face of the Earth and continue the march towards communism. And this is what is being done by the Communists in Peru; a condition for the victorious development involves completing the pending task of the general reorganization of the Party, the heroic fighter who leads the people┬┤s war, defending Chairman Gonzalo Leadership and Party unity basis, in death struggle against revisionism within and outside its rows, rejecting and crushing capitulation. This is also being done by the Maoist Communist Party of India, where the left, using the people's war plans and campaigns, with action against the armed and auxiliary forces keeps the reactionary right crushed and makes it dance to its rhythm, while the enemy tries to split the party with its drivel of "peace talks".┬а

That is the correct meaning of the communists struggle in other places and continents. In South America, the Communists are moving forward in the pending task of the reconstitution of the Communist Parties to initiate the People's War in Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, Colombia, etc. Amid class struggle and two-line struggle; upholding, defending and applying Marxism-Leninism-Maoism, principally Maoism with the contributions and developments of Chairman Gonzalo, the CPP and the People's War to the world revolution. In this task, the Communists face the repressive forces of bureaucratic-landlord serving imperialism, mainly Yankee, reaction and revisionism, shedding their precious blood, as the Communists in Brazil do, merging with the proletariat, the peasantry, the poor masses of the cities and the progressive intelligentsia and students.

In the reactionary Europe, communist undergo the task of the struggling for the reconstitution of the Party, in struggle against the "autonomous" anarchist tendencies opposing the Party and crushing the revisionist and opportunist positions and encouraging the masses class struggle, striving to lead their demonstrations.┬а

2. THE CURRENT IMPERIALIST WAR OF AGGRESSION IS FOR A NEW WORLD DISTRIBUTION.

In Syria an imperialist war of aggression develops and its being tried to be cover up with a fig leaf as a civil war, what has not happed yet is the invasion and occupation of the country. It's an imperialist war of aggression against an oppressed country.┬а

There are two contradictions and three forces expressed: the main contradiction, which is also the main on in this current juncture, and the third contradiction, ie the inter-imperialist contradiction, which is secondary, but could become temporarily the main one, to then return the historically main contradiction to manifest itself as such. The three forces are first the US imperialist, its allies and lackeys; the Russian imperialism, its allies and lackeys; and finally, the forces of the country attacked by imperialism, now weak and disunited, without direction of the heroic fighter, the Communist Party, therefore, no united liberation armed forces, without a united front. But, with the party┬┤s leadership, will turn from weak to strong; that is why we say, according to Chairman Mao, that in a strategic perspective, the forces of the attacked country are the only truly powerful and invincible.┬а

We have to repeat it as often as its necessary: for Marxism-Leninism-Maoism there isn┬┤t only one imperialism but different imperialist countries. That is, imperialist powers and superpowers, that divide up the world according to their correlations of economic and hence political and military Power; balance of power that is changing every moment. So today there is a hegemonic superpower, USA; the other, the social imperialist former Soviet Union was left as a "skinny dog", reduced to what is today Russia, with an economic weight just as the Italian imperialism, but it remains a nuclear superpower.┬а

The latter is an important factor to be taken into account in order to study the development of the imperialist collusion and struggle for the redistribution; is a key factor for the US imperialists to maintain its hegemony and therefore important to all other imperialist countries. Because, if the United States, implementing its strategic plan for the inter-imperialist struggle with Russia, succeeds in establishing its "nuclear umbrella" and thereby manages to neutralize the offensive capability of the imperialist Russia's multi-warheads rockets (along with the spatial war capability) ; then, the military balance between them and Russia will be broken by the US side (based on similar nuclear power of both); and the US imperialists will have the ability to attack Russian soil and everything else.

That is the plan of the Yankee imperialism, which comes since the Carter time, with Reagan, became known as the "Star Wars". Today, it appears to be reduced to "European missile defense system with missile radar detection and missile elimination ", being set in "Poland and the Czech Republic "to protect Europe from a possible attack from Iran or North Korea "which is hindered because there is strong opposition from Russia." But let's not forget that, to have a clear understanding of the situation as a whole and of the negotiations and diplomatic agreements, at the same time, the joint -Yaqui and French- atomic offensive capability has been expanded and is positioned with nuclear submarines and other warlike devices in the Persian Gulf and Mediterranean Sea adjacent areas; thus, they are making a detour to overcome the intermediate countries that separate them from Russia.┬а

By the closeness achieved with its displacement it is in a close and direct position to threaten Russian soil and their defensive and offensive capabilities. But it is not enough, while on that side, there are still countries that separate them, that are in dispute, such as Iran and Syria. So what both superpowers are seeking at the time is to buy time so they can push further the development of the contradictions in the opposite side. This is what currently occurs in the " Ukrainian crisis", inside the strategic Russian influence area, or in the NATO mercenary subversive forces in Syria (forces of "opposition"), which is getting complicated, or in the imperialist countries within that Alliance, in the United States itself, and to improve their offensive or defensive preparation.

On imperialists alliances or alignments, keep in mind, that such "partnerships" are always circumstantial and temporary, there is no "imperialist blocs" that the contradiction among them are absolute; the imperialists are facing each other for their interests. The US imperialists have no friends, it only has enemies, like all hegemonic power in history; in this also we see how the great empires sink. For example, in the war against Afghanistan or the second in Iraq (2003), British imperialism served as the closest Yankee ally, this was not because they both have an Anglo Saxon culture. No, that was not the foundation, but as British Prime Minister himself confessed at the time, the genocidal Blair, conscious that they are no longer the former superpower, he stated that the alliance was to "ensure Britain a strong position (...) That proximity assured us (...) a significant influence (...) was correct. That was worth in the Near East. And that was worth more in China and India" (1). Today is France with Hollande, who pursuing Sarkozy┬┤s plans seeks, in the shadow of the only hegemonic superpower, to be credited its dominance over the Mediterranean, on the shaft that goes in a straight line from the Atlantic to the Persian Gulf, so pretext to Europe's oil supply. See the White book on Defense of France 2009-2014.┬а

┬а For them, there are no "true friendship" principles, on the contrary, as taught by Chairman Mao, the struggle, the imperialist scramble for taking the biggest slice of the cake is absolute and the collusion with one another is relative, this determines the circumstantial and passenger nature imperialist alliances. As Marx said, ┬б what would it be of the proletariat if the bourgeoisie could unite!

The plan of Yankee┬┤s imperialism and imperialist powers in collusion with him, for the current stage of the war in the Middle East, is similar to that applied against the former Yugoslavia. That is, looking forward to balkanize more the region; in this case Syria, to divide it into different influence zones, with its intervention disguised as "civil war" and as this does not give the desired result, when the time is right, with a direct military attack. First, they have sought the pretext in that the chemical weapons in the hands of the Assad┬┤s government have been "used against the civilian population", despite all evidence to the contrary. Then, it will be the true or alleged violation of these agreements, which Assad has been taken to by the Russian government, which is a step in the capitulation to the aggressor country. For, as we have seen in the war against Iraq, after these "disarmament and control" agreement, after splitting over the front against aggression, economically weakening the country, after of provocations and endless lies to change public opinion in their favor, etc.; comes the direct and massive invasion or attack.┬а

The imperialists can violate whenever they want their own agreements, its own international law, and the non-aggression principles. The law is to be fulfilled by the other part; the only hegemon power uses it. What they seek to legitimize putting forward an alleged principle or doctrine of the "right to intervene" as was employed in 1999 in its aggression against Serbia for a change of the political regime and the secession of Kosovo as an imperialist protectorate, with the parking of 50 thousand NATO soldiers and an ethnic cleansing of Serbs and Gypsies, and did also so in Sierra Leone. We repeat, because it┬┤s necessary to do so, when the imperialists, alone or in coalition, are against an oppressed country, or against several of these Third World countries, not only the main contradiction is expressed, but also the third contradiction is expressed, the inter-imperialist contradiction, as Chairman Mao taught us in the "Suez Canal crisis" in the mid-50s.

Therefore, we cannot allow them to throw dust at our eyes. Peace, harmony, among the imperialists are old theories retold, as of those of super imperialism, ultra imperialism, neo imperialism, neo colonialism etc., which, according to how Lenin characterized them, " theoretically, this opinion is absolutely absurd, while in practice it is sophistry a dishonorable defense of the worst opportunism "(2) . Old theories that today specifically are aimed against the democratic revolution, against the national liberation movement.┬а

As we have said, for Marxism-Leninism-Maoism there is not just one imperialism but different imperialist countries, that is to say imperialist powers and superpowers, the world is divided according to the correlation in economic and therefore military power, balance of power that is changing every moment. So today there is a hegemonic superpower, which is USA; the other is a "skinny dog", Russia and imperialist powers like Britain, France, Germany, Japan, China, Holland, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Italy, Spain, etc., which in total are only a handful oppressive countries.

It is instructive as an example to see how a "political science" professor, Martin Wagner, representative of German imperialism, shows the political and military consequences for Germany of the current relations among the imperialist forces; in relation to the case of the " NSA Affair" revealed by the ex-spy Snowden. This reactionary professor, contradicting a callused revisionist, concludes that pretending "as was raised by the future opposition leader Gregor Gysi (from the Left Party)" that "the federal government could treat with the United States 'at the same level' is living in a fantasy world in terms of the security policy," among other reasons because:
"Since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 the United States belongs to a league in which there isn┬┤t any powerful opponent, neither economically nor militarily. Its share of world gross domestic product is 22 per cent and thus still significantly ahead of China, with the 12 percent, taking second place. Seen from the military point of view, the dominance is even higher: in 2012, the amount of American military spending was 646 billion dollars. This represents 41 percent of global military spending, or 78 percent of what the states of Europe, Eurasia, the near and Middle East, North Africa and Asia have together available for defense. In comparison: the German defense budget for 2012 was 40 billion dollars. American supremacy, which was built and expanded since World War naturally has implications for foreign and security policy (...) In all known 'National Security Strategies' of Chairman Bill Clinton, George W. Bush and Barack Obama , is established that the United States has the right to pursue its vital interests, if necessary, unilaterally. In the latest National Security Strategy, that White House had presented in May 2010, it literally says: 'The United States must reserve the right to act unilaterally if the defense of our nation and our interests demand it" (3).┬а

Undoubtedly, this German professor raises a lot Yankee┬┤s "might" because it is representative of the German imperialist faction, and that in the current world situation it prefers to advance in the alliance with the US; these are called "Atlanticist". He seems to ignore the comparable atomic power in Russia and that there are other powers that also have nuclear and ballistic capability as England, France (with atomic submarine with nuclear warheads rockets) and China. The revisionist Gysi, doesn┬┤t "live in a fantasy" as suggested by the "Atlanticist" German professor; at least is not as fanciful as the revisionist and capitulationist ROL in Peru, who argue that US imperialism is no longer the only hegemonic superpower. What this revisionist suggests, although doesn┬┤t say, to the government of their imperialist State, criticizing Chancellor Merckel, is that at least it should use the contradiction of the Russian nuclear superpower, "the skinny dog", with the only hegemonic superpower, the Yankee imperialism, so it can stand up to the US government on the issue of massive NSA spying against them. Thus, in the parliamentary debate, this revisionist from the Left Party (ex-PDS, which was the successor of the revisionist SED of the GDR) shows that he intends to represent his bosses form other German imperialist faction, which favors an approach to use the contradiction between Russian imperialism and US imperialism, to advance in the current situation in the German imperialism purpose of becoming in the future a new superpower and struggle for world hegemony, these are known as the "Ostpolitik", ie approaching or negotiating with Russia, before they were supporters of approaching the former Soviet Union and its best known representative was Willi Brant (former foreign minister and head of the SPD) and his adviser Bahr. Another one that is getting aligned in this direction is the former Chancellor Schmidt, who had reminded a couple of years ago that at the time of Prussia, the Germans were Russia┬┤s allies. Without forgetting that the former Chancellor Schr├╢der also works for the Russian monopoly Gazprom.┬а

3. THE YANQUI IMPERIALISM IS A GIANT WITH FEET OF CLAY

Yankee┬┤s imperialism hegemonic status plunges it more, even more so than other imperialists. Because of its imperialist nature and in order to maintain its hegemony, which is specific to the Yankee's case, it is bound incur in several wars simultaneously, besides being militarily present in all continents of the world.┬а

It brings a huge cost, along with keeping its vast military machine and espionage at a state of war; are the costs for expenses already made in wars of aggression, the emerging costs to "help the veterans" and the war credits interest; excluding the social cost paid in its own soil, the contempt for the life and dignity of the masses of defenseless people that face the genocide applied against them in the countries experiencing US aggression, as part of the imperialist plan of subjugating them.

┬а How could it not have an impact on the population of that imperialist country and other imperialist countries, which is already part of the dominant culture, morality of the rulers, that is fair that the Chairman, in this case the genocidal Obama presses a button to order his "Dronns" shoot fire and massive steel against "targets" in the middle of densely populated areas; then in the media these genocides are praised as "great success in the fight against terror". Then the propagated images one can see a doomsday scenario of destruction and mangled bodies, which then is known to belong to children, the elderly and civilians, as they do every day.

┬а They do this not only in the countries against which they have declared war and whose armed forces are denied such war status and war laws, but they also do it against countries in which they carry an undeclared or secret war as in Yemen, Pakistan, etc. And they do it with total impunity; there aren┬┤t laws against them, no judges, and no national or international courts are valid. Therefore we reaffirm that: ┬бonly the people with people's war does justice!

And this imperialist war must necessarily return home, following the example of the genocidal imperialism, with the same logic, there occurs at home mass murder against unarmed students and others helpless individuals to release their frustration.┬а

But, what is the most important, the movement against imperialist war will increase and added to the further exploitation of the class and the increasing poverty of the masses in their own country, all this spurs any way the intensification of the struggle classes in the United States, as it is also happening in all imperialist countries, ie, causing further aggravation of the second contradiction, the contradiction bourgeois-proletariat.┬а

In a long article in a newspaper linked to the German financial capital we read: "The Keynesian boost given by war to its economy, especially the big weapons monopolies, security companies, logistics troops and oil on the other hand, increases their domestic and foreign debt" (4).

The costs for US imperialism, according to this source, "for the war in Afghanistan would be US $ 3,103 billion so far and in the future must add US $ 3,987 billion; the second Iraq war costs US $ 3 billion so far to what must be added $ 7 billion interest accrued with war credits until 2053. They are almost unthinkable figures that weigh on public finances and the entire USA national economy. In the same newspaper it reads:┬а
"Finally Washington has had a moral failure, having conducted a baseless war and with false promises of freedom has caused incalculable evils heavier than the (economic) costs, which are also much higher than calculated. The prestige of America (USA) is unfortunate. Hence, it┬┤s so hard for Obama to gain support for a military attack against Syria, which should punish Damascus poison gas attack: Obama is under the long dark shadow of his predecessor ". Moreover, in this diary the following is written on the war against Syria: "The Obama retained offensive against the dictator of Damascus has many foundations (...) one of the most important is barely spoken of: the money-or better the scarce money. America (USA) is highly indebted. The legal limit of indebtedness of 16.7 billion dollar will be reached in mid-October. The country is slowly recovering from a recession ..." (5).

US imperialism is the largest capital exporter worldwide, which is expressed in imbalances in its economy. US imperialism is a giant with feet of clay, with a huge foreign debt, households and businesses and large trade deficit. It is therefore the most monopolistic, the most parasitic and which is undergoing a further decay than other imperialist countries, which are also included in the process of the collapse-sweeping away. Both in the imperialist countries and oppressed countries rent-seeking is encouraged, a widespread way is the investment in debt- bonds emitted by the states and is the great business of banks, large financial bourgeoisie, in this way, investment of private savings in financial speculation is promoted rather than production. Thus, the states themselves, companies and individuals compete for the purchase of government debt. Speculation in debt bond is more pathetic in the Yankee case; because they finance their wars of aggression, military spending, injecting capital into developing its defense industry to try to boost its economy; another sign of sinking is: waging wars of aggression, increasingly, with immigrant soldiers of the oppressed countries and warlords in occupied countries (are signs that history has seen the collapse of empires, as the Roman and Spanish).

4. HOW DOES THE IMPERIALIST ECONOMIC TERRITORY DISPUTE EXPRESSES ITSELF IN THE POLITICAL AND MILITARY PLANE? - THE IMPERIALISM┬┤S PLAN SEEKS TO LEGITIMATE ITS AGRESSION AS ITS "DUTY TO PROTECT"

So, what do we see? A single hegemonic superpower, the United States, that as such leads, in collusion and conflict, the new distribution of the oppressed countries, trying to legitimize its aggression against these countries, first with its "war on terror" and / or with its "duty to protect ", ie now as before with the defense of their" human rights ". To create national and international public opinion in favor of its imperialist war of aggression, against the resistance war of those countries facing aggression and military occupation, and to isolate the armed national liberation struggles as "fundamentalist terrorism". So as to divide the anti-war imperialist movement in their own country and to crush the revolutionaries without recognizing their belligerent status.

What else do we see? A handful of imperialist powers collude in this predatory war and struggle with the Yankee superpower and each other to tear the biggest part in this new distribution, this is expressed in the agreements and disagreements expressed by the governments and parliaments of these powers even with various opposition forms , etc.┬а

So, what is the US imperialism for? It is for developing its war of aggression with bloodshed and fire with an immediate goal (Syria), another medium term goal (Iran) and a strategic objective (Russia). That is the imperialism┬┤s plan, which it seeks to legitimize, to cover up or ambush to ensure its fulfillment.┬а

Control over Syria and Iran have great strategic importance for US imperialism, not only because of its strategic position with respect to its strategic objective (Russia); but also in the inter-imperialist struggle to ensure "forever" its condition as the only hegemonic superpower; by getting access to the strategic control of one of the world┬┤s key regions to obtain oil for almost all other imperialist countries. So, they would have in their hands the control, at their will, of the oil provision to the rest countries. And this second aspect, presents itself as the most problematic to the Yankees in their wish to align others in its plan against Russia. The transitional agreement signed in recent days in Geneva between the "five plus one and Iran" does not alienate their imperialist goals, rather they put deadline for Iran to submit to their demands. Those are agreements on the way to undergo national subjugation or war.

The imperialism┬┤s plan is not the search of agreement or consensus, quite the contrary (based on military force and deployment of these in combat position), before the military coup they seek to nationally and internationally isolate the assaulted by paralyzing, by the means of its propaganda and diplomatic action, the defense of the attacked country, accused of everything to discredit, to paint it as a villain and then treat it as such; to paralyze their material capacity (disarmament), divide their forces (the National Front) and demoralize. To boost the forces in support of national subjugation and capitulation to imperialism. Then the imperialism┬┤s plan is not "peace agreements"; Therefore, it is not only stupid, but also a repetition of what the ROL said in Peru, that "peace was a necessity of imperialism" (see the hoax┬┤s "letters ..."). So, what the reaction agent who has usurped the "red sun" web does is to spread confusion, serve the imperialist war and try to divert the Communists from fulfilling the task of the general reorganization of the Party.┬а

That's what we're seeing in the current imperialist intervention against Syria and in the preparation of the greatest genocide with direct military attack launched against this country. The imperialists are trying by all means, including diplomatic, to change the military forces balance on the ground in favor of the military aggression forces directed by their own officers, commands, advisers, weapons, played "opposition " military forces, who have lifted war to negotiate, based on the gains made on the battlefield, the new status of the country and the" transitional government "at their service, as the very intervention of Foreign Minister Kerry in the Yankee Senate reveals. Kerry said that if they do not attack then the Islamist forces, that are part of these "opposing forces" and are led by them, would benefit. It seems senseless right? But it makes sense; if you see that with the actual formation of "opposition" armed forces they won┬┤t be able to win and even less to keep them very disciplined for their plans of a "new Serbia" in Syria. They are trying to learn the lesson from what is happening in Libya.

But US imperialism did not attack and was benefited from the deal, because with the credible threat of imminent attack, they achieved the partial disarmament agreement of Assad┬┤s Syrian government, which was taken into by his defender (Russia). With the agreement, the US imperialists, won the "legitimacy" and the time needed to restructure its internal and external front (both in trouble as we have seen in news sources cited above in Part 3). And, most important, according to Kerry himself, time to address the issue of their "opposition forces". The time needed to reorganize these lackey ("opposition") mercenary forces centralizing political and military control of them under their tight command and then hit.

Hit in such a way that allows these "opposing forces" to take the lead and impose their "negotiated" way out, to divide the country into influence zones (following the "Yugoslav model"). To, in the next step, engulf Iran. That is what is behind the Syrian "agreement on the destruction of chemical weapons". Then, the role of Russia is having pushed farther the Asad government to capitulate and thus legitimize the aggression, recognizing that the monopoly of possession and use of weapons of mass destruction (ABC Weapons) belongs to the imperialists. As in the case of Iran, Russian imperialists want in exchange guarantees for them, say if there is no danger in Syria and Iran, then the it's not needded the "European nuclear umbrella; the " Yankees says: No! They no longer have the ability to manufacture nuclear weapons, but are still in possession of long-range ballistic missiles. All this shows what is behind. Despite the compromises, the dispute continues.

The imperialists do not want a united Syria in this strategic area and in the boundaries of their protectorate, the Zionist state of Israel. Nevertheless Yankee imperialism and its allies are losing in this Syrian "civil war". this was unveiled by the US Senate resolution authorizing, before the partial disarmament agreement, when it agrees to give Obama 60 days for "military action against Syria" and sets the increased aggression and genocidal political objective to "change the balance of power in favor of the opposition "(as reported by various media worldwide on 6 September). It is therefore not for the use of "sarin" or other by the regime against civilians what matters, they do not care for that at all.

- THE NEW WORLD DISTRUBUTION IS DONE ACCORDING TO THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG THE IMPERIALISTS FORCES

┬а But the new distribution is made according to the economic, political and military correlation of forces among the imperialists, Therefore, before and after, the situation will be of tension among them, "the First World is redefining itself" (Chairman Gonzalo in the Third Plenum). The imperialist powers are struggling to become new superpowers so they can fight for world hegemony to occupy the place that now Yankee imperialism claims and impose through a new world war (which would be the third) a new world order and a new distribution.

But what is developing now comes since the early 90s. They are in the redistribution of the oppressed countries, which were submitted by the former Soviet social imperialism, which sank without having been defeated in a third world war. This is proven without a doubt by all the events of any importance, from the early 90s until now, including what is underway in Syria, war and non-war events, occurred from Eastern Europe to the former Soviet republics in Asia and the Middle East, Persian Gulf and Afghanistan.

┬а - Who runs this new world distribution?┬а

Yankee imperialism, in its position as a sole hegemonic superpower Syria today is where the nuclear superpower Russia still holds influence, then continues Iran, which is a key issue in all of this, because US imperialism wants to recover what it lost in 1979. Without losing sight that the strategic objective of US imperialism, in this imperialist collusion and struggle, is to neutralize and then crush the condition of nuclear superpower that Russian imperialism still holds.┬а

No! It is not yet the social imperialist China because of its still low offensive capability compared to other imperialist powers. In recent years, other than their territorial defense rings, they have only been able to deploy military forces to carry out an "anti-piracy police action" in Somalia. With China they still apply containment and mainly collusion, but the struggle is absolute, as among other imperialists. In the Gulf region, China has not deployed any military force and its companies in Iraq, for example, are under US imperialism military protection, just as their insurance of energy supply in this region. Lastly, the Chinese revisionists acting as Khrushchev in the Cuban missile crisis (1961), in an adventurous and capitulatory way, established a new aviation security area overlapped with Japan┬┤s, Taiwan┬┤s and Korea┬┤s. Then the US imperialists sent two fighter jets who flew in the area established by China, so did the Japanese imperialists without asking any permission. When the Chinese Ministry of Defense, to save face, said they had accompanied these fighters; the Japanese imperialists said that China doesn┬┤t have a combat aircraft able to get close to his. We can see that in Southeast Asia, India is used to contain the Chinese penetration in Nepal and other neighboring countries on that side.

Economically, Russia has not recovered yet, as some claim, now in 2013, during the world recession they face acute problems that are reflected in devaluation of the ruble against the US Dollar, the Euro and the Japanese Yen and the rising inflation and lower prices of commodities in the world market. It has not recovered since the early '70s, the former Soviet Union economic crisis deepened, its economy fell below that of the Italian imperialism, the fourth largest economy in Western Europe. Now it occupies the 11th place worldwide and its GDP is slightly over Italy┬┤s. Russia besides being the second largest exporter of arms, after the United States, exports primarily oil, gas and metals and is an importer of machinery, heavy transport, chemical and electronics and electro-technical products. It is an exporter of capital. It is also necessary to weigh the following facts:┬а

"It has a 500 billion dollars reserve and a need for recovery in all investments areas close to that amount, which leads him to a dire need of capital and a strong inflationary development. Naturally, Russia strives after the fall of oil and gas prices, to obtain a better margin in that sector, in order to buy western technology and marketing. Therefore, it is quite dependent on the development of its own raw material base (...) The difficult Russia┬┤s financial situation is especially clear in the defense sector, while all other sectors are in similar situation (in 2009, our note) (...) the objective situation in the military sector of the Federation does not provide a basis for demonstration of global power and threatening signs. The military budget in 2007 was 35 billion US-Dollar, US military budget is around 547 billion US-Dollar and Germany to around 37 billion US-Dollar (...) The need for weapons of the Russian Armed Forces is extremely high, after years of low funding. The consequences of the current economic crisis has beaten, especially the Air Force. The inventory of aircraft between 2002 and 2010 fell down from 5100 to 2000. All MiG 29 should be removed from traffic. 70% of all airfields are in need of an urgent overhaul. A regimental commander earns less than 600 Euros (much less than they earn in Peru with that level of command of troops, our note). The biggest problem for the maintenance of the officers is the housing problem. 122,000 officers still lack housing, although the German government for the withdrawal of the Soviet Army in the former GDR provided them with a one billion Euros aid program. Corruption -a general problem of the country- is also a problem in the army. In 2008, criminal sentences were issued against 290 officers and eight generals. There is no money for the equipment with simple uniforms, and 40% of the buildings of the Armed Forces need urgent renovation. Seeing the financial problems, one cannot think of a complete military reform as is urgently needed. The announcements of increased military force that come from Moscow from time to time cannot be taken literally (...) The number of recruits available are not sufficient to cover soldiers vacant seats (...) The Russian federation is, with the U.S, the largest nuclear power in the world. That position does not change either, although its economic power is like Germany, France or England" (6). This quote is a bit long, but in many we cases we prefer to do this, sacrificing the exposure┬┤s agility, since one of the purposes of this study is to combat misinformation and distortion of the facts presented by the imperialists, reactionaries and revisionists, that serves the right-wing to try to make us lose our path.┬а

To be continued
______________________

(1)Tony Blair, My Way, London, 2010, editorial Hutchinson, p. 443. (2)Lenin: The imperialists, Highest Stage of Capitalism, Zurich, 1916 (3)Martin Wagner, "they are not at the same height, the powerful can use the law, the weak must comply it" in the German newspaper linked to the ruling party CDU. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, December 9, 2013. Nr 286 p. 7. (4)Handelsblatt, German journal of economics and finance, weekend 2. / 7/8. September 2013, The Costs of War, p. 54 and 55. (5)Handelsblatt cited edition, Steel Storm, p. 48 and 49 (6)Klaus Ashe, Where is Russia going ?, February 2009, pages 67-96, in Helmut Schmidt editor, In depth: New Contributions to Understanding our World Edition Pantheon, in April 2012, in German
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Babasahib was called "Bheemaasura"! DR. AMBEDKAR AND THE BURNING DOWN OF 'MANUSMRITI'

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TODAY DECEMBER XXV, DR. AMBEDKAR AND THE BURNING DOWN OF 'MANUSMRITI'

Posted by┬аThe Himalayan Voice:
[There was a strong reaction in Brahmanical press, Babasahib was called "Bheemaasura" by one paper. Dr. Ambedkar justified the burning of Manusmriti in various articles. He ridiculed those people that they have not read the Manusmriti, and declared that we will never accept it. For those who say it is an outdated booklet so why give importance to it, he invited attention to atrocities on Dalits and said, these are because Hindus are following this book. And further asked, if it is outdated, how does it matter to you if somebody burns it. For those who enquire, what is achieved by Dalits by burning it, he retorted, what M. Gandhi achieved by burning foreign clothes, what was achieved by burning "Dnyana-prakash" which published about marriage of Khan-Malini, what was achieved by those who burned Miss Mayo's book "Mother India" in New York, what was achieved by boycotting Simon Commission formed to frame political reforms? These were the forms of registering the protests, so was ours against Manusmriti.]

Dr. K. Jamanadas
Today is Christmas,25th of December. It is celebrated all over the Christian world as the birth of Jesus Christ. But for the whole world of Dalits, it is an important day as "Manu Smruti Dahan Din", as it was on this day in 1927 that Manusmruti was publicly burned down by Dr. Ambedkar, during the "Maha-Sangharsha" of Mahad Satyagraha, and is an important mile stone in Dalit struggle against Brahmanism. Let us all remember this day with pride.

Manuvadis had arranged that Ambedkar does not get a ground for meeting, but a Muslim gentleman, Mr. Fattekhan, gave his private land. They had arranged that no supplies of food, water or anything else could be bought, so everything was brought from outside by our men. The volunteers had to take a vow of five items:

1. I do not believe on Chaturvarna based on birth.

2. I do not believe in caste distinctions.

3. I believe that untouchability is an anathema on Hinduism and I will honestly try my best to completely destroy it.

4. Considering that there is no inequality, I will not follow any restrictions about food and drink among at least all Hindus.

5. I believe that untouchables must have equal rights in temples, water sources, schools and other amenities.

Dr. Ambedkar came from Bombay by boat "Padmavati" via Dasgaon port, instead of Dharamtar, though it is longer distance, because in the event of boycott by bus owners, they could walk down five miles to Mahad.

Some people later tried to say that Dr. Ambedkar decided to burn Manusmruti at the eleventh hour, as he had to withdraw the programme of drinking water from Chavadar Tank under court orders and persuasion by the Collector. That is not true, because right in front of the┬аpendal┬аof the meeting a┬а"vedi"┬аwas created beforehand to burn Manusmriti. Six people were labouring for two days to prepare it. A pit six inches deep and one and half foot square was dug in, and filled with sandle-wood pieces. On its four corners, poles were erected, bearing banners on three sides. Banners said,

1.┬а"Manusmriti chi dahan bhumi", i.e. Crematorium for Manusmriti.

2. Destroy Untouchability and┬а

3. Bury the Brahmanism.

On 25th December, 1927, at 9 p.m., the book of Manusmruti was kept on this and burned at the hands of Bapusahib Sahastrabuddhe and another five six dalit sadhus.

In the pendal, there as only one photo, and that was of M. Gandhi, so it seems, dalit leaders including Dr. Ambedkar had yet to be disillusioned at Gandhi. At the meeting there was Babasahib's historical speech. The main points of speech:

We have to understand why we are prevented from drinking water from this tank. He explained Chaturvarna, and declared that our struggle is to destroy the fetters of Chaturvarna, this was the starting point of the struggle for equality. He compared that meeting with the meeting of 24th Jan. 1789, when Loui XVI of France had called a meeting of French peoples representatives. This meeting killed king and queen, harassed and massacred the upper classes, remaining were banished, property of the rich was confiscated, and it started a fifteen year long civil war. People have not grasped the importance of this Revolution. This Revolution was the beginning of the prosperity of not only France but whole of Europe and has revolutionized the whole World. He explained French Revolution in detail. He then explained that our aim is not only to remove untouchabilty but to destroy chaturvarna, as the root cause lies there. He explained how Patricians deceived Plebeians in the name of religion. The root of untouchabilty lies in prohibition of inter-caste marriages, that we have to break, he thundered. He appealed to higher varnas to let this "Social Revolution" take place peacefully, discard the sastras, and accept the principle of justice, and he assured them peace from our side. Four resolutions were passed and a Declaration of Equality was pronounced. After this Manusmruti was burned as mentioned above.

There was a strong reaction in Brahmanical press, Babasahib was called "Bheemaasura" by one paper. Dr. Ambedkar justified the burning of Manusmruti in various articles. He ridiculed those people that they have not read the Manusmruti, and declared that we will never accept it. For those who say it is an outdated booklet so why give importance to it, he invited attention to atrocities on dalits and said, these are because Hindus are following this book. And further asked, if it is outdated, how does it matter to you if somebody burns it. For those who enquire, what is achieved by Dalits by burning it, he retorted, what M. Gandhi achieved by burning foreign clothes, what was achieved by burning "Dnyana-prakash" which published about marriage of Khan-Malini, what was achieved by those who burned Miss Mayo's book "Mother India" in New York, what was achieved by boycotting Simon Commission formed to frame political reforms? These were the forms of registering the protests, so was ours against Manusmriti.

He further declared, that if unfortunately, this burning of Manusmriti does not result in destruction of "Brahmanya", we will have to either burn the "brahmanya-grast" people (i.e. affected by brahmanism), or renounce Hinduism.

Let all of us pay tribute to this great day.

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Mail from Nepal:PM_KP Oli_Indian_Blockade Nepal must stand up against Indian blockade!

тЙл Next: Full Bloom Peshwa Raj! Bajirao Mastani! Kejri question diverted to Pakistan!ржмрж░рзНржЧрзА ржПрж▓рзЛ ржжрзЗрж╢рзЗ,ржЦрж╛ржЬржирж╛ ржжрзЗржм ржХрж┐рж╕рзЗ? Master Stroke!ржирж╛ ржХржЪрзБ? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ueqLQOm4KYc&feature=youtu.be RSS civil war is diverted to Islamabad because RSS might not afford the Duo! The choice is in between the FM and PM! It is on RSS to decided which one to save! Hatskshep is revived and it would continue as the global public hearing forum full of screams from every corner of humanity! Again a bad news,the Media Exposure portal Bhadas crashed last night and I talked to Yashwant and he confirmed,no technical error or deficit,the server is far better.I also talked to Amalendu last night and he said,the server might crash any time. It is the content which invites the selected surveillance and censorship robotically managed.Without ban or blockade or deletion,they may technically may stop uplinking,uploading and linking!Digital India! We are in Digital India Pinga Pinga! Peshwa raj in which no space for
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Mail from Nepal:PM_KP Oli_Indian_Blockade

Nepal must stand up against Indian blockade!

December 25, 2015

┬а

Subject: Nepal must stand up against Indian blockade!

┬а

Sammananiya Shree Khadga Prashad Oli Jee

Prime Minister, Government of Nepal

Singh Durbar, Kathmandu, Nepal

<┬аsharmaoli@gmail.com>

┬а

Sadar Namaste!

Happy Udhyauli / Yamari Punima / Jyapu Diwas / Christmas!!

┬а

We are ordinary Nepalese concerned with the hardship due to the illegal and immoral Indian blockade. The blockade is debilitating our health, transportation, and industries. However, we must stand up against this Indian aggression. It is not your choice, but today you are at the focus of our history. What you do or not do will have long term effects on Nepal and our future generation. You must uphold nationalism, democracy, pride in our heritage, and not bow to the Indian pressure. Please allow us to humbly and respectfully submit a few suggestions:

┬а

1. The people's wish expressed in the July poll┬аon the draft constitution must be published and honored. It is ratification and cannot be suppressed. Suppressing it is treason. It also will bring the people's wish into fore and will strengthen our nationalism and democracy. It also would solve many of our internal and external problems.

2. Agreements done under duress┬аaffecting whole nation┬аby individual leaders or parties are not valid. Such agreements are not binding to the future Governments and People. There must be referendum on important national issues for mandate.

3. The case in point is the 'Four points road map'┬аHonorable Kamal Thapa presented to India, and corresponding Constitution amendment being tabled in the CA. First, the 'road map' is the product of Indian blockade and Indian interference in our internal affairs. Second, the amendment is against Nepalese aspiration. Our constitution defines the constituencies as per both population and geography. It also has provisions for proportionate representations for marginalized groups. Those issues always can be debated, follow democratic process, and appropriate polices may be formulated. However, the current amendment is to recognize only population as the constituencies and ignores geography. It renders regional imbalance. It is being done under external and internal duress. It is done merely to placate violent groups. It is not a well thought amendment, and not through democratic process. Such amendments under duress simply invite more violence, and the voice of silent majority is silenced.

4. Major national issues must be┬аdiscussed for public information and referendum conducted for mandate. It is democracy, let informed people decide. Any major imposed decisions taken without mandate are not acceptable, and are treason. These issues must be put to referendum:

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аa. Democracy vs. Communism,┬а┬а

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аb. Hindu rastra vs. Secular,

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аc. United Nepal vs. Sanghiyata / Federal states, and

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аd. Parliamentary system vs. Mixed.

5. The prime responsibility┬аof any Government is to fight external aggressions and internal terror. If the Government is not willing or incapable of doing so, then it must resign.

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а A. Must open the Nepalese side of transit points using police / army, if need be.

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аB. Must mobilize parties, cadres, youth organizations to help police to keep law & order.

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аC. Must mobilize social organizations and media to explain the constitution to people.

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аD. The criminals, traitors, and their leaders obstructing the highways must be served justice.

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аE. Quislings and Lendups among politicians, media and administrators must be rooted out.

6. Sanghiyata is not our aspiration,┬аbut imposed from outside through Maoists terror. The imposition was to create the unprecedented ethnic frictions to weaken our national unity, to facilitate conversion and imposing communism. Poll after poll have shown that Nepalese people are opposed to Sanghiyata. There must be referendum on Sanghiyata. Otherwise, it does not have mandate and is not acceptable.

Sanghiyata was not the policy of any of our national parties. It was agreed by parties only under the duress of Maoist terror. It is not the decision of people. Parties must honor people's wish and reject agreements done under the duress.

7. Opening the routes to┬аand better trade relations with China must be done in priority basis. Posing deliberate obstacles must be considered treason.

8. Water Resources:┬аNepal has to develop our own water resources policy for the betterment of multitude of humanity in Nepal, India and the region. Nepal should coordinate our own concerned Ministries, Academia and Industries. Nepal also should request and coordinate with UNESCO's ICIMOD (<http://www.icimod.org/>; International Center for Integrated Mountain Development, Kathmandu). Perhaps ICIMOD could develop a project with international experts in hydrology, geology, civil engineering, environmental science, international water laws, sociologists etc. Let it be a shining example of international 'Win-Win' understandings.

9. In this time of crisis internal corruptions, black marketing etc. must be considered and dealt as treason.

10. The Government must take the case┬аof Indian blockade to SAARC, UNO and other appropriate international forums. Those institutions are quite aware of our plight. Yet, they cannot do anything without Nepal's appeal. Government must take diplomatic steps to report the aggression in these forums.

11.┬аPlease let us recite and practice the┬аMantra 'self reliance'┬аin our national policies and life.

┬а

Most sincerely,

Tilak B. Shrestha, Ph.D.

<tilakbs@hotmail.com>

Huntsville, Alabama, USA

┬а

CC:

HE Dr. Arjun Karki

Honorable Ambassador

E-mail: <AKarki@gmail.com>, Tel: 202-746-9988

Washington DC, USA

┬а

Reference:

1. India tells Nepal: Make seven changes to your Constitution

┬а┬а┬а┬аThe Indian Express, September 24, 2015

┬а┬а┬а┬аhttp://indianexpress.com/article/world/neighbours/make-seven-changes-to-your-constitution-address-madhesi-concerns-india-to-nepal/

2.┬ард╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░рдХреЛ┬ард╡рд┐рдзреЗрдпрдХрдорд╛┬ардЙрдкрдкреНрд░рдзрд╛рдирдордиреНрддреНрд░реАрдХреЛ┬ардкрд╛рд░реНрдЯреАрдХреЛ┬ард╡рд┐рд░реЛрдз

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬ардореЛрд╣рдирд╡рд┐рдХреНрд░рдо┬ард╕рд┐рдВрд╣,┬ардорд╣рд╛рдордиреНрддреНрд░реА,┬ардиреЗрдХрдкрд╛┬ардорд╕рд╛рд▓

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аRatopati, Dec. 18, 2015; Poush 3, 2072

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аhttp://www.ratopati.com/news/20151/

3. рднрд╛рд░рддрд╕рдБрдЧ рд╕рдореНрдорд╛рдирдЬрдирдХ рд╕рдореНрдмрдиреНрдзрдХреЛ 'рдлреНрд░реЗрдорд╡рд░реНрдХ',

┬а┬а┬ардЕрдорд┐рдд рдврдХрд╛рд▓,┬аSetopati, Dec. 25, 2015

┬а┬а┬а┬аhttp://setopati.com/bichar/38433/

4. The Indian Economic Blockade & Nepal's Strategic Re-think about its 'Special relations.'

┬а┬а┬а┬аMadhukar SJB Rana, Former Minister of Nepal, and Professor of Economics at

┬а┬а┬а┬аSouth Asian Institute of Management, Kathmandu; The Himalayan Voice, Nov. 25, 2015

┬а┬а┬а┬аhttp://thehimalayanvoice.blogspot.com/2015/11/the-indian-economic-blockade-and-nepals.html

5. Nepal blockade linked to Bihar votes and is 'disgraceful',

┬а┬а┬а┬аFormer Indian SC Justice Markandey Katju, The Statesman, November 3, 2015

http://www.thestatesman.com/news/india/nepal-blockade-linked-to-bihar-votes-says-katju/101369.html

6. How to lose a friend and alienate people

┬а┬а┬а┬аFormer Indian Home Minister P. Chidambaram, The Indian Express, December 6, 2015

┬а┬а┬а┬аhttp://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/across-the-aisle-how-to-lose-a-friend-and-alienate-people/

7. Modi government, not India, is blockading Nepal.

┬а┬а┬а┬аFormer Indian Minister Mani Shankar Aiyar

┬а┬а┬а┬аhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rb99bsPrm-E

8. Indian Politics and Propaganda against Nepal

┬а┬а┬а┬аAparajita Acharya, Setopati, Oct. 25, 2015

┬а┬а┬а┬аhttp://setopati.net/opinion/9903/Politics-and-Propaganda/

9. New Delhi pundits should read Nepal's constitution first

┬а┬а┬а┬аPost B. Basnet, Setopati, October 6, 2015

┬а┬а┬а┬аhttp://setopati.net/opinion/9647/#sthash.jV2v11k0.dpuf

10. Nation-wide poll conducted by Himal Media

┬а┬а┬а┬аAyesha Shakya, Nepali Times, August 14-20, 2015

┬а┬а┬а┬аhttp://nepalitimes.com/page/himalmedia-poll-outcome-august-2015

11. Nepal: Ethnicity-based Federalism - a Disaster

┬а┬а┬а┬аBihari K Shrestha, South Asian Outlook, June 2012

http://www.southasianoutlook.net/index.php/issue/2012/june-2012/191-nepal-ethnicity-based-federalism-a-disaster

12.┬ардиреЗрдкрд╛рд▓рдХрд╛рдирд┐рдореНрддрд┐┬ард╕рдВрдШрд┐рдпрддрд╛рдХрд╛┬ардХреБрд░рд╛┬ардлрдЯрд╛рд╣рд╛рд╣рд░реБрд▓реЗ┬ардмреЛрдХрд┐рд╣рд┐рдбреЗрдХрд╛┬ардкрд░рд╛рдЗрдХреЛ┬ардПрдЬреЗрдиреНрдбрд╛

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аBasant Lohani, Himalayan Voice, August 20, 2015

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аhttp://thehimalayanvoice.blogspot.com/2015/08/blog-post_20.html

13.┬ардордзреЗрд╕рд╡рд╛рджреАрд▓рд╛рдИ┬ард╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░рд▓реЗ┬ардЯрд╛рдЙрдХреЛ┬ардХрд╛рдЯреЗрд░┬арджрд┐рдирдорд╛рддреНрд░реИ┬ардмрд╛рдБрдХреА┬ардЫ┬а:┬ардмрд┐рдЬреБрдХреНрдЫреЗ(рдЕрдиреНрддрд░реНрд╡рд╛рд░реНрддрд╛)

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аhttp://www.onlinekhabar.com/2015/11/352363/

14.┬ард╡рд┐рд╢реНрд▓реЗрд╖рдг┬а:┬ард▓рд░реНрддрд░рд╛реЗ┬ардЫреИрди┬ардордзреЗрд╕┬ард╡рд┐рдЦрдгреНрдбрдирдХреЛ┬ардкреНрд░рд╛рд░реБрдк:

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬ард╕рд╛рдзреНрдпрдмрд╣рд╛рджреБрд░┬арднрдгреНрдбрд╛рд░реА;┬а┬а┬аOnline Khabar Nov. 24, 2015

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аhttps://www.youtube.com/subscription_manager

15.┬ардордзреЗрд╕┬ардЕрд▓рдЧ┬арджреЗрд╢┬ардХреЗ┬ардХреБрдЫ┬ард╡реНрдпрд╛рд╡рд╣рд╛рд░рд┐рдХ┬ардкрдХреНрд╖

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аMission Madhesh, Monday, November 23, 2015

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аhttp://missionmadhes.blogspot.com/2015/11/blog-post_23.html

16.┬арднрд╛рд░рддреАрдп┬ард╡рд┐рджреЗрд╢┬ардордиреНрддреНрд░рд╛рд▓рдпрджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛┬а'рдордзреЗрд╕┬ард╡рд┐рдЦрдгреНрдбрди'┬ардХреЛ┬ард╡рдХрд╛рд▓рдд┬ардЧрд░реНрдиреЗ┬ард╕рд╛рдордЧреНрд░реАрдкреНрд░рдЪрд╛рд░

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬ареирежренреи┬ардХрд╛рд░реНрддрд┐рдХ┬арезрел┬ардЧрддреЗ┬арезрем:реирез┬ардорд╛┬ардкреНрд░рдХрд╛рд╢рд┐рдд

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аhttp://www.onlinekhabar.com/2015/11/344344/

17.┬ардмрд╣рд╕┬а:┬ард╕рдВрдШреАрдпрддрд╛┬ард╕реНрдердЧрд┐рдд┬ардЧрд░реНрди┬ард╕рдореНрднрд╡┬ардЫ┬а?

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬ардЪрд┐рд░рдЮреНрдЬреАрд╡реА┬ардкреМрдбреЗрд▓;┬аOnline Khabar, Nov. 25, 2015

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аhttp://www.onlinekhabar.com/2015/11/354532/#comment-558290

16.┬ард╕рдВрдШреАрдпрддрд╛┬арддрддреНрдХрд╛рд▓рд▓рд╛рдИ┬ард╕реНрдердЧрд┐рдд┬ардЧрд░реНрди┬ардмреБрджреНрдзрд┐рдЬрд┐рд╡реАрд╣рд░реБрдХреЛ┬ард╕реБрдЭрд╛рд╡

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аOnline Khabar Nov. 22, 1015

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аhttp://www.onlinekhabar.com/2015/11/353183/

17.┬ардЕрдореЗрд░рд┐рдХреА┬ард░рд╛рд╖реНрдЯреНрд░рдкрддрд┐┬арднрд╡рди┬ардЕрдЧрд╛рдбрд┐┬ардиреЗрдкрд╛рд▓реАрджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛┬ардЕрд╣рд┐рд▓реЗрд╕рдореНрдордХреИ┬ардареВрд▓реЛ┬ардкреНрд░рд░реНрджрд╢рди

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аOnline Khabar, Nov. 23, 2015

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аhttp://www.onlinekhabar.com/2015/11/353455/


--
Pl see my blogs;


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Full Bloom Peshwa Raj! Bajirao Mastani! Kejri question diverted to Pakistan!ржмрж░рзНржЧрзА ржПрж▓рзЛ ржжрзЗрж╢рзЗ,ржЦрж╛ржЬржирж╛ ржжрзЗржм ржХрж┐рж╕рзЗ? Master Stroke!ржирж╛ ржХржЪрзБ? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ueqLQOm4KYc&feature=youtu.be RSS civil war is diverted to Islamabad because RSS might not afford the Duo! The choice is in between the FM and PM! It is on RSS to decided which one to save! Hatskshep is revived and it would continue as the global public hearing forum full of screams from every corner of humanity! Again a bad news,the Media Exposure portal Bhadas crashed last night and I talked to Yashwant and he confirmed,no technical error or deficit,the server is far better.I also talked to Amalendu last night and he said,the server might crash any time. It is the content which invites the selected surveillance and censorship robotically managed.Without ban or blockade or deletion,they may technically may stop uplinking,uploading and linking!Digital India! We are in Digital India Pinga Pinga! Peshwa raj in which no space for

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Full Bloom Peshwa Raj!

Bajirao Mastani!

Kejri question diverted to Pakistan!ржмрж░рзНржЧрзА ржПрж▓рзЛ ржжрзЗрж╢рзЗ,ржЦрж╛ржЬржирж╛ ржжрзЗржм ржХрж┐рж╕рзЗ?

Master Stroke!ржирж╛ ржХржЪрзБ?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ueqLQOm4KYc&feature=youtu.be


RSS civil war is diverted to Islamabad because RSS might not afford the Duo! The choice is in between the FM and PM! It is on RSS to decided which one to save!

Hatskshep is revived and it would continue as the global public hearing forum full of screams from every corner of humanity!


Again a bad news,the Media Exposure portal Bhadas crashed last night and I talked to Yashwant and he confirmed,no technical error or deficit,the server is far better.I also talked to Amalendu last night and he said,the server might crash any time.


It is the content which invites the selected surveillance and censorship robotically managed.Without ban or blockade or deletion,they may technically may stop uplinking,uploading and linking!Digital India!


We are in Digital India Pinga Pinga! Peshwa raj in which no space for freedom or dissent.It is all the way 1984.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LtM_HGGTCO4

Revisit Partition on Manusmruti Burning Day!

Palash Biswas

ржмрж░рзНржЧрзА ржПрж▓рзЛ ржжрзЗрж╢рзЗ,ржЦрж╛ржЬржирж╛ ржжрзЗржм ржХрж┐рж╕рзЗ?

Master Stroke!ржирж╛ ржХржЪрзБ?

Mr Prime Minister! Please reply Kejri question as he questions your validity as the leader of India!

[?]рдЬрд╕рдмреАрд░ рдЪрд╛рд╡рд▓рд╛,the poet wrote:

[?]рд╕рдиреНрджрд░реНрдн : рдкрд╛рдХрд┐рд╕реНрддрд╛рди рдпрд╛рддреНрд░рд╛[?]


рдЖрдЬ рдЙрдзрд░ рд╕реЗ рдмрд╛рд░рд╛рдд рдХреА рдЖрдордж рд╣реИ

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~


рдЬреЛ рддреЗрд░реА рд╣рдж рд╣реИ рд╡рд╣реА рдореЗрд░реА рд╣рдж рд╣реИ

рдлрд┐рд░ рдХреНрдпреЛрдВ рджреЛрдиреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдмреАрдЪ рд╕рд░рд╣рдж рд╣реИ


рдХрдБрдЯреАрд▓реЗ рддрд╛рд░ рд▓рдЧреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдореБрд▓реНрдХреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рджрд░рдорд┐рдпрд╛рдБ

рдХреНрдпрд╛ рдкрд░рд┐рдВрджреЛрдВ рдкреЗ рдХреЛрдИ рдкрд╛рдмрдВрджреА рдЖрдЗрдж рд╣реИ


рдлрд╝рдЦреНрд░ рд╕реЗ рдХрд╣реЗрдВрдЧреЗ рдПрдХ рдмрд╛рд░рд╛рдд рдЙрдзрд░ рдЧрдИ

рдЖрдЬ рдЙрдзрд░ рдЬрд╕реЗ рдмрд╛рд░рд╛рдд рдХреА рдЖрдордж рд╣реИ


рдЙрд╕ рдЧреИрд░ рдореБрд▓реНрдХреА рд╢рдЦреНрд╕ рдХреА рдмрд╛рдЬрд╝реВ рдЯрдЯреЛрд▓реА

рдЙрд╕ рдкрд░ рднреА рдмрдВрдзрд╛ рдореЗрд░реЗ рдЬреИрд╕рд╛ рддрд╛рд╡реАрдЬрд╝ рд╣реИ


рд╡реЛ рд╕реАрдиреЗ рд╕реЗ рд▓рдЧрд╛ рдФрд░ рдкреНрдпрд╛рд░ рд╕реЗ рдмреЛрд▓рд╛

рдпрд╛рд░ рддреЗрд░реА рдЬреБрдмрд╛рдВ рдореЗрдВ рднреА рд╡рд╣реА рд╢рд╣рдж рд╣реИ

ржмрж░рзНржЧрзА ржПрж▓рзЛ ржжрзЗрж╢рзЗ,ржЦрж╛ржЬржирж╛ ржжрзЗржм ржХрж┐рж╕рзЗ?

Tribute to Golden Era ┬аSilver Screen queen Sadhan who is no more.She ruled the silver screen during sixties before the disillusionment. Sadhna is no more.She ruled our youth,played roles of our love and romance with classical musicality in Indian Cinema representing tolerance and pluralism.

It is full bloom Pehsawa raj!As it is showcased in Bajirao Mastani in Mughale Azam Mode with effects for the self destruction of Devdas.It is the story of Indian diplomacy in turmil ,ethnic cleansing as the Bergies led by Bhashkar Pundit attacked Bengal!


Pakistan is often used to invoke blind Nationalism! Pakistan is misused with unscheduled landing of the luxury plane of Indian prime Minister in Islamabad with business interest agenda apparently but he skipped the challenge by Kejriwal and Kirti Azad at home to undermine the ideology of purity,ethics and morality,the cover pages of brute Manusmriti agenda of Hindutva.

Modi was selected by RSS as he pledged his commitment to hard core Hindutva for which he kept mum on intolerance and Beef Ban Arabian Spring.The Beef Ban has always been on RSS agenda followed by Ram Mandir agenda and Gujarat ethnic cleansing!

The Prime Minister is on eternal flight and he has to answer nature`s call visiting so often abroad and it has always been diplomatic disaster as in Nepal which ended in economic blockade of Nepal.We have to wait for the outcome of this unscheduled Islamabad visit without any discussion at home and the cabinet,the parliament and the ministry of foreign affairs remaining in darkness.


It is amusing that RSS ally Shivsena linked this visit to Daud as coincidentally it was also an occasion to celebrate Daud birthday in Pakistan.We would never know the truth until the Prime Minister speaks the truth as some sections also linked the visit to business interest of no one else but Adani!


Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal spoke in the Delhi Assembly after defamation lawsuits were filed against him and other AAP leaders by Finance Minister Arun Jaitley after the party alleged corruption in the Delhi cricket body which Mr Jaitley headed for 13 years. He attacked Narendra Modi-led BJP government over not extending any cooperation or support for the development of state.


I demand PM Modi's resignation, says Arvind Kejriwal!https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6rulq3IKyHg

Kejriwal was speaking in Delhi Assmbly and the minutes are recorded.It was LIVE Telecast.It is offically the part of history.Then BJP MP Kirti Azad revolt aginst the FM has virtually lauched a civil war in RSS,the most disciplined institution of Peshwa Raj Hindutva agend of a Hindu nation as well a Hindu Globe!


But the prime minister has no replied either Kejriwal or Kirti Azad as yet.He is in NRI Mode as Global leader of Manusmriti Hegemony Hindutva pushing hard economic reforms as well as the hardcore hindutva of intolerance!It is full bloom Peshwa Raj,celebrated very well by Sanjay Leela Bhansali of tolerance brigade!


My earlier post on Peshwa raj may not open even on my PC with which I may upload a video for even two hours without any interruption because it is a WI FI zone after Park Steert in Kolkata so I may not shift forom Sodepur but I am unable to open the Peshwa raj Post and I have to speak yet again to explain the full bloom Peshwa raj in India with its governance of business friendly ┬аand Jhumka Gire re Bareilly ke Bazar mein all the time and the PM on eternal flight skipping all the relevant questions and his responsibility to the Parliament and the Indian People.


For your information ,Hatskshep is revived and it would continue as the global public hearing forum full of screams from every corner of humanity!


Again a bad news,the Media Exposure portal Bhadas crashed last night and I talked to Yashwant and he confirmed,no technical error or deficit,the server is far better.I also talked to Amalendu last night and he said,the server might crash any time.


It is the content which invites the selected surveillance and censorship robotically managed.Without ban or blockade or deletion,they may technically may stop uplinking,uploading and linking!Digital India!


We are in Digital India Pinga Pinga!Peshwa raj in which no space for freedom or dissent.It is all the way 1984.


I am shocked to know that we stand alone.We have been crying to help the alternative media including Hastakshep,Samkaaleen Teesri dunia and Counter Currents.


No one responded.I was not that shocked.But Hastakshep shattered down for almost a week.No one reacted.Not even those ,whom we do represent.


It is shocking.


For me,I try to circulate and share everything written and posted by anyone if the issue seems to be relevant and we try to publish every bit of it.But it seems to be worthless thankless job done by me all these years as I engaged myself in nonsense.


I share and publish without caring copyright infringement to invite ban and deletion if it looks relevant to public cause irrespective of color,irrespective of my opinion on the issue as we believe in dissent and discussion.


Whom I try to get attention,even those people cares NEVER what issues and points we do raise.



It had been always disappointing for me.


But we continued the worthless job and it is almost four decades for me.


I belong to the Himalayas and there we never stop scaling the hills and rivers.


I am not going to stop because I know I have miles to go.


But I always expected support for alternative media which I find none.


Sorry to disturb you for nothing!


RSS civil war is diverted to Islamabad because RSS might not afford the Duo! The choice is in between the FM and PM! It is on RSS to decided which one to save!


Aajtak shared this news on social media!

RSS might not afford the Duo!It is just like streamlining the human resources as it is happening in every sector in accordance to productivity linked seventh pay commission.The institution has no record that it loved individual even like Atal and Advani.


Senior BJP Leaders Meet To Discuss Kirti Azad Suspension ...

Video for BJP Seniors to meet AzadтЦ╢ 3:23

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YLF8d1tvVQk

6 hours ago - Uploaded by India Today

BJP's Margdarshak Mandal is meeting at Murali Manohar Joshi's residence to discuss the suspension of ...

Advani, other BJP veterans discuss Kirti Azad's suspension ...

Video for BJP Seniors to meet AzadтЦ╢ 0:52

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t30c_rKw_3Q

3 hours ago - Uploaded by InKhabar

BJP veterans L K Advani, Murli Manohar Joshi, Shanta Kumar and ... Bahas: BJP seniors, including L K ...

Congress leaders to meet at Azad's residence shortly ...

Video for BJP Seniors to meet AzadтЦ╢ 0:37

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p2LCBAVoTMU

5 days ago - Uploaded by ANI News

Congress leaders to meet at Azad's residence shortly ... He also said that during the elections, the BJP's ..

RSS might not afford the Duo!It is just lik estreamlining the human resources as it is happening in every sector in accordance to productivity linked seventh pay commission.The institution has no record that it loved individual even like Atal and Advani.

RSS might not afford the Duo!

The choice is in between the FM and PM!

It is on RSS to decided which one to save!


Cricketer-turned-politician Kirti Azad, who has been suspended by the BJP after his unprecedented offensive against Finance Minister Arun Jaitley, said today that he wanted answers from Prime Minister Narendra Modi. "I want the PM to tell me ..!.Meanwhile, Clean Sports (CSI), a movement for corruption-free sports, today offered its support to cricketer-turned-politician Kirti Azad who has been suspended by the BJP for leading a campaign against Finance Minister Arun Jaitley


RSS might not afford DDCA Trap anymore!Arvind Kejriwal called the Prime Minister by name and challenged his integrity and the government expenditure on his trending suit and NRI status.Mind you,Kejriwal has also got the mandate and he has such a thumping majority in Delhi assembly,the single BJP MLA had to do nothing but to opt for walk out.


It is the chief minister of an Indian Chief Minister who was screaming on high pitched musicality to press the resignation of the Prime Minster and the minute is recorded which makes it a history.


The Prime Minister could not contradict as he has no spare time to address the crucial issues as a global leader.He is the real friend of Obama and Putin,Home affairs never happened to be his headache as he is engaged in business friendly governance of free flow of foreign capital and foreign interest.


Nothing might disturb his meditation yoga mode of development and growth PPP model Gujarati.


The Prime Minister skipped the Beef Ban Arabian Spring controversy and spoke abroad to communicate his branded historical and cultural sense and aesthetics with suiting body language.


He never cares about protocol whatsoever and never cares to sustain the sanctity of National Flag or National Anthem as he is such a refined patriotic personality working round the clock for Acche Din and his Fifty Six inch Sina is ballooned with Hindutva and the make this globe Hindu agenda of RSS.


Thus,RSS has to handle this civil war home ground and Kirti Azad has opened the Pandora`s box and we are amazed to see that he is getting support within the party even after suspension!


Scenario is quite entertaining as the court scenes have to follow and we may opt to skip even Dilwale and bajirao Mastani!


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Pl see my blogs;


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Mail from Nepal:Modi, Swaraj and Indian blockade of Nepal! Nepal was, is and always will be the sovereign nation. Full Bloom Peshwa Raj! Bajirao Mastani! Kejri question diverted to Pakistan!ржмрж░рзНржЧрзА ржПрж▓рзЛ ржжрзЗрж╢рзЗ,ржЦрж╛ржЬржирж╛ ржжрзЗржм ржХрж┐рж╕рзЗ? Master Stroke!ржирж╛ ржХржЪрзБ? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ueqLQOm4KYc&feature=youtu.be Palash Biswas

тЙл Next: рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХреА рдореБрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдореБрдордХрд┐рди рдирд╣реАрдВ рдФрд░ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХреА рдореБрдХреНрддрд┐ рдирд╣реАрдВ! рдЬрд╛рддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдЦрд╛рддреНрдореЗ рдХреА рд▓рдбрд╝рд╛рдИ рдХреЛ рднреА рд╡рд░реНрдЧ рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖ рдХрд╛ рд╣реА рд╣рд┐рд╕реНрд╕рд╛ рдорд╛рдирдирд╛ рдЬрд░реВрд░реА рд╣реИ! -рдЕрдирд┐рд░реНрдмрд╛рдг, рдЕрдиреБрднрд╡, рдЖрд╢реНрд╡рдереА, рдЙрдлрдХ, рдЙрдорд░, рдЧреЛрдЧреЛрд▓, рдкреНрд░рд┐рдп рдзрд░реНрд╢рд┐рдиреА, рдмрдиреЛрдЬреНрдпреЛрддреНрд╕рдирд╛, рд░реЗрдпрд╛рдЬ, рд░реБрдмреАрдирд╛, рд╕реНрд░реАрд░реВрдкрд╛
тЙк Previous: Full Bloom Peshwa Raj! Bajirao Mastani! Kejri question diverted to Pakistan!ржмрж░рзНржЧрзА ржПрж▓рзЛ ржжрзЗрж╢рзЗ,ржЦрж╛ржЬржирж╛ ржжрзЗржм ржХрж┐рж╕рзЗ? Master Stroke!ржирж╛ ржХржЪрзБ? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ueqLQOm4KYc&feature=youtu.be RSS civil war is diverted to Islamabad because RSS might not afford the Duo! The choice is in between the FM and PM! It is on RSS to decided which one to save! Hatskshep is revived and it would continue as the global public hearing forum full of screams from every corner of humanity! Again a bad news,the Media Exposure portal Bhadas crashed last night and I talked to Yashwant and he confirmed,no technical error or deficit,the server is far better.I also talked to Amalendu last night and he said,the server might crash any time. It is the content which invites the selected surveillance and censorship robotically managed.Without ban or blockade or deletion,they may technically may stop uplinking,uploading and linking!Digital India! We are in Digital India Pinga Pinga! Peshwa raj in which no space for
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Mail from Nepal:Modi, Swaraj and Indian blockade of Nepal!┬а

Nepal was, is and always will be the sovereign nation.

Full Bloom Peshwa Raj!

Bajirao Mastani!

Kejri question diverted to Pakistan!ржмрж░рзНржЧрзА ржПрж▓рзЛ ржжрзЗрж╢рзЗ,ржЦрж╛ржЬржирж╛ ржжрзЗржм ржХрж┐рж╕рзЗ?

Master Stroke!ржирж╛ ржХржЪрзБ?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ueqLQOm4KYc&feature=youtu.be

Palash Biswas

We lost the Himalayan advantage and Indian diplomacy with the Prime minister hijacking the minister of foreign affairs,always on eternal luxury flight to answer natural call perhaps has worsened the case for Indian diplomacy.Nepal result is a miserable failure and we never know what would be the outcome of the unscheduled Islamabad failure.


I have addressed this issue in my latest talk why the Prime Minster keeps wild accusation and abuse against him.

Latest hype created by media seems to be grand alliance of India,Pakistan and Bangladesh.We all would support this if it comes true?

But the puzzle for me remains a discomforting question why Nepal has been excluded from this grand alliance!Have we lost Nepal as our friend and neighbour as well?


More over latest media report tells about Madhesh leaders meeting EX Nepal PM,our dearest comrade and Madheshi leaders are reluctant to give in even after the assurance of amendment in the new constitution!

Then Nepal is allowing free VISA for Chinese citizens!

Here I got the latest mail from Nepal which I share!
Dear Palash Jee
Namaste!
If you would, please forward the following letters to the interested Indian friends.┬а
Thanks, Tilak Shrestha, Ph.D.
______________________________________________________________________________________


December 25, 2015

Subject: Modi, Swaraj and Indian blockade of Nepal

Tilak B. Shrestha, Ph.D., <tilakbs@hotmail.com>


Dear Indian Friends,

Namaste!

I was a great Modi fan, argued for him, watched the election results without sleeping, and went to temple to thank God.┬аNepalese love and honor of Modi in his visit to Nepal was unprecedented.┬аHowever, unfortunately his actions speak louder, and he is Strangulating Nepal. The blockade of medicine, petroleum and other products are damaging our health care, transportation, and industries. Here are the issues to consider:

A. Nepalese love and honor of Modi.┬аMemorable moments PM Modi in Nepal

B. Modi strangulation is due┬аto his intervention in the internal affairs of Nepal.

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а1. India tells Nepal: Make seven changes to Constitution, Indian Express,Sept 24., 2015

C. Indian blockade is illegal and immoral.┬аBecause even fuel and medicine are blockaded our hospitals, industries and transportation are affected.

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а2. Nepal blockade linked to Bihar votes and is 'disgraceful',

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аFormer Indian SC Justice Markandey Katju, The Statesman, November 3, 2015

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а3. How to lose a friend and alienate people

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аFormer Indian Home Minister P. Chidambaram, The Indian Express, December 6, 2015

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а4. Modi government, not India, is blockading Nepal.

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аFormer Indian Minister Mani Shankar Aiyar

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rb99bsPrm-E

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а5. Punishing Nepal: India's policy is shameful, dangerous and self-defeating.

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аEconomic & Political Weekly, Editorial, Dec. 19, 2015

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аhttp://www.epw.in/journal/2015/51/editorials/punishing-nepal.html

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а6.┬а┬ардиреЗрдкрд╛рд▓┬ардХреЗ┬ардордзреЗрд╕реА┬ардХрд╛рд░реНрдпрдХрд░реНрддрд╛рдУрдБ┬ардХреЗ┬ард▓рд┐рдП┬арднрд╛рдЬрдкрд╛┬ардиреЗрддрд╛┬ардорд╣реЗрд╢┬ардЕрдЧреНрд░рд╡рд╛рд▓┬ардХрд╛┬ардореЗрд╕рдмрдиреНрдж

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬ардиреЗрдкрд╛рд▓┬ардХреЗ┬ардордзреЗрд╕реА┬ардХрд╛рд░реНрдпрдХрд░реНрддрд╛рдУрдБ┬ардХрд╛┬ард╕рд╛рде┬ард░рдХреНрд╕реЛрд▓┬ардХреЗ┬ард╕реНрдерд╛рдиреАрдп┬ард▓реЛрдЧреЛрдБ┬арджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛рд╡рд┐рд░реЛрдз┬а

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аHastakshep (рд╣рд╕реНрддрдХреНрд╖реЗрдк), November 4, 2015

D. Indian propaganda┬аthat somehow our constitution discriminates, especially Madheshis, is baseless.┬аMatter of fact, Nepalese constitution is much more progressive than Indian, with provision for special proportional representation.Here are the facts:

┬а┬а┬а┬а I. The constitution was promulgated by Honorable President Dr. Ram Baran Yadav along with Honorable Vice-President Parmanand Jha, both Madheshi. On the another hand, all 4 of the agitating leaders Mahendra Yadav, Rajendra Mahato, Mahanta Thakur and Upendra Yadav, are election losers in their own constituencies.

┬а┬а┬а II.┬аThe constitution is approved and signed by over 90% of the legislators including 67 Madheshis (27 opposed), 39 Dalits (1 opposed), and 120 Janajatis (1 opposed).

┬а┬а┬а III.┬аMadheshi Morcha does not represent Madheshi people: There are 112 constituencies where the Madhesis are dominant or have a significant presence. Only 11 members among them are opposed to the new Constitution.

┬а┬а┬а IV.┬аAll people living in Terai are not Madheshi. There are indigenous people: Tharu, Dhimal, Rajbanshi, Satar, Danuwar, Darai, Kumhal, Majhi, Raji & others; and hill people moving south within own country.

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а7. Indian Politics and Propaganda against Nepal

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аAparajta Acharya, Setopati, Oct. 25, 2015

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аhttp://setopati.net/opinion/9903/Politics-and-Propaganda/

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а8. New Delhi pundits should read Nepal's constitution first

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аPost B. Basnet, Setopati, October 6, 2015

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аhttp://setopati.net/opinion/9647/#sthash.jV2v11k0.dpuf

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а9. India Exposed, Dr. Prakash Chandra Lohani, Former Minister

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аRepublica, November 2, 2015

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аhttp://www.myrepublica.com/opinion/story/30260/india-exposed.html

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а10. Nation-wide poll conducted by Himal Media

┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬а┬аAyesha Shakya, Nepali Times, August 14-20, 2015


Nepal was, is and always will be the sovereign nation. We are protected by Divine Shree Pashupati Nath. We survived Mughal Empire, Chinese Empire, British Empire, and will survive Modi government.

The Indian aggression is not free. The universe is governed by the law of Karma. We will remember. International community will remember. As is, in Delhi turn around 360 degree and see how many friends you have. Indian strangulation forces us to look to China. We are in the process of opening routes to and expand trade relations with China.

We love and wish the best to the Indian people, despite Ravan Modi and his sister Surpanakha Swaraj.

With heavy heart,

Tilak B. Shrestha, Ph.D.


--
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тЖз

рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХреА рдореБрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдореБрдордХрд┐рди рдирд╣реАрдВ рдФрд░ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХреА рдореБрдХреНрддрд┐ рдирд╣реАрдВ! рдЬрд╛рддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдЦрд╛рддреНрдореЗ рдХреА рд▓рдбрд╝рд╛рдИ рдХреЛ рднреА рд╡рд░реНрдЧ рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖ рдХрд╛ рд╣реА рд╣рд┐рд╕реНрд╕рд╛ рдорд╛рдирдирд╛ рдЬрд░реВрд░реА рд╣реИ! -рдЕрдирд┐рд░реНрдмрд╛рдг, рдЕрдиреБрднрд╡, рдЖрд╢реНрд╡рдереА, рдЙрдлрдХ, рдЙрдорд░, рдЧреЛрдЧреЛрд▓, рдкреНрд░рд┐рдп рдзрд░реНрд╢рд┐рдиреА, рдмрдиреЛрдЬреНрдпреЛрддреНрд╕рдирд╛, рд░реЗрдпрд╛рдЬ, рд░реБрдмреАрдирд╛, рд╕реНрд░реАрд░реВрдкрд╛

тЙл Next: рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рдмреЗрд╣рд┐рд╕рд╛рдм рджреЛрд╕реНрдд рдкрдВрдХрдЬ рд╕рд┐рдВрд╣ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рддрдорд╛рдо рдкреНрд░рд┐рдп рд▓реЛрдЧ рдПрдХ рдПрдХ рдХрд░рдХреЗ рдЕрд▓рд╡рд┐рджрд╛ рдХрд╣ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдФрд░ рдЕрдХреЗрд▓реЗ рдореЗрдВ рд╣рдо рдирд┐рд╣рддреНрдерд╛ рдЪрдХреНрд░рд╡реНрдпреВрд╣ рдореЗрдВ рдлрдВрд╕реЗ рд╣реБрдП рд╣реИрдВред1984 рдЪрд╛рдХрдЪреМрдмрдВрдж рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рд╕рд╛рд░реЗ рд╣рдерд┐рдпрд╛рд░ рдЪреВрдХ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВредрд╣рдо рд▓рд╣реВрд▓реБрд╣рд╛рди рд╣реИ рдПрдХрджрдо рдкрдВрдХрдЬ рд╕рд┐рдВрд╣ рдХреА рддрд░рд╣ред
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рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХреА рдореБрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдореБрдордХрд┐рди рдирд╣реАрдВ рдФрд░┬а
рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХреА рдореБрдХреНрддрд┐ рдирд╣реАрдВ!


рдЬрд╛рддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдЦрд╛рддреНрдореЗ рдХреА рд▓рдбрд╝рд╛рдИ рдХреЛ рднреА рд╡рд░реНрдЧ рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖ рдХрд╛ рд╣реА рд╣рд┐рд╕реНрд╕рд╛ рдорд╛рдирдирд╛ рдЬрд░реВрд░реА рд╣реИ!
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-рдЕрдирд┐рд░реНрдмрд╛рдг, рдЕрдиреБрднрд╡, рдЖрд╢реНрд╡рдереА, рдЙрдлрдХ, рдЙрдорд░, рдЧреЛрдЧреЛрд▓,┬а
рдкреНрд░рд┐рдп рдзрд░реНрд╢рд┐рдиреА, рдмрдиреЛрдЬреНрдпреЛрддреНрд╕рдирд╛, рд░реЗрдпрд╛рдЬ, рд░реБрдмреАрдирд╛, рд╕реНрд░реАрд░реВрдкрд╛

рджреБрдирд┐рдпрд╛ рдХреЗ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рднреА рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдХреА рддрд░рд╣ рднрд╛рд░рддреАрдп рдЙрдкрдорд╣рд╛рджреНрд╡реАрдк рдореЗрдВ рднреА рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдХрд╛ рдЪрд░рд┐рддреНрд░ рдЗрд╕рдХреА рдЕрдкрдиреА рдРрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕рд┐рдХ рдЦрд╛рд╕рд┐рдпрддреЛрдВ рдФрд░ рдЙрддреНрдкрд╛рджрди рдХреЗ рддрд░реАрдХреЗ (рдореЛрдб рдСрдл рдкреНрд░реЛрдбрдХреНрд╢рди) рдХреЗ рдЬрд░рд┐рдП рддрдп рд╣реЛрддрд╛ рд╣реИ. рдпрд╣рд╛рдВ рдХреЗ рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдореЗрдВ рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдХреА рдмреБрдирд┐рдпрд╛рдж рдЕрднреА рднреА рдордЬрдмреВрддреА рд╕реЗ рдмреНрд░рд╛рд╣реНрдордгрд╡рд╛рджреА рд╕рд╛рдордВрддрд╡рд╛рдж рдкрд░ рдЯрд┐рдХреА рд╣реБрдИ рд╣реИ, рдФрд░ рдЗрд╕рдХрд╛ рд╕рд╛рдореНрд░рд╛рдЬреНрдпрд╡рд╛рджреА рдмрдбрд╝реА рдкреВрдВрдЬреА рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рдЧрдВрдардЬреЛрдбрд╝ рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдХреЛ рдФрд░ рдордЬрдмреВрддреА рджреЗрддрд╛ рд╣реИ. рдпрд╣рд╛рдВ рддрдХ рдХрд┐ рдЬрд╛рддрд┐ рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛ рдХреЛ рдХрд╛рдпрдо рд░рдЦрдиреЗ рдореЗрдВ рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рддрдерд╛ рдЙрдирдХреА рдпреМрдирд┐рдХрддрд╛ рдкрд░ рдирд┐рдпрдВрддреНрд░рдг рдХреЛ рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рдПрдХ рд╕рд░рд╕рд░реА рд╕рдордЭрджрд╛рд░реА рднреА рдЗрд╕рдХреЛ рдЙрдЬрд╛рдЧрд░ рдХрд░рддреА рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдХреИрд╕реЗ рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рдХреЛ рдкреНрд░рднреБрддреНрд╡рд╢рд╛рд▓реА рдЕрд░реНрдз-рдФрдкрдирд┐рд╡реЗрд╢рд┐рдХ рд╕рд╛рдорд╛рдЬрд┐рдХ рд╕рдВрдмрдВрдзреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рджрд╛рдпрд░реЗ рд╕реЗ рдмрд╛рд╣рд░ рд░рдЦ рдХрд░ рдирд╣реАрдВ рджреЗрдЦрд╛ рдЬрд╛ рд╕рдХрддрд╛, рдХреНрдпреЛрдВрдХрд┐ рдпрд╣реА рд╕рдВрдмрдВрдз рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдЕрд▓рдЧ рд▓рд┐рдВрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдмреАрдЪ рдореЗрдВ рдЧреИрд░ рдмрд░рд╛рдмрд░ рд╢рдХреНрддрд┐ рд╕рдВрдмрдВрдзреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рддрдп рдХрд░рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ. рдФрд░ рдЗрд╕рд▓рд┐рдП,┬а рдЬрд┐рд╕ рддрд░рд╣ рдЕрд░реНрдз рдФрдкрдирд┐рд╡реЗрд╢рд┐рдХ рднреВрд╕рдВрдмрдВрдзреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдареАрдХ рд╣реА рд╡рд░реНрдЧ рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖ рдХрд╛ рд╣рд┐рд╕реНрд╕рд╛ рдорд╛рдирд╛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ, рдЙрд╕реА рддрд░рд╣ рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХреА рдореБрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХреА рд▓рдбрд╝рд╛рдИ рдФрд░ рдЬрд╛рддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдЦрд╛рддреНрдореЗ рдХреА рд▓рдбрд╝рд╛рдИ рдХреЛ рднреА рд╡рд░реНрдЧ рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖ рдХрд╛ рд╣реА рд╣рд┐рд╕реНрд╕рд╛ рдорд╛рдирдирд╛ рдЬрд░реВрд░реА рд╣реИ.

рдЬреЗрдВрдбрд░ рдФрд░ рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдкрд░ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐рдХрд╛рд░реА рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рди рдХреЗ рдирдЬрд░рд┐рдП рдХреА рдЖрд▓реЛрдЪрдирд╛-1

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рд╕рди 2004 рдореЗрдВ рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛ рд╕рдВрдЧрдардиреЛрдВ рдФрд░ рдХрд╛рд░реНрдпрдХрд░реНрддрд╛рдУрдВ рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐рдХрд╛рд░реА рдПрдЬреЗрдВрдбреЗ рдореЗрдВ рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЬрдЧрд╣ рдХреЛ рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐рдХрд╛рд░реА рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рди рдХреА рдмрдврд╝рддреА рд╣реБрдИ рдЖрд▓реЛрдЪрдирд╛ рдХреЗ рдорджреНрджреЗрдирдЬрд░ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐рдХрд╛рд░реА рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рди рдХреА рдУрд░ рд╕реЗ рдЗрд╕ рдореБрджреНрджреЗ рдкрд░ рдПрдХ рдмрд╛рддрдЪреАрдд рдХреА рдкрд╣рд▓ рдХреА рдЧрдИ (рдЗрдХреЛрдиреЙрдорд┐рдХ рдПрдВрдб рдкреЛрд▓рд┐рдЯрд┐рдХрд▓ рд╡реАрдХрд▓реА, 6 рдирд╡рдВрдмрд░, 2004). рдпрд╣ рдмрд╛рддрдЪреАрдд рдЬрд╣рд╛рдВ рд░рдЦреА рдЧрдИ, рд╡рд╣рд╛рдВ рджреЛ рдмреИрдирд░ рд▓рдЧрд╛рдП рдЧрдП рдереЗ, рдЬрд┐рди рдкрд░ рдпрд╣ рдирд╛рд░рд╛ рд▓рд┐рдЦрд╛ рд╣реБрдЖ рдерд╛: "рдордЬрджреВрд░ рд╡рд░реНрдЧ рдХреА рдореБрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдФрд░рддреЛрдВ рдХреА рдЖрдЬрд╛рджреА рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реЛ рд╕рдХрддреА."рдЗрд╕рдХрд╛ рдорддрд▓рдм рдпрд╣ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХреА рдореБрдХреНрддрд┐ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реЛрдЧреА. рджреВрд╕рд░реЗ рдмреИрдирд░ рдкрд░ рд▓рд┐рдЦрд╛ рдерд╛ "рдФрд░рддреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдирд╣реАрдВ". рдЗрди рдирд╛рд░реЛрдВ рдХреЛ рд╕рд░рд╕рд░реА рдирдЬрд░ рд╕реЗ рджреЗрдЦрдиреЗ рдкрд░ рд╢рд╛рдпрдж рд╢рдмреНрджреЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рдмрд╛рд░реАрдХ рдмрджрд▓рд╛рд╡ рдкрд░ рдирдЬрд░ рди рдЬрд╛рдП, рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдЕрд╕рд▓ рдореЗрдВ рдпреЗ рдирд╛рд░реЗ рдРрд╕реЗ рд╣реЛрдиреЗ рдЪрд╛рд╣рд┐рдП рдереЗ: "рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХреА рдореБрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдореБрдордХрд┐рди рдирд╣реАрдВ"рдФрд░ "рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХреА рдореБрдХреНрддрд┐ рдирд╣реАрдВ". рдЗрдирдореЗрдВ рд╕реЗ рдХреЛрдИ рднреА рдПрдХ рдирд╛рд░рд╛, рджреВрд╕рд░реЗ рдХреЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдмреЗрдорд╛рдиреА рд╣реИ. рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдПрдХ рдкреНрд░рдХреНрд░рд┐рдпрд╛ рд╣реИ рдЬрд┐рд╕рдореЗрдВ рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдФрд░ рдЙрддреНрдкреАрдбрд╝рдирдХрд╛рд░реА рд▓реИрдВрдЧрд┐рдХ рд░рд┐рд╢реНрддреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдЦрд┐рд▓рд╛рдл рд▓рдбрд╝рд╛рдИ рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдХреЗ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐рдХрд╛рд░реА рдмрджрд▓рд╛рд╡ рдХрд╛ рдРрд╕рд╛ рд╣рд┐рд╕реНрд╕рд╛ рд╣реИ, рдЬрд┐рд╕рдХреЛ рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИ. рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рд╣рдо рдкрд╛рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдХрд┐ рдЗрд╕ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рдкрд░ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐рдХрд╛рд░реА рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рди рдХрд╛ рд░рд╡реИрдпрд╛ рдРрд╕рд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдЗрд╕рдиреЗ рдРрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕рд┐рдХ рдкреНрд░рдХреНрд░рд┐рдпрд╛рдУрдВ рдХреА рдорд╛рд░реНрдХреНрд╕рд╡рд╛рджреА-рд▓реЗрдирд┐рдирд╡рд╛рджреА рд╕рдордЭрджрд╛рд░реА рдХреЛ рд╣реА рдкрд▓рдЯ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рд╣реИ. рдпрд╣рд╛рдВ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдЖрдк рдореЗрдВ рд╣реА рдПрдХ рдордХрд╕рдж рд╣реЛ рдЧрдИ рд╣реИ, рдЬрд┐рд╕рдХреЛ рдЕрдЧрд░ рдПрдХрдмрд╛рд░ рд╣рд╛рд╕рд┐рд▓ рдХрд░ рд▓рд┐рдпрд╛ рдЧрдпрд╛ рддреЛ рдЗрд╕рдХреЗ рдирддреАрдЬреЗ рдореЗрдВ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдЖрдк рд╣реА рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХреА рдореБрдХреНрддрд┐ рд╣реЛ рдЬрд╛рдПрдЧреА. рдЬрдмрдХрд┐ рдЗрд╕рдХреЗ рдЙрд▓рдЯ, рдЕрд╕рд▓ рдореЗрдВ рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛, рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рддрд┐ рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛, рдХреЗ рдЦрд┐рд▓рд╛рдл рд▓рдбрд╝рд╛рдИ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдХреА рдкреНрд░рдХреНрд░рд┐рдпрд╛ рдХреЗ рджреМрд░рд╛рди рд╣рдореЗрд╢рд╛ рдЪрд▓рддреА рд░рд╣рддреА рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рдРрд╕реЗ рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖реЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдЬрд░рд┐рдП рд╣реА рдпрд╣ рдмрд╛рдд рддрдп рд╣реЛрддреА рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдФрд░ рдЙрд╕рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рдж рдЖрдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдХреА рд╢рдХреНрд▓ рдХреНрдпрд╛ рд╣реЛрдЧреА. рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдЬрдм рдХреЛрдИ рдпрд╣ рдХрд╣реЗ рдХрд┐ "рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХреА рдореБрдХреНрддрд┐ рдирд╣реАрдВ"рдФрд░ "рдФрд░рддреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдирд╣реАрдВ", рддреЛ рдЙрд╕рдХрд╛ рдорддрд▓рдм рдпрд╣ рд╣реЛрддрд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдПрдХ рдРрд╕рд╛ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рд╣реИ рдЬрд┐рд╕рдкрд░ рд╕рд┐рд░реНрдл рддрднреА рдЧреМрд░ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рдПрдЧрд╛, рдЬрдм рдПрдХ рдмрд╛рд░ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рд╣рд╛рд╕рд┐рд▓ рдХрд░ рд▓реА рдЬрд╛рдПрдЧреА. рдФрд░ рдЬрдм рддрдХ рдРрд╕рд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реЛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛, рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛ рдХреИрдбрд░реЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рдпрд╣ рдЙрдореНрдореАрдж рдХреА рдЬрд╛рддреА рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рд╡реЗ рдПрдХ рдФрд░рдд рдХреЗ рд░реВрдк рдореЗрдВ рдЬрд┐рд╕ рдЙрддреНрдкреАрдбрд╝рди рдХрд╛ рд╕рд╛рдордирд╛ рдХрд░рддреА рд╣реИрдВ, рдЙрд╕рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рд░реЗ рдореЗрдВ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рдЙрдард╛рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдмрдЬрд╛рдП рдЗрд╕ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдХреЛ рдХрд╛рдордпрд╛рдм рдмрдирд╛рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЕрд╣рдо рднреВрдорд┐рдХрд╛ рдЕрджрд╛ рдХрд░реЗрдВ. рдорд╛рдиреЛ, рдЙрдирдХреЗ рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдЙрддреНрдкреАрдбрд╝рди рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рд░реЗ рдореЗрдВ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рдЙрдард╛рдирд╛, рд╕рд┐рд░реНрдл рдзреНрдпрд╛рди рдмрдВрдЯрд╛рдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реА рдПрдХ рдЪреАрдЬ рд╣реЛ. рдорд╛рдиреЛ рдпрд╣ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдХреА рдореМрдЬреВрджрд╛ рдЬрд░реВрд░рддреЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рд╕рд┐рд░реНрдл рдПрдХ рднрдЯрдХрд╛рд╡ рд╣реЛ. рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рд░реЗ рдореЗрдВ рдРрд╕реА рд╕рдордЭрджрд╛рд░реА рдЗрди рджреЛрдиреЛрдВ рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖реЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдХрд░рдХреЗ рджреЗрдЦрддреА рд╣реИ, рдорд╛рдиреЛ рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдХреЗ рдЦрд┐рд▓рд╛рдл рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖ рд╕рд╛рдорд╛рдЬрд┐рдХ рдмрджрд▓рд╛рд╡ рдХреЗ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐рдХрд╛рд░реА рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖ рдХрд╛ рд╣рд┐рд╕реНрд╕рд╛ рди рд╣реЛ.

рд░реЛрдЬрд╛рдирд╛ рдХреЗ рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖ рдФрд░ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рд╡реНрдпрд╛рдкрдХ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рдХреЗ рдмреАрдЪ рдЗрд╕ рдЧрд▓рдд рдФрд░ рдЭреВрдареЗ рдЕрд▓рдЧрд╛рд╡ рдиреЗ рдЬреЛ рд╕реНрдерд┐рддрд┐ рдкреИрджрд╛ рдХрд░ рджреА рд╣реИ, рдЙрд╕рдореЗрдВ рдРрд╕рд╛ рджрд┐рдЦрддрд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рджрд╢рдХреЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛ рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рди рдФрд░ рдХрд╛рд░реНрдпрдХрд░реНрддрд╛ рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рд╣рд┐рдВрд╕рд╛, рд╢рд╛рджреА, рддрд▓рд╛рдХ, рдпреМрдирд┐рдХрддрд╛ (рд╕реЗрдХреНрд╕реБрдЕрд▓рд┐рдЯреА) рд╡рдЧреИрд░рд╣ рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рд░реЗ рдореЗрдВ рдЬреЛ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рдЙрдард╛рддреЗ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВ, рдЙрди рдкрд░ рд╕рд┐рд░реНрдл рддрднреА рдЧреМрд░ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рдПрдЧрд╛, рдЬрдм рдПрдХ рдмрд╛рд░ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рд╣рд╛рд╕рд┐рд▓ рдХрд░ рд▓реА рдЬрд╛рдП. рдкрд┐рдЫрд▓реЗ рддреАрди рдмрд░рд╕реЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рд╣рдо рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рд╡реНрдпрд╛рдкрдХ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рд╕реЗ рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓реЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдЕрд▓рдЧрд╛ рдХрд░ рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЗрдВ рдкрд░рджреЗ рдХреЗ рдкреАрдЫреЗ рдзрдХреЗрд▓реЗ рдЬрд╛рдиреЗ рдХреА рдареАрдХ рдЗрд╕реА рд╕рдордЭрджрд╛рд░реА рдкрд░ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рдХрд░рддреЗ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВ. рд╣рдорд╛рд░рд╛ рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖ рдПрдХ рд╕рд╛рдордВрддреА-рдиреИрддрд┐рдХрддрд╛рд╡рд╛рджреА рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛рддреНрдордХ рд╕рдордЭрджрд╛рд░реА рд╕реЗ рд╣реИ, рдЬреЛ рджрд╢рдХреЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛ рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рдиреЛрдВ рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рдЙрдард╛рдП рдЧрдП рд╡рд┐рднрд┐рдиреНрди рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓реЛрдВ рдкрд░ рдЧреМрд░ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдмрдЬрд╛рдП рд╕рд┐рд░реНрдл рдФрд░рддреЛрдВ рдкрд░ рдирд┐рдпрдВрддреНрд░рдг рдФрд░ рд╕рдВрд░рдХреНрд╖рдг (рдкреИрдЯреНрд░рдирд╛рдЗрдЬ) рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдХрд╛рдо рдЖрддреА рд╣реИ. рд╣рдо рдкрд╛рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдХрд┐ рдпрд╣рд╛рдВ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдХреЛ рдПрдХ рдкреНрд░рдХреНрд░рд┐рдпрд╛ рдХреЗ рд░реВрдк рдореЗрдВ рджреЗрдЦрдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдмрдЬрд╛рдП рдФрд░ рдЗрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕ рдХреЛ рдЗрд╕ рддрд░рд╣ рд╕рдордЭрдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдмрдЬрд╛рдП рдХрд┐ рд╡рд┐рднрд┐рдиреНрди рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖ рдЗрд╕ рдЗрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕ рдХреЛ рдЧрдврд╝рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ, рдЗрд╕ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рдХреЛ рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рдПрдХ рддрд░рд╣ рдХрд╛ рдХрд╛рдордЪрд▓рд╛рдК рд░рд╡реИрдпрд╛ рд╣реИ, рдЬреЛ рдореБрдЦреНрдпрдд: рдЖрдо рд╕рдордЭ (рдХреЙрдорди рд╕реЗрдВрд╕) рдкрд░ рдЯрд┐рдХрд╛ рд╣реБрдЖ рд╣реИ. рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдХреЗ рд╕рдВрджрд░реНрдн рдореЗрдВ рдпрд╣ рдЖрдо рд╕рдордЭ рдореБрдЦреНрдпрдд: рд╕рд╛рдордВрддреА рдиреИрддрд┐рдХрддрд╛ рдХреА рдкреИрджрд╛рдЗрд╢ рд╣реИ. рдЗрд╕ рд╕рдордЭрджрд╛рд░реА рдХреЛ рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реА рдЬреЛ рдЕрд╕рд╣рдорддрд┐рдпрд╛рдВ рд╣реИрдВ, рдЙрдирдХреЗ рдЕрд╣рдо рдкрд╣рд▓реБрдУрдВ рдХрд╛ рдПрдХ рдЦрд╛рдХрд╛ рд╣рдордиреЗ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдЗрд╕реНрддреАрдлреЗ рдореЗрдВ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдерд╛. рдЗрд╕рд▓рд┐рдП рд╣рдо рдпрд╣рд╛рдВ рдЙрдирдореЗрдВ рд╕реЗ рдХреБрдЫ рдкрд╣рд▓реБрдУрдВ рдкрд░ рд╡рд┐рд╕реНрддрд╛рд░ рдореЗрдВ рдЪрд░реНрдЪрд╛ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреА рдХреЛрд╢рд┐рд╢ рдХрд░реЗрдВрдЧреЗ рдФрд░ рдпрд╣ рдмрддрд╛рдПрдВрдЧреЗ рдХрд┐ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рдРрд╕рд╛ рдХрд╣рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдкреАрдЫреЗ рдХреНрдпрд╛ рдЖрдзрд╛рд░ рдерд╛.

рджреБрдирд┐рдпрд╛ рдХреЗ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рднреА рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдХреА рддрд░рд╣ рднрд╛рд░рддреАрдп рдЙрдкрдорд╣рд╛рджреНрд╡реАрдк рдореЗрдВ рднреА рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдХрд╛ рдЪрд░рд┐рддреНрд░ рдЗрд╕рдХреА рдЕрдкрдиреА рдРрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕рд┐рдХ рдЦрд╛рд╕рд┐рдпрддреЛрдВ рдФрд░ рдЙрддреНрдкрд╛рджрди рдХреЗ рддрд░реАрдХреЗ (рдореЛрдб рдСрдл рдкреНрд░реЛрдбрдХреНрд╢рди) рдХреЗ рдЬрд░рд┐рдП рддрдп рд╣реЛрддрд╛ рд╣реИ. рдпрд╣рд╛рдВ рдХреЗ рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдореЗрдВ рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдХреА рдмреБрдирд┐рдпрд╛рдж рдЕрднреА рднреА рдордЬрдмреВрддреА рд╕реЗ рдмреНрд░рд╛рд╣реНрдордгрд╡рд╛рджреА рд╕рд╛рдордВрддрд╡рд╛рдж рдкрд░ рдЯрд┐рдХреА рд╣реБрдИ рд╣реИ, рдФрд░ рдЗрд╕рдХрд╛ рд╕рд╛рдореНрд░рд╛рдЬреНрдпрд╡рд╛рджреА рдмрдбрд╝реА рдкреВрдВрдЬреА рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рдЧрдВрдардЬреЛрдбрд╝ рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдХреЛ рдФрд░ рдордЬрдмреВрддреА рджреЗрддрд╛ рд╣реИ. рдпрд╣рд╛рдВ рддрдХ рдХрд┐ рдЬрд╛рддрд┐ рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛ рдХреЛ рдХрд╛рдпрдо рд░рдЦрдиреЗ рдореЗрдВ рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рддрдерд╛ рдЙрдирдХреА рдпреМрдирд┐рдХрддрд╛ рдкрд░ рдирд┐рдпрдВрддреНрд░рдг рдХреЛ рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рдПрдХ рдКрдкрд░реА рд╕рдордЭрджрд╛рд░реА рднреА рдЗрд╕рдХреЛ рдЙрдЬрд╛рдЧрд░ рдХрд░рддреА рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдХреИрд╕реЗ рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рдХреЛ рдкреНрд░рднреБрддреНрд╡рд╢рд╛рд▓реА рдЕрд░реНрдз-рдФрдкрдирд┐рд╡реЗрд╢рд┐рдХ рд╕рд╛рдорд╛рдЬрд┐рдХ рд╕рдВрдмрдВрдзреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рджрд╛рдпрд░реЗ рд╕реЗ рдмрд╛рд╣рд░ рд░рдЦ рдХрд░ рдирд╣реАрдВ рджреЗрдЦрд╛ рдЬрд╛ рд╕рдХрддрд╛, рдХреНрдпреЛрдВрдХрд┐ рдпрд╣реА рд╕рдВрдмрдВрдз рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдЕрд▓рдЧ рд▓рд┐рдВрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдмреАрдЪ рдореЗрдВ рдЧреИрд░ рдмрд░рд╛рдмрд░ рд╢рдХреНрддрд┐ рд╕рдВрдмрдВрдзреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рддрдп рдХрд░рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ. рдФрд░ рдЗрд╕рд▓рд┐рдП, рдЬрд┐рд╕ рддрд░рд╣ рдЕрд░реНрдз рдФрдкрдирд┐рд╡реЗрд╢рд┐рдХ рднреВрдорд┐ рд╕рдВрдмрдВрдзреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдареАрдХ рд╣реА рд╡рд░реНрдЧ рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖ рдХрд╛ рд╣рд┐рд╕реНрд╕рд╛ рдорд╛рдирд╛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ, рдЙрд╕реА рддрд░рд╣ рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХреА рдореБрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХреА рд▓рдбрд╝рд╛рдИ рдФрд░ рдЬрд╛рддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдЦрд╛рддреНрдореЗ рдХреА рд▓рдбрд╝рд╛рдИ рдХреЛ рднреА рд╡рд░реНрдЧ рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖ рдХрд╛ рд╣реА рд╣рд┐рд╕реНрд╕рд╛ рдорд╛рдирдирд╛ рдЬрд░реВрд░реА рд╣реИ. рдЗрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕ рдЧрд╡рд╛рд╣ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдЬрд╛рддрд┐ рдпрд╛ рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдХреЗ рдврд╛рдВрдЪреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рд╣рдореЗрд╢рд╛ рд╣реА рдЪреБрдиреМрддреА рдорд┐рд▓рддреА рд░рд╣реА рд╣реИ. рдорд╛рд░реНрдХреНрд╕рд╡рд╛рдж рд╣рдореЗрдВ рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдХреЛ рдЧрддрд┐ рдореЗрдВ рджреЗрдЦрдирд╛ рд╕рд┐рдЦрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ. рдЕрдкрдиреА рдЕрдВрддрд┐рдо рдЕрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛ рд╕реЗ рдЧреБрдЬрд░ рд░рд╣рд╛ рдкреВрдВрдЬреАрд╡рд╛рдж, рдпрд╛рдиреА рд╕рд╛рдореНрд░рд╛рдЬреНрдпрд╡рд╛рдж рдХреЗ рджреМрд░ рдХрд╛ рдкреВрдВрдЬреАрд╡рд╛рдж, рдмрд╛рдЬрд╛рд░ рдХреЗ рдЬрд░рд┐рдП рдЖрдЬрд╛рджреА рдпрд╛ рдЪреБрдирд╛рд╡ рдХреЗ рдЬрд┐рди рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░реЛрдВ рдФрд░ рдореВрд▓реНрдпреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдмрдврд╝рд╛рд╡рд╛ рджреЗрддрд╛ рд╣реИ, рдЙрдирдХрд╛ рдЕрд╕рд▓реА рдорддрд▓рдм рдХрднреА рднреА рдЖрдЬрд╛рджреА рдпрд╛ рдЪреБрдирд╛рд╡ рдХреА рдЖрдЬрд╛рджреА рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реЛрддрд╛. рдЗрд╕ рджрд╢рд╛ рдореЗрдВ рдЖрддреЗ рдЖрддреЗ, рдкреВрдВрдЬреА рдЕрдкрдирд╛ рдкреНрд░рдЧрддрд┐рд╢реАрд▓ рдФрд░ рд▓реЛрдХрддрд╛рдВрддреНрд░рд┐рдХ рдЪрд░рд┐рддреНрд░ рдЦреЛ рдЪреБрдХреА рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рд╕рд╛рдордВрддрд╡рд╛рдж рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рдЧрдардмрдВрдзрди рдХрд░рдХреЗ рд╡рдЬреВрдж рдореЗрдВ рд╣реИ. рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди, рдПрдХ рдорд╛рд░реНрдХреНрд╕рд╡рд╛рджреА-рд▓реЗрдирд┐рдирд╡рд╛рджреА рд╣реЛрдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдирд╛рддреЗ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдпрд╣ рдЕрд╣рдо рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рд╣рдо рдЕрдВрддрд┐рдо рдЕрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ рдкреВрдВрдЬреАрд╡рд╛рдж рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рдкрд░реЛрд╕реЗ рдЬрд╛ рд░рд╣реЗ рдмреБрд░реНрдЬреБрдЖ рдореВрд▓реНрдп/рдиреИрддрд┐рдХрддрд╛ рдФрд░ рдЬрд╛рддрд┐ рддрдерд╛ рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдХреЗ рдврд╛рдВрдЪреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдЦрд┐рд▓рд╛рдл рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖реЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рдЬрдиреНрдо рд▓реЗ рд░рд╣реЗ рд▓реЛрдХрддрд╛рдВрддреНрд░рд┐рдХ рдореВрд▓реНрдпреЛрдВ/рдиреИрддрд┐рдХрддрд╛ рдХреЗ рдмреАрдЪ рдлрд░реНрдХ рдХреЛ рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдХрд░рдХреЗ рджреЗрдЦреЗрдВ рдФрд░ рд╕рдордЭреЗрдВ. рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдпрд╣ рдкрд╣рдЪрд╛рдирдирд╛ рдЬрд░реВрд░реА рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдХреЗ рд╕рдВрджрд░реНрдн рдореЗрдВ, рд╣рдорд╛рд░реА рдЪреЗрддрдирд╛ рдЕрдХреЗрд▓реЗ рд╕рд╛рдордВрддреА рдФрд░ рдмреБрд░реНрдЬреБрдЖ рдореВрд▓реНрдпреЛрдВ/рдиреИрддрд┐рдХрддрд╛рдУрдВ рдХреЗ рдореЗрд▓ рд╕реЗ рд╣реА рдирд╣реАрдВ рдмрдирддреА рд╣реИ, рдмрд▓реНрдХрд┐ рдпрд╣ рд╡рд┐рднрд┐рдиреНрди рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖реЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рдФрд░ рдЙрдирдХреЗ рдЬрд░рд┐рдП рдкреИрджрд╛ рд╣реЛрдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ рдЬрдирд╡рд╛рджреА рдФрд░ рдкреНрд░рдЧрддрд┐рд╢реАрд▓ рдореВрд▓реНрдпреЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рднреА рдмрдирддреА рдФрд░ рд╡рд┐рдХрд╕рд┐рдд рд╣реЛрддреА рд╣реИ - рдЬреИрд╕реЗ рдХрд┐ рддреЗрднрд╛рдЧрд╛ рд╡ рддреЗрд▓рдВрдЧрд╛рдирд╛ рдХреЗ рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖, рдирдХреНрд╕рд▓рд╡рд╛рджреА рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рди, рдордЬрджреВрд░ рд╡рд░реНрдЧ рдХреЗ рд╡рд┐рднрд┐рдиреНрди рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖, рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛ рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рди, рджрд▓рд┐рдд рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рди, рдПрд▓рдЬреАрдмреАрдЯреАрдЖрдИрдХреНрдпреВ рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рди, рд░рд╛рд╖реНрдЯреНрд░реАрдпрддрд╛рдУрдВ рдХреЗ рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖ рдпрд╛ рдлрд┐рд░ рд╡рд┐рднрд┐рдиреНрди рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖ рдЖрджрд┐. рдРрд╕реА рдЕрдирдЧрд┐рдирдд рдорд╛рдВрдЧреЗрдВ, рдЬрд┐рдирдХреЗ рдмрд╛рд░реЗ рдореЗрдВ рдХреБрдЫ рджрд╢рдХреЛрдВ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рддрдХ рд╕реЛрдЪрд╛ рддрдХ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдЬрд╛ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рдерд╛, рд╡реЗ рдЖрдЬ рдкреИрджрд╛ рд╣реЛ рд░рд╣реА рд╣реИрдВ рддреЛ рд╕рд┐рд░реНрдл рдЗрд╕реА рд╡рдЬрд╣ рд╕реЗ рдХрд┐ рдЙрдирдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЗрди рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рдиреЛрдВ рдиреЗ рдЬрдЧрд╣ рдмрдирд╛рдИ. рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐рдХрд╛рд░реА рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рди рдореЗрдВ рдЗрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕ рдХреЗ рджреМрд░рд╛рди рд▓реИрдВрдЧрд┐рдХрддрд╛ рдФрд░ рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓реЛрдВ рдкрд░ рд╣реБрдП рдЗрд╕ рд╡рд┐рдХрд╛рд╕ рдХреЛ рдХрдмреВрд▓ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдФрд░ рдЙрдирдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рдПрдХ рд╕рдВрд╡рд╛рдж рдмрдирд╛рдиреЗ рдореЗрдВ рд▓рдЧрд╛рддрд╛рд░ рдПрдХ рд╣рд┐рдЪрдХ рджрд┐рдЦрд╛рдИ рджреЗ рд░рд╣реА рд╣реИ, рдЬреЛ рджрд┐рдЦрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдЗрд╕ рдореБрджреНрджреЗ рдкрд░ рдЗрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕ рд╕реЗ рдЖрдВрдЦ рдореВрдВрдж рд▓реА рдЧрдИ рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рджреЛрддрд░рдлрд╛ рддрд░реАрдХреЗ рд╕реЗ рд╕рдВрд╡рд╛рдж рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдмрдЬрд╛рдП рдЪреАрдЬреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рд╕рд┐рд░реНрдл рдКрдкрд░ рд╕реЗ рд▓рд╛рдХрд░ рд▓рд╛рдЧреВ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рд░реБрдЭрд╛рди рджрд┐рдЦрд╛рдИ рджреЗ рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИ.

рд▓реЗрдирд┐рди рдиреЗ рдХрд╣рд╛ рдерд╛ рдХрд┐ 'рдПрдХ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐рдХрд╛рд░реА рд╕рд┐рджреНрдзрд╛рдВрдд рдХреЗ рдмрдЧреИрд░ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐рдХрд╛рд░реА рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рди рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реЛ рд╕рдХрддрд╛.'рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рд▓реИрдВрдЧрд┐рдХ рдкрд╣рд▓реВ рдХреЛ рд╕рдордЭрдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЗрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕ рдФрд░ рд╕рд╛рдорд╛рдЬрд┐рдХ рд╕рдВрдмрдВрдзреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рдЬреЛ рд╕рдордЭ рдХреА рдХрдореА рдкрд╛рдИ рдЧрдИ рд╣реИ, рдЙрд╕рдХрд╛ рдирддреАрдЬрд╛ рдпрд╣ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐рдХрд╛рд░реА рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рди рдпреМрди рд╣рд┐рдВрд╕рд╛ рдФрд░ рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛рддреНрдордХ рдЙрддреНрдкреАрдбрд╝рди рд╕реЗ рдирд┐рдмрдЯрдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдорд╛рдорд▓реЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рддрдерд╛ рдЗрд╕ рд▓рдбрд╝рд╛рдИ рдореЗрдВ рджрдЦрд▓ рджреЗрдиреЗ рдФрд░ рдЕрдкрдиреА рдПрдХ рдЬрдЧрд╣ рдмрдирд╛рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рд╣рд╛рдЬ рд╕реЗ рдЧрд▓рдд рддрд░реАрдХреЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рдХрд╛рдо рд▓реЗ рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИ. рдЗрд╕рдХреА рдорд┐рд╕рд╛рд▓ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рд╣рдо рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдРрд╕реЗ рд╕рдВрдЧрдардиреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдЦреЗ рд╣реБрдП рджрд╕реНрддрд╛рд╡реЗрдЬреЛрдВ, рдмрдпрд╛рдиреЛрдВ рдпрд╛ рдлрд┐рд░ рджрд░реНрдЬ рдХрд┐рдП рдЧрдП рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░реЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдкреЗрд╢ рдХрд░реЗрдВрдЧреЗ, рдЬреЛ рдПрдХ рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░рдзрд╛рд░рд╛ рдХреЗ рд░реВрдк рдореЗрдВ рдорд╛рд░реНрдХреНрд╕рд╡рд╛рдж-рд▓реЗрдирд┐рдирд╡рд╛рдж-рдорд╛рдУрд╡рд╛рдж рдХреЛ рдорд╛рдирддреЗ рдФрд░ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐рдХрд╛рд░реА рд░рд╛рдЬрдиреАрддрд┐ рдкрд░ рдЕрдорд▓ рдХрд░рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ. рдирд╛рд░реА рдореБрдХреНрддрд┐ рд╕рдВрдШ рдРрд╕рд╛ рд╣реА рдПрдХ рд╕рдВрдЧрдарди рд╣реИ, рдЬрд┐рд╕рдХреЗ рд░рд╛рдЬрдиреАрддрд┐рдХ рдЕрдиреБрднрд╡реЛрдВ, рдХрд╛рдо-рдХрд╛рдЬ рдФрд░ рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХреА рд╡рд┐рднрд┐рдиреНрди рд╕рдорд╕реНрдпрд╛рдУрдВ рдХреЛ рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рдЙрдирдХреЗ рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖реЛрдВ рдХрд╛ рдПрдХ рдЫреЛрдЯрд╛ рд╕рд╛ рдЗрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕┬ард░рд┐рд╡реЙрд▓реНрдпреВрд╢рдирд░реА рд╡реБрдордиреНрд╕ рдореВрд╡рдореЗрдВрдЯ рдЗрди рдЗрдВрдбрд┐рдпрд╛┬ардирд╛рдо рдХреА рдПрдХ рдХрд┐рддрд╛рдм рдореЗрдВ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рд╣реБрдЖ рд╣реИ. рдЭрд╛рд░рдЦрдВрдб рдореЗрдВ рдЖрджрд┐рд╡рд╛рд╕реА рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХреЗ рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖реЛрдВ рдФрд░ рд╡рд┐рднрд┐рдиреНрди рдореБрджреНрджреЛрдВ рдкрд░ рдирд╛рд░реА рдореБрдХреНрддрд┐ рд╕рдВрдШ рдХреЗ рд╣рд╕реНрддрдХреНрд╖реЗрдк рдХрд╛ рдПрдХ рдЫреЛрдЯрд╛ рд╕рд╛ рдмреНрдпреЛрд░реЗрд╡рд╛рд░ рдЗрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕ рджреЗрдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рдж, рдпреМрди рд╣рд┐рдВрд╕рд╛ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рдкрд░ рдЗрд╕рдХрд╛ рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд▓реЗрд╖рдг рдЗрд╕ рддрд░рд╣ рд╢реБрд░реВ рд╣реЛрддрд╛ рд╣реИ: "рдПрдирдПрдордПрд╕ рдХреЗ рдЗрд▓рд╛рдХреЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рдпреМрди рдЙрддреНрдкреАрдбрд╝рди рдФрд░ рдмрд▓рд╛рддреНрдХрд╛рд░ рдХреА рдШрдЯрдирд╛рдУрдВ рдореЗрдВ рдХрдореА рдЖрдИ рд╣реИ. рдЬрдм рднреА рдмрд▓рд╛рддреНрдХрд╛рд░ рдХреА рдШрдЯрдирд╛ рд╣реЛрддреА рд╣реИ, рдПрдирдПрдордПрд╕ рдЬрди рдЕрджрд╛рд▓рдд рдмреБрд▓рд╛рддреА рд╣реИ. рд╡рд╣ рдЬрд╛рдВрдЪ рдХрд░рддреА рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рдЕрдЧрд░ рд╡рд╣ рдкрд╛рддреА рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рд▓рдбрд╝рдХрд╛ рдПрдХ рдЧрд░реАрдм рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд╛рд░ рд╕реЗ рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рдЯреАрд╡реА, рд╕рд┐рдиреЗрдорд╛ рдХреА рд╕рд╛рдореНрд░рд╛рдЬреНрдпрд╡рд╛рджреА рд╕рд╛рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐рдХ рдХреЗ рдкреНрд░рднрд╛рд╡ рдореЗрдВ рдЖ рдЧрдпрд╛ рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рдЕрдЧрд░ рд╡рд╣ рдЕрдкрдирд╛ рдЕрдкрд░рд╛рдз рдХрдмреВрд▓ рдХрд░ рд▓реЗрддрд╛ рд╣реИ, рддреЛ рдЙрд╕реЗ рдХрдбрд╝реА рдЪреЗрддрд╛рд╡рдиреА рджреЗрдХрд░ рдЫреЛрдбрд╝ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ." (рд░рд┐рд╡реЙрд▓реНрдпреВрд╢рдирд░реА рд╡реБрдордиреНрд╕ рдореВрд╡рдореЗрдВрдЯ рдЗрди рдЗрдВрдбрд┐рдпрд╛, рдиреНрдпреВ рд╡рд┐рд╕реНрдЯрд╛рд╕ рдкрдмреНрд▓рд┐рдХреЗрд╢рдВрд╕, рдкреГ.31) рдпрд╣рд╛рдВ рднреА, рдпреМрди рд╣рд┐рдВрд╕рд╛ рдХреА рд╡рдЬрд╣реЗрдВ 'рдЪреЗрддрдирд╛ рдХреЗ рджрд╛рдпрд░реЗ'рдореЗрдВ рджреЗрдЦреА рдЧрдИ рд╣реИрдВ, рдЬрд┐рд╕рдХреЛ 'рдЯреАрд╡реА, рд╕рд┐рдиреЗрдорд╛ рдХреА рд╕рд╛рдореНрд░рд╛рдЬреНрдпрд╡рд╛рджреА рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐'рддрдп рдХрд░рддреА рд╣реИ (рдпрд╣ рдПрдХ рдРрд╕реА рдмрд╛рдд рд╣реИ рдЬреЛ рд╡рд┐рднрд┐рдиреНрди рд▓реЗрдЦреЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рдЖрдЬрд┐рдЬ рдХрд░ рджреЗрдиреЗ рдХреА рд╣рдж рддрдХ рджреЛрд╣рд░рд╛рдИ рдЧрдИ рд╣реИ). рдЗрд╕рдХрд╛ рдирддреАрдЬрд╛ рд╕рд┐рд░реНрдл рдпрд╣реА рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдмрд▓рд╛рддреНрдХрд╛рд░ рдХреЗ рдЕрдкрд░рд╛рдзрд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдХреЛ 'рдХрдбрд╝реА рдЪреЗрддрд╛рд╡рдиреА'рджреЗрдХрд░ рдЫреЛрдбрд╝ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ, рдмрд▓реНрдХрд┐ рдпреМрди рд╣рд┐рдВрд╕рд╛ рдХреА рд╡рдЬрд╣реЛрдВ рдХреЛ рднреА рдЧрд▓рдд рддрд░реАрдХреЗ рд╕реЗ рд╕рдордЭрд╛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ. рдЗрд╕ рд╕рдВрджрд░реНрдн рдореЗрдВ, рд╕рд╛рдореНрд░рд╛рдЬреНрдпрд╡рд╛рджреА рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐ рдХреА рдЗрддрдиреЗ рдЬреЛрд░-рд╢реЛрд░ рд╕реЗ рдХреА рдЧрдИ рдЖрд▓реЛрдЪрдирд╛ рдЦрддрд░рдирд╛рдХ рддрд░реАрдХреЗ рд╕реЗ рдЙрд╕ рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рдХреНрд░рд┐рдпрд╛рд╡рд╛рджреА рд╕рдордЭрджрд╛рд░реА рдХреЗ рдмреЗрд╣рдж рдХрд░реАрдм рдЖ рдЧрдИ рд╣реИ, рдЬреЛ рдХрд╣рддреА рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдПрдХ рдмрд╛рд╣рд░реА рдмреБрд░рд╛рдИ (рдЗрд╕ рдорд╛рдорд▓реЗ рдореЗрдВ рд╕рд╛рдореНрд░рд╛рдЬреНрдпрд╡рд╛рджреА рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐) рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рдПрдХрд╕рд╛рд░ рдФрд░ рдЖрджрд░реНрд╢ рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдХреЛ рднреНрд░рд╖реНрдЯ рдХрд░ рд░рд╣реА рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рдпреМрди рд╣рд┐рдВрд╕рд╛ рдХреЛ рдмрдврд╝рд╛рд╡рд╛ рджреЗ рд░рд╣реА рд╣реИ.

рдЬрдм рдорд╛рдорд▓рд╛ рд╢рд╣рд░реЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рдЬреБрдбрд╝рд╛ рд╣реЛ, рддрдм рддреЛ рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХреЗ рдЦрд┐рд▓рд╛рдл рд╣рд┐рдВрд╕рд╛ рдХреЛ рдЬрдиреНрдо рджреЗрдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реА 'рд╕рд╛рдореНрд░рд╛рдЬреНрдпрд╡рд╛рджреА рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐'рдХрд╛ рдпрд╣ рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░ рдФрд░ рдЬреЛрд░ рдкрдХрдбрд╝ рд▓реЗрддрд╛ рд╣реИ, рдХреНрдпреЛрдВрдХрд┐ рдРрд╕рд╛ рдорд╛рдирд╛ рдЧрдпрд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдЗрд╕ рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐ рдХрд╛ рдЕрд╕рд░ рдирд┐рдореНрди-рдкреВрдВрдЬреАрдкрддрд┐ рддрдмрдХреЗ рдкрд░ рдХрд╣реАрдВ рдЬреНрдпрд╛рджрд╛ рд╣реИ. рдорд┐рд╕рд╛рд▓ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рд░реЗрд╡реЙрд▓реНрдпреВрд╢рдирд░реА рдбреЗрдореЛрдХреНрд░реЗрдЯрд┐рдХ рдлреНрд░рдВрдЯ рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рдЕрдХреНрддреВрдмрд░ 2013 рдореЗрдВ рд▓рд╛рдП рдЧрдП рдПрдХ┬ард╣рд┐рдВрджреА рдмрдпрд╛рди┬ардХреЛ рджреЗрдЦреЗрдВ, рдЬреЛ рддрд░реБрдг рддреЗрдЬрдкрд╛рд▓ рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рдПрдХ рдкрддреНрд░рдХрд╛рд░ рдкрд░ рдХрд┐рдП рдЧрдП рдпреМрди рд╣рдорд▓реЗ рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рд░реЗ рдореЗрдВ рд╣реИ. рд╢реБрд░реВ рдореЗрдВ рдЗрд╕рдХреА рдирд┐рдВрджрд╛ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рдж рдпрд╣ рдмрдпрд╛рди рдирд┐рдореНрдирд▓рд┐рдЦрд┐рдд рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд▓реЗрд╖рдг рдкрд░ рдЙрддрд░рддрд╛ рд╣реИ:

"рд╡реИрд╢реНрд╡реАрдХрд░рдг рдФрд░ рдирд╡рдЙрджрд╛рд░рд╡рд╛рджреА рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐ рдХрд╛ рдЬрд┐рд╕ рддреЗрдЬреА рд╕реЗ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рд╕рд╛рдордиреЗ рдПрдХ рдореЙрдбрд▓ рдЦреЬрд╛ рд╣реБрдЖ рд╣реИ рдЙрд╕реЗ рд╣рдо рдХрд╛рд░рдкреЛрд░реЗрдЯ, рд╕рдВрд╕рдж рд╡ рд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рдпрд┐рдХрд╛, рдореАрдбрд┐рдпрд╛ рдФрд░ рд╕рд╛рдореНрд░рд╛рдЬреНрдпрд╡рд╛рджреА рдЧрд┐рд░реЛрд╣реЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдЧрдардЬреЛреЬ рдореЗрдВ рджреЗрдЦ рд╕рдХрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВред рдЗрд╕ рдЧрдардЬреЛреЬ рдореЗрдВ рдЕрд╣рдо рд╣рд┐рд╕реНрд╕рд╛ рд╣реИ рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛ рдХреЛ рдмрд╛рдЬрд╛рд░ рдореЗрдВ 'рд╕реЗрдХреНрд╕ рдСрдмреНрдЬреЗрдХреНрдЯ'рдХреЗ рд░реВрдк рдореЗрдВ рдЙрддрд╛рд░рдирд╛ред рдпрд╣ рд╕рд╛рдореНрд░рд╛рдЬреНрдпрд╡рд╛рджреА рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐ рд╣реИ рдЬрд┐рд╕рдХрд╛ рдЧрдардЬреЛреЬ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рджреЗрд╢ рдореЗрдВ рд╕рд╛рдордВрддрд╡рд╛рджреА рдмреНрд░рд╛рд╣реНрдордгрд╡рд╛рджреА рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рд╣реБрдЖ рд╣реИред рдореАрдбрд┐рдпрд╛ рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдерд╛рдиреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдорд╛рд▓рд┐рдХреЛрдВ, рдкреНрд░рдмрдВрдзрдХреЛрдВ, рд╕рдВрдкрд╛рджрдХреЛрдВ...рдореЗрдВ рдореБрдирд╛рдлреЗ рдХреА рд╣реЛреЬ, рд╕рдВрдкрджрд╛ рдирд┐рд░реНрдорд╛рдг рдФрд░ рд╕рддреНрддрд╛рд╢рд╛рд▓реА рд╣реЛрдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рд▓реЛрдн-рд▓рд╛рд▓рдЪ рдкрддреНрд░рдХрд╛рд░рд┐рддрд╛, рд▓реЛрдХрддрдВрддреНрд░, рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐, рдЖрдзреБрдирд┐рдХрддрд╛, рдЬреАрд╡рдирд╢реИрд▓реА рдЖрджрд┐ рдЖрд╡рд░рдг рдореЗрдВ рдЦрддрд░рдирд╛рдХ рд░реВрдк рд╕реЗ рдРрд╕реА рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐ рдХреЛ рдкреЗрд╢ рдХрд░ рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИ рдЬреЛ рдкреВрд░реЗ рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдФрд░ рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рднрдпрд╛рд╡рд╣ рд╕реНрдерд┐рддрд┐ рдмрдирд╛ рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИред"┬а

рдЗрд╕ рд╕рдордЭрджрд╛рд░реА рдиреЗ рдпреМрди рд╣рд┐рдВрд╕рд╛ рдХреЛ рддрд╛рдХрдд рдФрд░ рд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдХреЗ рдЕрдкрд░рд╛рдз рдХреЗ рд░реВрдк рдореЗрдВ рджреЗрдЦрдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдмрдЬрд╛рдП, рдЗрд╕реЗ рдорд╣рдЬ рд╕реЗрдХреНрд╕ рдФрд░ рд▓рд╛рд▓рд╕рд╛ рддрдХ рд╕реАрдорд┐рдд рдХрд░ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рд╣реИ. рдпреМрди рд╣рд┐рдВрд╕рд╛ рдХреЛ рдЧреИрд░ рдмрд░рд╛рдмрд░ рд╕рд╛рдорд╛рдЬрд┐рдХ рд░рд┐рд╢реНрддреЗ рдореЗрдВ рдирд┐рд╣рд┐рдд рддрд╛рдХрдд рдХреЗ рдЕрдкрд░рд╛рдз рдХреЗ рд░реВрдк рдореЗрдВ рджреЗрдЦрдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ рдпрд╣ рдорд╛рдВрдЧ рдХрд░реЗрдВрдЧреЗ рдХрд┐ рдШрд░ рд╕реЗ рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рдХрд╛рдо рдХреА рдЬрдЧрд╣реЛрдВ рддрдХ рд╕рднреА рдЬрдЧрд╣реЛрдВ рдХрд╛ рдЬрдирд╡рд╛рджреАрдХрд░рдг рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рдП, рдЬрдмрдХрд┐ рдКрдкрд░ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЧрдпрд╛ рдЖрд░рдбреАрдПрдл рдХрд╛ рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд▓реЗрд╖рдг рдЖрдЦрд┐рд░ рдореЗрдВ рдФрд░рддреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдКрдкрд░ рдорд░реНрджреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдирд┐рдпрдВрддреНрд░рдг рдФрд░ рд╕рдВрд░рдХреНрд╖рдг рдХреЛ рдмрдврд╝рд╛рд╡рд╛ рджреЗрддрд╛ рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдКрдкрд░ рд╣реЛрдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ рд╣рдорд▓реЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЦреБрдж рдФрд░рддреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рд╣реА рджреЛрд╖ рджреЗрдиреЗ рдХреА рд╣рдж рддрдХ рдЪрд▓рд╛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ. рдЗрд╕ рддрд░рд╣ рдЖрд░рдбреАрдПрдл рдХреЗ рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд▓реЗрд╖рдг рдиреЗ, рдЙрди рдФрд░рддреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдПрдХ рддрд░рд╣ рд╕реЗ рдЦреБрдж рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдкрд░ рд╣реЛрдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реА рд╣рд┐рдВрд╕рд╛ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЬрд┐рдореНрдореЗрджрд╛рд░ рдмрдирд╛ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рд╣реИ, рдЬреЛ рдЕрдкрдиреА 'рднреНрд░рдорд┐рдд рдЪреЗрддрдирд╛'рдХреЗ рдХрд╛рд░рдг 'рдЬреАрд╡рди рд╢реИрд▓реА/рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐/рдЖрдзреБрдирд┐рдХрддрд╛/рд▓реЛрдХрддрдВрддреНрд░'рдХреЗ рдирд╛рдо рдкрд░ рдкрд░реЛрд╕реА рдЬрд╛рдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реА рдЪреАрдЬреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдЕрдкрдирд╛рддреА рд╣реИрдВ рдФрд░ 'рдХреЙрд░рдкреЛрд░реЗрдЯ рдореАрдбрд┐рдпрд╛ рдШрд░рд╛рдиреЛрдВ'рдореЗрдВ рдХрд╛рдо рдХрд░ рд░рд╣реА рд╣реИрдВ. рд╣рд╛рд▓рд╛рдВрдХрд┐ рд╣рдо рдпрд╣рд╛рдВ рдпреЗ рднреА рдЬреЛрдбрд╝рдирд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣реЗрдВрдЧреЗ, рдХрд┐ рдпрд╣ рдЖрд▓реЛрдЪрдирд╛ рдкреЗрд╢ рдХрд░рддреЗ рд╣реБрдП рд╣рдо рдпрд╣ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдХрд╣ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдХрд┐ рд╕рд╛рдореНрд░рд╛рдЬреНрдпрд╡рд╛рдж рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рдкрд░реЛрд╕реА рдЬрд╛ рд░рд╣реА рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐ рдпрд╛ рдЙрдкрднреЛрдХреНрддрд╛рд╡рд╛рдж рдХреА рд╣рд┐рдорд╛рдпрдд рдХреА рдЬрд╛рдП, рдмрд▓реНрдХрд┐ рд╣рдо рдЗрд╕ рдмрд╛рдд рдХреА рддрд░рдл рдзреНрдпрд╛рди рджрд┐рд▓рд╛ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдХрд┐ рдЬрдм рд╕рд╛рдореНрд░рд╛рдЬреНрдпрд╡рд╛рджреА рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐ рдпрд╛ рдЙрдкрднреЛрдХреНрддрд╛рд╡рд╛рдж рдХреЛ рдЕрдзрдХрдЪрд░реЗ рддрд░реАрдХреЗ рд╕реЗ рдпреМрди рд╣рд┐рдВрд╕рд╛ рдХреЗ рдорд╛рдорд▓реЛрдВ рдХреА рд╡реНрдпрд╛рдЦреНрдпрд╛ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЗрд╕реНрддреЗрдорд╛рд▓ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ рддреЛ рдпрд╣ рд╕рдорд╕реНрдпрд╛рдЬрдирдХ рд╣реЛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ.

рдпрд╣ рд╕рдордЭрджрд╛рд░реА рдХреЙрдорд░реЗрдб рдЕрдиреБрд░рд╛рдзрд╛ рдЧрд╛рдВрдзреА рдЬреИрд╕реА рд╡рд░рд┐рд╖реНрда рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐рдХрд╛рд░реА рдиреЗрддрд╛ рдХреЗ рд▓реЗрдЦрди рдореЗрдВ рднреА рдЪрд▓реА рдЖрдИ рд╣реИ. рдЬрдм рдЙрдирд╕реЗ рдПрдХ рдЗрдВрдЯрд░рд╡реНрдпреВ рдореЗрдВ рд╢рд╣рд░реА рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рдЭреЗрд▓реЗ рдЬрд╛ рд░рд╣реЗ рдЙрддреНрдкреАрдбрд╝рди рдХреА рдкреНрд░рдХреГрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рд░реЗ рдореЗрдВ рдкреВрдЫрд╛ рдЧрдпрд╛, рддреЛ рд╡реЗ рдЬрд╡рд╛рдм рджреЗрддреА рд╣реИрдВ рдХрд┐ рджреВрд╕рд░реА рд╕рдорд╕реНрдпрд╛рдУрдВ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рд╕рд╛рде, "рд╢рд╣рд░реА рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдкрд░ рд╕рд╛рдореНрд░рд╛рдЬреНрдпрд╡рд╛рджреА рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐ рдХрд╛ рдЕрд╕рд░ рдмрд╣реБрдд рдЬреНрдпрд╛рджрд╛ рд╣реИ. рд╢рд╣рд░реА рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдПрдВ рди рд╕рд┐рд░реНрдл рдЙрдкрднреЛрдХреНрддрд╛рд╡рд╛рдж рд╕реЗ рдкреНрд░реЗрд░рд┐рдд рд╣реИрдВ, рдмрд▓реНрдХрд┐ рдЗрд╕рдХреА рд╢рд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рднреА рд╣реИрдВ, рдЬреЛ рдЗрдВрд╕рд╛рдиреА рдореВрд▓реНрдпреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдмрдЬрд╛рдП рдлреИрд╢рди рдФрд░ рд╕реМрдВрджрд░реНрдп рдЙрддреНрдкрд╛рджреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдЬреНрдпрд╛рджрд╛ рдЕрд╣рдорд┐рдпрдд рджреЗрддреА рд╣реИрдВ. рдЗрд╕ рд╕рд╛рдореНрд░рд╛рдЬреНрдпрд╡рд╛рджреА рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдирддреАрдЬреЗ рдореЗрдВ, рд╢рд╣рд░реА рдЗрд▓рд╛рдХреЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рдЕрддреНрдпрд╛рдЪрд╛рд░реЛрдВ рдФрд░ рдпреМрди рджреБрд░реНрд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╣рд╛рд░реЛрдВ рдХреА рд╡рдЬрд╣ рд╕реЗ рдЕрд╕реБрд░рдХреНрд╖рд╛ рдХрд╛ рдорд╛рд╣реМрд▓ рд╣реИ." (рд╕реНрдХреНрд░рд┐рдкреНрдЯрд┐рдВрдЧ рдж рдЪреЗрдВрдЬ, рдкреГ.276). рджрдХреНрд╖рд┐рдгрдкрдВрдереА рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░рдХреЛрдВ рдФрд░ рд╕рднреА рд░рдВрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд╕рдВрд╕рджреАрдп рджрд▓реЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдиреЗрддрд╛ рдпреМрди рд╣рд┐рдВрд╕рд╛ рдореЗрдВ рдЗрдЬрд╛рдлреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЯреАрд╡реА, рд╕рд┐рдиреЗрдорд╛, рдлреИрд╢рди, рд╕реМрдВрджрд░реНрдп рдЙрддреНрдкрд╛рджрдиреЛрдВ рд╡рдЧреИрд░рд╣ рдкрд░ рдЗрд▓реНрдЬрд╛рдо рд▓рдЧрд╛рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ, рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдЬрдм рдореМрдЬреВрджрд╛ рд╕рд╛рдорд╛рдЬрд┐рдХ рдврд╛рдВрдЪреЗ рдХреЛ рдкреВрд░реА рддрд░рд╣ рд╕реЗ рдмрджрд▓рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рд▓рдбрд╝рдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рди рднреА рдЙрдирд╕реЗ рдорд┐рд▓рддрд╛ рдЬреБрд▓рддрд╛ рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд▓реЗрд╖рдг рдХрд░реЗрдВ, рддрдм рдпрд╣ рднрд╛рд░реА рдЪрд┐рдВрддрд╛ рдФрд░ рдЦрддрд░реЗ рдХрд╛ рд╡рд┐рд╖рдп рд╣реИ. рдЗрд╕рд▓рд┐рдП рд╣рдордиреЗ рдЗрд╕ рдкрд░ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рдЙрдард╛рдП, рдФрд░ рдЬрдм рднреА рд╣рдордиреЗ рдРрд╕реЗ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рдЙрдард╛рдП, рддреЛ рдпрд╣ рд╕реБрдирдиреЗ рдореЗрдВ рдЖрдпрд╛ рдХрд┐ рд╣рдореЗрдВ рдЕрдиреБрд░рд╛рдзрд╛ рдЧрд╛рдВрдзреА рдЬреИрд╕реА рд╣рд╕реНрддреА рдкрд░ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдпрд╛ рдЖрд▓реЛрдЪрдирд╛ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдХреЛрдИ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИ. рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдпрд╣ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рдХреНрдпреЛрдВ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИ? рдЖрдЦрд┐рд░ рд╡рд╣ рдХреМрди рд╕реА рдмрд╛рдд рд╣реИ, рдЬреЛ рд╣рдореЗрдВ рдХреБрдЫ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓реЛрдВ рдФрд░ рдЪрд┐рдВрддрд╛рдУрдВ рдХреЛ рдЙрдард╛рдиреЗ рд╕реЗ рд░реЛрдХрддреА рд╣реИ, рдпрд╣рд╛рдВ рддрдХ рдХрд┐ рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЗрдВ рдЕрдВрджрд░реВрдиреА рддреМрд░ рдкрд░ рднреА рдирд╣реАрдВ рдЙрдард╛рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛ рд╕рдХрддрд╛? рдРрд╕реЗ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рдЙрдард╛рдиреЗ рдкрд░ рдЕрдЧрд░ рдХреЛрдИ рдирд╛рд░рд╛рдЬ рд╣реЛрддрд╛ рд╣реИ, рддреЛ рдпрд╣ рдФрд░ рдХреБрдЫ рднреА рдирд╣реАрдВ рдмрд▓реНрдХрд┐ рдорддрд╛рдВрдзрддрд╛ рдФрд░ рдкреЛрдВрдЧрд╛рдкрдВрде рд╣реИ. рдорд╛рд░реНрдХреНрд╕рд╡рд╛рджреА рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╣рд╛рд░ рд╣рдореЗрд╢рд╛ рд╣реА рдЖрд▓реЛрдЪрдирд╛рдУрдВ рдФрд░ рдЙрди рдЖрд▓реЛрдЪрдирд╛рдУрдВ рдХреЗ рдЬрд╡рд╛рдмреЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рд╣реЛрдХрд░ рд╡рд┐рдХрд╕рд┐рдд рд╣реБрдЖ рд╣реИ. рдЦреБрдж рдЕрдиреБрд░рд╛рдзрд╛ рдЧрд╛рдВрдзреА рднреА рдЙрди рдореБрдЯреНрдареА рднрд░ рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рд╕реЗ рдереАрдВ, рдЬрд┐рдиреНрд╣реЛрдВрдиреЗ рдЬрд╛рддрд┐ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рдкрд░ рдЬрдбрд╝ рд╕рдордЭрджрд╛рд░реА рдХреЗ рдКрдкрд░ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рдХрд░рдирд╛ рд╢реБрд░реВ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛. рдЖрдЦрд┐рд░рдХрд╛рд░ рдЙрдирдХреЗ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓реЛрдВ рдиреЗ рдЗрд╕ рдореБрджреНрджреЗ рдкрд░ рдорд╛-рд▓реЗ-рдорд╛ рдХреА рд╕рдордЭ рдХреЛ рдФрд░ рдзрд╛рд░рджрд╛рд░ рд╣реА рдмрдирд╛рдпрд╛. рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдпрд╣ рд╡рд┐рдбрдВрдмрдирд╛ рд╣реА рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдЬрдм рд╣рдордиреЗ рдЬреЗрдВрдбрд░ рдФрд░ рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдкрд░ рдЙрдирдХреЗ рдХреБрдЫ рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░реЛрдВ рдкрд░ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рдЙрдард╛рдП рддреЛ рдХреБрдЫ рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдиреЗ рдХрд╣рд╛ рдХрд┐ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реА 'рд╕рдлрд╛рдИ'рд╣реЛрдирд╛ рдЬрд░реВрд░реА рд╣реИ.

рдкрд┐рдЫрд▓реЗ рддреАрди рдмрд░рд╕реЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рд╣рдордиреЗ рдмрд╕ рдЗрд╕ рд╕рдорд╕реНрдпрд╛рдЧреНрд░рд╕реНрдд рд╕рдордЭрджрд╛рд░реА рдкрд░ рдПрдХ рдмрд╣рд╕ рдХреА рдорд╛рдВрдЧ рдХреА рд╣реИ. рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдЗрд╕рдХреЗ рдмрджрд▓реЗ рдореЗрдВ рд╣рдордиреЗ рд╕рд┐рд░реНрдл рдФрд░ рд╕рд┐рд░реНрдл рдпрд╣реА рджреЗрдЦрд╛ рдХрд┐ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рдЙрдард╛рдП рдЧрдП рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓реЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдЕрд╡реИрдз рдШреЛрд╖рд┐рдд рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рд╣рдореЗрдВ рдмреЗрдИрдорд╛рди рдХрд░рд╛рд░ рджреЗрдиреЗ рдХреА рдмрд╛рд░-рдмрд╛рд░ рдХреЛрд╢рд┐рд╢реЗрдВ рдХреА рдХрдИрдВ. рд▓рдЧрд╛рддрд╛рд░ рдЗрд╕ рдмреЗрд╢рд░реНрдо рдирд┐рд░рдВрдХреБрд╢рддрд╛ рдХрд╛ рд╕рд╛рдордирд╛ рдХрд░рддреЗ рд╣реБрдП, рдЖрдЦрд┐рд░ рдореЗрдВ рд╣рдо 21 рдирд╡рдВрдмрд░ рдХреЛ рдЕрдкрдирд╛ рдЗрд╕реНрддреАрдлрд╛ рд╕реМрдВрдкрдиреЗ рдкрд░ рдордЬрдмреВрд░ рд╣реБрдП, рд╣рд╛рд▓рд╛рдВрдХрд┐ рд╡рд┐рдбрдВрдмрдирд╛ рдпрд╣ рдереА рдХрд┐ рд╣рдо рд╕рдВрдЧрдарди рдХреА рдПрдХреНрдЬреАрдХреНрдпреВрдЯрд┐рд╡ рдХрдореЗрдЯреА (рдИрд╕реА) рдФрд░ рдЬреЗрдиреЗрд░рд▓ рдмреЙрдбреА рджреЛрдиреЛрдВ рдЬрдЧрд╣реЛрдВ рдкрд░ рдмрд╣реБрдордд рдореЗрдВ рдереЗ. рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рдЗрд╕реНрддреАрдлреЗ рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рдж рдбреАрдПрд╕рдпреВ рдХреА рддрдерд╛рдХрдерд┐рдд рдИрд╕реА рдПрдХ рдЬрд╡рд╛рдм рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рдЖрдИ. рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рдЙрдард╛рдП рдЧрдП рд░рд╛рдЬрдиреАрддрд┐рдХ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓реЛрдВ рдФрд░ рдЖрд▓реЛрдЪрдирд╛рдУрдВ рдкрд░ рдЧреМрд░ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдмрдЬрд╛рдП, рдЙрдореНрдореАрдж рдХреЗ рдореБрддрд╛рдмрд┐рдХ рдЗрд╕ рдЬрд╡рд╛рдм рдореЗрдВ рднрд╛рд░реА рд▓рдлреНрдлрд╛рдЬреА рдФрд░ рддреЛрд╣рдорддреЛрдВ (рд╕реНрд▓реИрдВрдбрд░рд┐рдВрдЧ) рдХреА рднрд░рдорд╛рд░ рд╣реИ. рдЕрдЧрд░ рд╣рдорд╛рд░рд╛ рдЗрд░рд╛рджрд╛ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдХреЛ рдмрдЪрд╛рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдерд╛, рдЬреИрд╕рд╛ рдХрд┐ рдЗрд╕ рдмрдпрд╛рди рдореЗрдВ рджрд╛рд╡рд╛ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЧрдпрд╛ рд╣реИ, рддреЛ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рднрд╛рд░реА рдмрд╣реБрдордд рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рд╕рдВрдЧрдарди рдореЗрдВ рдмрдиреЗ рд░рд╣ рдХрд░ рдРрд╕рд╛ рдХрд░рдирд╛ рдХрд╣реАрдВ рдЖрд╕рд╛рди рдерд╛. рд╣рдордиреЗ рдЗрд╕рд▓рд┐рдП рдЗрд╕реНрддреАрдлрд╛ рджрд┐рдпрд╛, рдХреНрдпреЛрдВрдХрд┐ рд╣рдордиреЗ рдпрд╣ рдорд╣рд╕реВрд╕ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдХрд┐ рдЗрд╕ рд╕рдВрдЧрдарди рдореЗрдВ рд░рд╣рддреЗ рд╣реБрдП рдЗрд╕ рдмрд╣рд╕ рдХреЛ рд░рдЪрдирд╛рддреНрдордХ рд░реВрдк рд╕реЗ рдЖрдЧреЗ рдмрдврд╝рд╛рдиреЗ рдХреА рдХреЛрдИ рдЬрдЧрд╣ рдФрд░ рдЧреБрдВрдЬрд╛рдЗрд╢ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдмрдЪреА рдереА. рд╣рдордиреЗ рдпрд╣ рдкреВрд░реА рддрд░рд╣ рдЬрд╛рдирддреЗ рд╣реБрдП рдЗрд╕реНрддреАрдлрд╛ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдХрд┐ рдРрд╕рд╛ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рдж рд╣рдо рдкрд░ рдШрд┐рдиреМрдиреЗ рдкрд▓рдЯрд╡рд╛рд░ рд╣реЛрдВрдЧреЗ рдФрд░ рдЙрд╕рд╕реЗ рднреА рдШрд┐рдиреМрдиреА рддреЛрд╣рдорддреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рд╣рдорд▓рд╛ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рдПрдЧрд╛. рдФрд░ рдЕрдЧрд░ рдкрд┐рдЫрд▓реЗ рдорд╣реАрдиреЗ рднрд░ рдореЗрдВ рдбреАрдПрд╕рдпреВ рдХреЗ рдХрдерд┐рдд рдИрд╕реА рдФрд░ рдЬрд┐рдореНрдореЗрджрд╛рд░ рдкрджреЛрдВ рдкрд░ рдмреИрдареЗ рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд░рд╡реИрдП рдХреЛ рдЖрдзрд╛рд░ рдорд╛рдирд╛ рдЬрд╛рдП, рддреЛ рдЗрдиреНрд╣реЛрдВрдиреЗ рдЕрд╕рд▓ рдореЗрдВ рд╣рдореЗрдВ рд╕рд╣реА рд╕рд╛рдмрд┐рдд рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рд╣реИ. рдЬреЗрдВрдбрд░ рдФрд░ рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдкрд░ рдХреЛрдИ рднреА рдмрд╣рд╕, рдЬреЛ рдореМрдЬреВрджрд╛ рд╣рд╛рд▓рд╛рдд рдФрд░ рдврд╛рдВрдЪреЗ рдХреЛ рдЬрд╕ рдХрд╛ рддрд╕ рдмрдирд╛рдП рд░рдЦрдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реА рдХрд┐рд╕реА рднреА рдкрд┐рдЫрдбрд╝реА рд╣реБрдИ рд╕рдордЭрджрд╛рд░реА рдкрд░ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рдХрд░реЗ рдФрд░ рдЙрд╕реЗ рдЪреБрдиреМрддреА рджреЗ, рдЙрд╕рдХреЛ рд╣рдореЗрд╢рд╛ рд╣реА рдШрд╕реАрдЯ рдХрд░ рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдкрд░ рд╣рдорд▓реЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рдмрджрд▓ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ. рдФрд░ рдлрд┐рд░ рддреЛрд╣рдорддреЗрдВ, рд╣рдореЗрд╢рд╛ рд╣реА рдЗрд╕ рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛рддреНрдордХ рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдХреА рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рдХреНрд░рд┐рдпрд╛рд╡рд╛рджреА рддрд╛рдХрддреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд╣рд╛рде рдХрд╛ рдРрд╕рд╛ рд╣рдерд┐рдпрд╛рд░ рд░рд╣реА рд╣реИрдВ, рдЬрд┐рд╕реЗ рд╡реЗ рдЦреБрдж рдХреЛ рдЪреБрдиреМрддреА рджреЗрдиреЗ рдФрд░ рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓ рдЙрдард╛рдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдЦрд┐рд▓рд╛рдл рдЗрд╕реНрддреЗрдорд╛рд▓ рдХрд░рддреА рд╣реИрдВ. рдФрд░ рдЗрд╕ рдорд╛рдорд▓реЗ рдореЗрдВ рдпрд╣ рд░рд╡реИрдпрд╛ рдЬреЗрдВрдбрд░ рдФрд░ рдкрд┐рддреГрд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдкрд░ рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рди рдХреА рд╕рд╛рдордВрддреА-рдиреИрддрд┐рдХрддрд╛рд╡рд╛рджреА рд╕рдордЭрджрд╛рд░реА рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рд╕рд╛рдл-рд╕рд╛рдл рдореЗрд▓ рднреА рдЦрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ. рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдпрд╣ рд╢реЛрд░рд╢рд░рд╛рдмрд╛, рднрд╛рд░реА рд▓рдлреНрдлрд╛рдЬреА, рдХрд╛рдирд╛рдлреВрд╕рд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдЕрднрд┐рдпрд╛рди, рддреЛрд╣рдорддреЗрдВ рдФрд░ рдЕрд▓рдЧ-рдЕрд▓рдЧ рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдЪрд░рд┐рддреНрд░ рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рд░реЗ рдореЗрдВ рдХрд╣реА рдЬрд╛ рд░рд╣реА рдмрд╛рддреЗрдВ рдЙрди рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓реЛрдВ рдХреЛ рджрдлрдирд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╕рдХрддреАрдВ, рдЬреЛ рд╣рдордиреЗ рдЙрдард╛рдП рд╣реИрдВ. рдФрд░ рд╣рдо рдЕрднреА рднреА рдпрд╣ рдЙрдореНрдореАрдж рдХрд░рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдХрд┐ рдЖрдЦрд┐рд░ рдореЗрдВ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐рдХрд╛рд░реА рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рди рдЗрди рдЕрд╣рдо рд╕рд╡рд╛рд▓реЛрдВ рдкрд░ рдЧреМрд░ рдХрд░реЗрдЧрд╛, рдЬреЛ рдЗрд╕ рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдХреЗ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐рдХрд╛рд░реА рдмрджрд▓рд╛рд╡ рдФрд░ рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдХреЗ рдЬрдирд╡рд╛рджреАрдХрд░рдг рдХреЗ рдордХрд╕рдж рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рдЗрддрдиреЗ рдХрд░реАрдмреА рд░реВрдк рд╕реЗ рдЬреБрдбрд╝реЗ рд╣реБрдП рд╣реИрдВ рдХрд┐ рдЙрд╕рдХрд╛ рд╣рд┐рд╕реНрд╕рд╛ рд╣реИрдВ.


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рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рдмреЗрд╣рд┐рд╕рд╛рдм рджреЛрд╕реНрдд рдкрдВрдХрдЬ рд╕рд┐рдВрд╣ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рддрдорд╛рдо рдкреНрд░рд┐рдп рд▓реЛрдЧ рдПрдХ рдПрдХ рдХрд░рдХреЗ рдЕрд▓рд╡рд┐рджрд╛ рдХрд╣ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдФрд░ рдЕрдХреЗрд▓реЗ рдореЗрдВ рд╣рдо рдирд┐рд╣рддреНрдерд╛ рдЪрдХреНрд░рд╡реНрдпреВрд╣ рдореЗрдВ рдлрдВрд╕реЗ рд╣реБрдП рд╣реИрдВред1984 рдЪрд╛рдХрдЪреМрдмрдВрдж рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рд╕рд╛рд░реЗ рд╣рдерд┐рдпрд╛рд░ рдЪреВрдХ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВредрд╣рдо рд▓рд╣реВрд▓реБрд╣рд╛рди рд╣реИ рдПрдХрджрдо рдкрдВрдХрдЬ рд╕рд┐рдВрд╣ рдХреА рддрд░рд╣ред

тЙк Previous: рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХреА рдореБрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдореБрдордХрд┐рди рдирд╣реАрдВ рдФрд░ рдХреНрд░рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдорд╣рд┐рд▓рд╛рдУрдВ рдХреА рдореБрдХреНрддрд┐ рдирд╣реАрдВ! рдЬрд╛рддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдЦрд╛рддреНрдореЗ рдХреА рд▓рдбрд╝рд╛рдИ рдХреЛ рднреА рд╡рд░реНрдЧ рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖ рдХрд╛ рд╣реА рд╣рд┐рд╕реНрд╕рд╛ рдорд╛рдирдирд╛ рдЬрд░реВрд░реА рд╣реИ! -рдЕрдирд┐рд░реНрдмрд╛рдг, рдЕрдиреБрднрд╡, рдЖрд╢реНрд╡рдереА, рдЙрдлрдХ, рдЙрдорд░, рдЧреЛрдЧреЛрд▓, рдкреНрд░рд┐рдп рдзрд░реНрд╢рд┐рдиреА, рдмрдиреЛрдЬреНрдпреЛрддреНрд╕рдирд╛, рд░реЗрдпрд╛рдЬ, рд░реБрдмреАрдирд╛, рд╕реНрд░реАрд░реВрдкрд╛
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рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рдмреЗрд╣рд┐рд╕рд╛рдм рджреЛрд╕реНрдд рдкрдВрдХрдЬ рд╕рд┐рдВрд╣ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд░рд╣реЗ

рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рддрдорд╛рдо рдкреНрд░рд┐рдп рд▓реЛрдЧ рдПрдХ рдПрдХ рдХрд░рдХреЗ рдЕрд▓рд╡рд┐рджрд╛ рдХрд╣ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдФрд░ рдЕрдХреЗрд▓реЗ рдореЗрдВ рд╣рдо рдирд┐рд╣рддреНрдерд╛ рдЪрдХреНрд░рд╡реНрдпреВрд╣ рдореЗрдВ рдлрдВрд╕реЗ рд╣реБрдП рд╣реИрдВред1984 рдЪрд╛рдХрдЪреМрдмрдВрдж рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рд╕рд╛рд░реЗ рд╣рдерд┐рдпрд╛рд░ рдЪреВрдХ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВредрд╣рдо рд▓рд╣реВрд▓реБрд╣рд╛рди рд╣реИ рдПрдХрджрдо рдкрдВрдХрдЬ рд╕рд┐рдВрд╣ рдХреА рддрд░рд╣ред
рдкрд▓рд╛рд╢ рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд╡рд╛рд╕

Pankaj Singh singing Mukesh on Nelaabh's 70th birthday

Hindi Kavita : Pankaj Singh : Bachhon Ki Hansi┬а
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wu1nM4OniB4

[Children's Smile]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EB0Chd15Fw4

Hindi Kavita : Jis Din Main Ghar Se Chala Tha : Pankaj Singh
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IDFY_DIIdZI

Hindi Kavita : Narak Me Baarish : Pankaj Singh [Raining in Hell]
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4DwtaGk4w1c

рдкрдВрдХрдЬ рд╕рд┐рд╣ рдмреЗрд╣рдж рд╣реИрдВрдбрд╕рд╛рдо рдереЗредрд╣рдордиреЗ рдЫрд╛рддреНрд░рд╛рд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛ рдореЗрдВ рдЗрд▓рд╛рд╣рд╛рдмрд╛рдж рдФрд░ рдирдИ рджрд┐рд▓реНрд▓реА рдореЗрдВ рдЙрдирдХреЗ рдореИрдЧрдиреЗрдЯрд┐рдХ рдЖрдХрд░реНрд╖рдг рд╡рд┐рдХрд░реНрд╖рдг рдХреЗ рдХрд┐рд╕реНрд╕реЗ рд╕реБрди рд░рдЦреЗ рдереЗредрдЬреЗрдПрдирдпреВ рдХреЗ рдкреЗрд░рд┐рдпрд░ рд╣рд╛рд╕реНрдЯрд▓ рдореЗрдВ рдмреЗрддрд░рддреАрдм рдХрд╡рд┐ рджрд╛рд░реНрд╢рдирд┐рдХ рдЧреЛрд░рдЦ рдкрд╛рдВрдбреЗрдп рдХреЗ рдХрдорд░реЗ рдореЗрдВ рдкрдВрдХрдЬ рд╕рд┐рдВрд╣ рд╕реЗ рдкрд╣рд▓реА рджрдлрд╛ рд╕рд╛рдордирд╛ рд╣реБрдЖ рдмрдЬрд░рд┐рдпреЗ рдЙрдирдХрд╛ рд╕рдЬреЛрд╕рдорд╛рди рдЬреЛ рд╡реЗ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдЧрд░реНрд▓ рдлреНрд░реЗрдВрдб рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рдЬрд░реНрдордиреА рдЬрд╛рдиреЗ рд╕реЗ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рд╡рд╣рд╛рдВ рдЫреЛрдбрд╝ рдЧрдпреЗ рдереЗред

рддрдм рддрдХ рдкрджреНрдорд╛рд╢рд╛ рдЭрд╛ рд╕реЗ рдЙрдирдХрд╛ рдЕрд▓рдЧрд╛рд╡ рд╣реЛ рдЪреБрдХрд╛ рдерд╛ред
рд╡реЗ рдмреАрдмреАрд╕реА рд▓рдВрджрди рдореЗрдВ рднреА рд░рд╣реЗред
рдЖрдЦреЗрд░реЗ рд╡реЗ рдХрд▓реНрдкрддрд░реБ рдПрдХреНрд╕рдкреНрд░реЗрд╕ рдХреЗ рд╕рдВрдкрд╛рджрдХ рднреА рд░рд╣реЗред
рдХрд╡рд┐рддрд╛рдПрдВ рдмрд╣реБрдд рджрд┐рдиреЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рдЙрдирдХреА рдкрдврд╝реА рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИрдВред

рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рдмрдбрд╝реЗ рднрд╛рдИ рд╕рдордХрд╛рд▓реАрди рддреАрд╕рд░реА рджреБрдирд┐рдпрд╛ рдХреЗ рд╕рдВрдкрд╛рджрдХ рдЖрдирдВрджрд╕реНрд╡рд░реБрдк рд╡рд░реНрдорд╛ рдЕрдХреНрд╕рд░ рд╣реА рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЗрдВ рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рдЕрд╕реНрдкрддрд╛рд▓ рджреМрдбрд╝рддреЗ рдкрд╛рдпреЗ рдЬрд╛рддреЗ рдереЗ рдХреНрдпреЛрдВрдХрд┐ рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЗрдВ рдЕрдЬрдм рдмреАрдорд╛рд░реА рдереА,рдирд╛рдХ рд╕реЗ рдЦреВрди рдмрд╣рдиреЗ рдХреАредрдЦреВрди рд░реБрдХрддрд╛ рд╣реА рди рдерд╛ред

рд╡реЗ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рдкрдВрдХрдЬ рджрд╛ рдХреЗ рднреА рджреЛрд╕реНрдд рдереЗред
рди рдЬрд╛рдиреЗ рдХрд┐рддрдиреЗ рджреЛрд╕реНрдд рдереЗ рдЙрдирдХреЗред

рдиреАрд▓рд╛рдн рдФрд░ рдкрдВрдХрдЬ рд╕рд┐рдВрд╣ рдХреА рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рднрд╛,рдЙрдирдХреА рдХрд╡рд┐рддрд╛ рдФрд░ рдЙрдирдХреА рдкрддреНрд░рдХрд╛рд░рд┐рддрд╛ рдХрд╛ рд╣рдо рддрднреА рд╕реЗ рдХрд╛рдпрд▓ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВредрдЬрд┐рдиреНрд╣реЗрдВ рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рд╕рдорд╛рди рддрд╛рд▓ рдкрд░ рд╡рд┐рд╡рд╛рдж рд╣реЛрддреЗ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВрдВред

рдЖрдирдиреНрдж рд╕реНрд╡рд░реБрдк рд╡рд░реНрдорд╛,рдкрдВрдХрдЬ рдмрд┐рд╖реНрдЯ рдпрд╛ рдордВрдЧрд▓реЗрд╢ рдбрдмрд░рд╛рд▓ рдпрд╛ рд╡реАрд░реЗрди рдбрдВрдЧрд▓рд╡рд╛рд▓ рдХреА рддрд░рд╣ рдпреЗ рджреЛрдиреЛрдВ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреА рдирд┐рд░реНрд╡рд┐рд╡рд╛рдж рдирд╣реАрдВ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВред

рдкрдВрдХрдЬ рд╕рд┐рдВрд╣ рддреЛ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рдкреВрд░реНрд╡ рд╕рдВрдкрд╛рджрдХ рдУрдо рдерд╛рдирд╡реА рддрдХ рдХреЗ рдШрдирдШреЛрд░ рдорд┐рддреНрд░ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВред

рдХрд▓ рджрдлреНрддрд░ рдЧрдпреЗ рддреЛ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рдЗрд▓рд╛рд╣рд╛рдмрд╛рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдорд┐рддреНрд░ рд╢реИрд▓реЗрдВрджреНрд░ рдиреЗ рдХрд╣рд╛ рдХрд┐ рдкрдВрдХрдЬ рд╕рд┐рд╣рдВ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд░рд╣реЗ рдФрд░ рд╣рдо рд╕реБрдиреНрди рд░рд╣ рдЧрдпреЗредрдХрд▓ рдХреБрдЫ рд▓рд┐рдЦрд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдЧрдпрд╛ред

рдЖрдЦрд┐рд░реА рджрдлрд╛ рдмрд░рд╕реЛрдВ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рдкрдВрдХрдЬ рд╕рд┐рдВрд╣ рд╕реЗ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реА рдореБрд▓рд╛рдХрд╛рдд рд╣рд┐рдВрджреА рд╕рд╛рд╣рд┐рддреНрдп рдХреЗ рддрдорд╛рдо рджрд┐рдЧреНрдЧрдЬреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рдиреНрдирд┐рдзреНрдп рдореЗрдВ рдирдИ рджрд┐рд▓реНрд▓реА рдЗрдВрдбрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЗрдВрдЯрд░рдиреЗрд╢рдирд▓ рд╕реЗрдВрдЯрд░ рдореЗрдВ рд╣реБрдИ рдЬрд╣рд╛рдВ рдореИрдВ рдзрдбрд╝рд▓реНрд▓реЗ рд╕реЗ рдЧрд░рд┐рдпрд╛ рд░рд╣рд╛ рдерд╛ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рд╕рдВрдкрд╛рджрдХ рдУрдо рдерд╛рдирд╡реА рдХреЛред

рдЬрдм рдореИрдВрдиреЗ рдХрд╣рд╛ рдХрд┐ рд╣рдо рддреЛ рджрд┐рд▓реНрд▓реА рдореЗрдВ рднреА рдЦрд┐рд╕реА рдХреЛ рдкрд┐рдЯ рд╕рдХрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВрдВредрдЧреБрдВрдбреЗ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рдкрд╛рд╕ рднреА рдХреЛрдИ рдХрдо рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИред

рддреЛ рдкрдВрдХрдЬ рд╕рд┐рдВрд╣ рдиреЗ рдкреАрда рдкрд░ рд╣рд╛рде рд░рдЦрдХрд░ рдХрд╣рд╛,рдкреАрдЯрдиреЗ рдХреА рдХреЛрдИ рдЬрд░реБрд░рдд рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рди рдЧрд░рд┐рдпрд╛рдиреЗ рдХреАредрдерд╛рдирд╡реА рдорд┐рддреНрд░ рд╣реИрдВредрд╣рдо рдЙрдирд╕реЗ рдмрддрд┐рдпрд╛ рд▓реЗрдВрдЧреЗредрдпрдХреАрди рд░рдЦреЛ,рд╡реЗ рдЬрдирд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдХреЛ рдЬрдирд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдмрдирд╛рдпреЗ рд░рдЦреЗрдВрдЧреЗред

рдЙрдирдХреЗ рд╣рд╛рдереЛрдВ рдХрд╛ рд╡рд╣ рд╕реНрдкрд░реНрд╢ рдФрд░ рдЙрдирдХреЗ рдмреЛрд▓ рдЕрднреА рдорд╣рд╕реВрд╕ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реВрдВ рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рд╡рд╣ рд╢рдЦреНрд╕рд┐рдпрдд рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рдмреАрдЪ рдЕрдм рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИред

рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рддрдорд╛рдо рдкреНрд░рд┐рдп рд▓реЛрдЧ рдПрдХ рдПрдХ рдХрд░рдХреЗ рдЕрд▓рд╡рд┐рджрд╛ рдХрд╣ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдФрд░ рдЕрдХреЗрд▓реЗ рдореЗрдВ рд╣рдо рдирд┐рд╣рддреНрдерд╛ рдЪрдХреНрд░рд╡реНрдпреВрд╣ рдореЗрдВ рдлрдВрд╕реЗ рд╣реБрдП рд╣реИрдВред

1984 рдЪрд╛рдХрдЪреМрдмрдВрдж рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рд╕рд╛рд░реЗ рд╣рдерд┐рдпрд╛рд░ рдЪреВрдХ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВред

рд╣рдо рд▓рд╣реВрд▓реБрд╣рд╛рди рд╣реИ рдПрдХрджрдо рдкрдВрдХрдЬ рд╕рд┐рдВрд╣ рдХреА рддрд░рд╣ред

рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рдЕрдиреНрдп рдорд┐рддреНрд░ рдЙрджрдп рдкреНрд░рдХрд╛рд╢ рдиреЗ рд▓рд┐рдЦрд╛ рд╣реИрдГ


рдЕрднреА-рдЕрднреА рдпрд╣ рдЕрдкреНрд░рддреНрдпрд╛рд╢рд┐рдд, рд╕реНрддрдмреНрдз рдФрд░ рдЕрд╡рд╕рдиреНрди рдХрд░ рджреЗрдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реА рдЦрдмрд░ рдорд┐рд▓реА рдХрд┐ рдкрдВрдХрдЬ рд╕рд┐рдВрд╣ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд░рд╣реЗ. рдЗрддрдиреА рдЕрд╕рдВрдЦреНрдп рд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐рдпрд╛рдБ рд╣реИрдВ, рдЙрдирдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде ...рд╕рди резрепренрел рд╕реЗ рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рдЗрд╕ рдмреАрддрддреЗ рд╣реБрдП рд╕рд╛рд▓ рддрдХ рдХреА.... рдЕрднреА рдХреБрдЫ рд░реЛреЫ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рд╣реА┬аSurendra Grover┬ардЬреА рдЗрд╕ рдЬрд┐рдж рдореЗрдВ рдереЗ рдХрд┐ рд╣рдо рдПрдХ рд╕рд╛рде рдПрдХ рд╢рд╛рдо рдЧреБрдЬрд╛рд░реЗрдВрдЧреЗ рдФрд░ рдкрдВрдХрдЬ рд╕рд┐рдВрд╣ рд╕реЗ 'рдХрд╣реАрдВ рдмреЗрдЦрдпрд╛рд▓ рд╣реЛ рдХрд░ ...рдореБрдЭреЗ рдЫреВ рд▓рд┐рдпрд╛ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдиреЗ ...' рд╣рдВрд╕реА рд╣рдВрд╕реА рдкрдирд╡рд╛ рдЦрд┐рдпрдЙрд▓реЗ рдмреЗрдЗрдордирд╡рд╛....', 'рдорд╣реБрдЖ рдХреЗ рдЪрд┐рдирдЧреА рджрд╛рдЧреА рд▓ рджрдЧрд╛рдИрдЧреЗ....! " рдФрд░ рдирд╛ рдЬрд╛рдиреЗ рдХрд┐рддрдиреЗ рд╣реА рдЧреАрдд рд╕реБрдиреЗрдВрдЧреЗ, рдЬреЛ рд╡реЗ рдЬреЗрдПрдирдпреВ рдХреЗ рдмреАрддреЗ рд╣реБрдП рджрд┐рдиреЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рдбреВрдм рдХрд░ рдЙрди рдЧреБреЫрд░реА рд╢рд╛рдореЛрдВ┬ардореЗрдВ рдЧрд╛рддреЗ рдереЗ.┬а
рдкреЗрд░рд┐рдпрд╛рд░ рд╣рд╛рд╕реНрдЯрд▓ рдХреЗ рдХрдорд░рд╛ рдирдВрдмрд░ рейрежрел рдореЗрдВ рд╡реЗ рдореЗрд╣рдорд╛рди рдмрди рдХрд░ рд▓рдореНрдмреЗ рдЕрд░рд╕реЗ рддрдХ рд╕рд╛рде рд░рд╣реЗ.┬а
рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖реЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рдереА ...
рд╕рд▓рд╛рдо ! рдбрд╛рдХреНрдЯрд░ ! рднрд░реЗ рд╣реБрдП рджрд┐рд▓ рд╕реЗ рд╕рд▓рд╛рдо рдЖреЩрд┐рд░реА !

рдЙрдиреНрд╣реАрдВ рдХреА рдХрд╡рд┐рддрд╛рдУрдВ рдХреА рдХреБрдЫ рдкрдВрдХреНрддрд┐рдпрд╛рдБ рдЙрдирдХреЗ рд╕рдВрдЧреНрд░рд╣ -'рдЖрд╣рдЯреЗрдВ рдЖрд╕рдкрд╛рд╕' рд╕реЗ :

'рдЪрдЯреНрдЯрд╛рдиреЛрдВ рдкрд░ рджреМреЬ рд╣реИ рд▓рдореНрдмреА
рдФрд░ рджреМреЬрддреЗ рдЬрд╛рдирд╛ рд╣реИ рдЧрд┐рд░ рди рдЬрд╛рдПрдБ рдердХ рдЯреВрдЯрдХрд░┬а
рдЬрдм рддрдХ рдЖреЩрд┐рд░реА рдиреАрдВрдж рдореЗрдВ

рддрдм рднреА рджреМреЬрддреА рд░рд╣реЗрдВрдЧреА рд╣рдорд╛рд░реА рдЫрд╛рдпрд╛рдПрдВ ....'



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Habib Gul Khan┬ард╕рд░ рдмреБрд░рд╛ рдордд рдорд╛рдирдирд╛...рдмрдЯ рдпреЗ рд╕рд┐рдЧрд░реЗрдЯ рдкреАрддреЗ рд╣реБрдП...рдЧрд╛рдпрди рдХрд░рдирд╛ рдЙрдЪрд┐рдд рдирд╣реА рд▓рдЧрд╛...рдЧрд╛рдпрди рдХреЛ рд╕реНрд╡рд░ рд╕рд╛рдзрдирд╛ рдХрд╣рддреЗ рд╣реИ...рдФрд░ рдЗрд╕рдХреЗ рднреА рдПрд╣рддрд░рд╛рдо рд╣реЛрддреЗ рд╣реИ...рдмрд╛рдХрд┐ As u like...рд╕рд░рдХрд╕ рдХрд┐ рджреНрд░рд╖реНрдЯрд┐ рд╕реЗ рджреЗрдЦреЗ рддреЛ рд╕рд┐рдЧрд░реЗрдЯ рдореБрд╣ рдореЗ рд▓реЗ рдХрд░ рдЧрд╛ рдирд╣реА рд╕рдХрддреЗ, рдЖрдк рдЧрд╛ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИ рдпреЗ рдХрд░рддрдм рд╣реИ...рдкрд░ рдЕрджрдм рдХреЗ рджрд╛рдпрд░реЗ рд╕реЗ рдмрд╛рд╣рд░ ред
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Palash Biswas
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Pl see my blogs;


Feel free -- and I request you -- to forward this newsletter to your lists and friends!
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рд▓рд╛рд▓ рдиреАрд▓ рдЭрдВрдбреЗ рдореЗрдВ рдЦрд┐рд▓рд╛ рдЦрд┐рд▓рд╛ рдЪрд╛рдВрдж рдореЗрд╣рдирддрдХрд╢реЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдЦреНрд╡рд╛рдмреЛрдВ,рдЙрдореНрдореАрджреЛрдВ рдХрд╛ ржмрж╛ржВрж▓рж╛ ржмрж╛ржБржЪрж╛рждрзЗ рж╣рж▓рзЗ рждрзГржгржорзВрж▓рзЗ рж╣ржЯрж╛рждрзЗ рж╣ржмрзЗ, ржмрзНрж░рж┐ржЧрзЗржбрзЗрж░ ржоржЮрзНржЪрзЗ ржмрж▓рж▓рзЗржи ржЗрзЯрзЗржЪрзБрж░рж┐

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рд▓рд╛рд▓ рдиреАрд▓ рдЭрдВрдбреЗ рдореЗрдВ рдЦрд┐рд▓рд╛ рдЦрд┐рд▓рд╛ рдЪрд╛рдВрдж рдореЗрд╣рдирддрдХрд╢реЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдЦреНрд╡рд╛рдмреЛрдВ,рдЙрдореНрдореАрджреЛрдВ рдХрд╛

ржмрж╛ржВрж▓рж╛ ржмрж╛ржБржЪрж╛рждрзЗ рж╣рж▓рзЗ рждрзГржгржорзВрж▓рзЗ рж╣ржЯрж╛рждрзЗ рж╣ржмрзЗ, ржмрзНрж░рж┐ржЧрзЗржбрзЗрж░ ржоржЮрзНржЪрзЗ ржмрж▓рж▓рзЗржи ржЗрзЯрзЗржЪрзБрж░рж┐

http://abpananda.abplive.in/video/yechury-attacks-ruling-party-at-cpm-brigade-rally-164096

рдкрд▓рд╛рд╢ рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд╡рд╛рд╕



рд╢рд╛рдпрдж рдмрд╣реБрдд рджрд┐рдиреЛрдВ рдмрд╛рдж рджрд┐рд╡рд╛рд╕реНрд╡рдкреНрди рджреЗрдЦ рд░рд╣рд╛ рдерд╛ рдореИрдВредрдЕрдм рднреА рдЦреНрд╡рд╛рдмреЛрдВ рдХрд╛ рд╡рд╛рд╢рд┐рдВрджрд╛ рд╣реВрдВ рдореБрдХрдореНрдорд▓редрдлрд┐рд░ рдЕрдкрдиреА рдореЗрд╣рдирддрдХрд╢ рдЬрдирддрд╛ рдХреЗ рдЦреНрд╡рд╛рдмреЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рдПрдХрд╛рдХрд╛рд░ рд╣реИрдВ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рдЦреНрд╡рд╛рдм рднреАред


рдЬрдиреНрдордЬрд╛рдд рдмреБрд░реА рдЖрджрдд рд╣реИ,рдореМрдд рддрдХ рдЫреВрдЯреЗрдЧреА рдирд╣реАрдВ рд▓рдЧрддрд╛ рд╣реИред


рд╣реБрдЖ рдпреВрдВ рдХрд┐ рд╕рд╛рдврд╝реЗ рджрд╕ рдмрдЬреЗ рдХреЗ рдХрд░реАрдм рдмрд╛рдВрдХреБрдбрд╝рд╛ рдкреБрд░реБрд▓рд┐рдпрд╛ рд╕реЗ рдПрдХ рд▓рдВрдмрд╛ рд╕рд╛ рдЬреБрд▓реВрд╕ рд╣рд╛рд╡рдбрд╝рд╛ рд╕реНрдЯреЗрд╢рди рдкрд░ рдЯреНрд░реЗрди рд╕реЗ рдирд┐рдХрд▓рдХрд░ рд╕рдбрд╝рдХреЛрдВ рдкрд░ рдЙрддрд░рд╛редрдЬреБрд▓реВрд╕ рдореЗрдВ рд▓рд╛рд▓ рдиреАрд▓ рдЭрдВрдбреЗ рдПрдХрд╛рдХрд╛рд░ рдереЗред


рдФрд░ рдЙрдирдореЗрдВ рдлрд┐рд░ рд╡рд╣реА рдЦрд┐рд▓рд╛ рдЦрд┐рд▓рд╛ рдЪрд╛рдВрдж рдореЗрд╣рдирддрдХрд╢реЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдЦреНрд╡рд╛рдмреЛрдВ рдХрд╛ред


рдЪреВрдВрдХрд┐ рдмрд╣реБрдЬрдиреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд╣рдХрд╣рдХреВрдХ рдХреА рдмрд╛рддреЗрдВ рд╣реЛ рд░рд╣реА рдереАрдВ рдФрд░ рдХреЛрдЯрд╛ рдФрд░ рдЖрд░рдХреНрд╖рдг рд▓рд╛рдЧреВ рди рд╣реЛрдиреЗ рдХреА рдмрд╛рддреЗрдВ рднреА рд╣реЛ рд░рд╣реА рдереАрдВ,рд╣рдореЗрдВ рд▓рдЧрд╛ рдХрд┐ рд╡рд╛рдо рджрд░реНрд╢рди рдореЗрдВ рдХреЛрдИ рдмреБрдирд┐рдпрд╛рджреА рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд░реНрддрди рд╣реЛ рдЧрдпрд╛ред


рдмрд╛рдВрдЧреНрд▓рд╛ рдЪреИрдирд▓ рдиреНрдпреВрдЬ рдЯрд╛рдЗрдо рдореЗрдВ рдпрд╣ рдЬреБрд▓реВрд╕ рд▓рд╛рдЗрд╡ рдерд╛,рдЬрд┐рд╕рдореЗрдВ рдкреНрд▓реЗрдирдо рдХреЗ рд╕рдлреЗрдж рдЭрдВрдбреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рд╕рд╛рде рдиреАрд▓реЗ рдЭрдВрдбреЗ рднреА рд▓рд╣рд░рд╛ рд░рд╣реЗ рдереЗ рд▓рд╛рд▓ рдЖрдВрдзреА рдореЗрдВредрдореБрд╢реНрдХрд┐рд▓ рдпрд╣ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдореЗрд░рд╛ рдкреАрд╕реА рджреВрд╕рд░реЗ рдХрдорд░реЗ рдореЗрдВ рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рд░рд┐рдХрд╛рд░реНрдб рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рд╡реЗрдм рдХреИрдо рдХреЗ рдЕрд▓рд╛рд╡рд╛ рдХреЛрдИ рджреВрд╕рд░рд╛ рдХреИрдорд░рд╛ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рдкрд╛рд╕ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИред


рд╣рдо рддреБрд░рдВрдд рдкреАрд╕реА рдкрд░ рдЬрдордХреЗ рдмрдЗрда рдЧрдпреЗред


рдЙрд╕рд╕реЗ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рдЖрдирдВрдж рддреЗрд▓рддреБрдВрдмрдбрд╝реЗ рдХреЛ рдЦреБрд╕рдЦрдмрд░реА рд╕реБрдирд╛рдпреА рдФрд░ рдХрд╣рд╛ рдХрд┐ рдЯреАрд╡реА рдкрд░ рджреЗрдЦ рд▓реЗрдВ рдХрд┐ рдХреБрдЫ рдЕрднреВрддрдкреВрд░реНрд╡ рд╣реЛ рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИред

рдЬрдпрднреАрдо рдХрд╛рдорд░реЗрдб рдХрд╛ рдирдЬрд╛рд░рд╛ рдкреЗрд╢ рд╣реЛ рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИред


рдЖрдирдВрдж рдиреЗ рдХрд╣рд╛ рдХрд┐ рдЬрд╛рддрд┐ рдЙрдиреНрдореВрд▓рди рдХрд╛ рдлреЛрд░рдо рдмрдирд╛ рд╣реИ рдорд╛рдХрдкрд╛ рдХрд╛ред рдЕрдЧрд░ рдРрд╕рд╛ рд╣реИ рддреЛ рд╕рдВрднрд╡ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдХреБрдЫ рдЕрдЪреНрдЫрд╛ рднреА рд╣реЛред


рдЖрдирдВрдж рдиреЗ рдХрд╣рд╛ рдХрд┐рд╡реИрд╕реЗ рдмрд╣реБрдЬрди рдиреАрд▓реЗ рдЭрдВрдбреЗ рджреЗрдЦрдХрд░ рдореМрдЬ рдореЗрдВ рд╡рд╛рдордкрдХреНрд╖ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рдЖ рдЬрд╛рдпреЗрдВрдЧреЗ ,рдРрд╕реА рдЙрдореНрдореАрдж рднреА рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИред


рд╣рдордиреЗ рдХрд╣рд╛ рдХрд┐ рдЧреЛрд▓рдмрдВрджреА рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рд╣рд╛рдЬ рд╕реЗ рдиреАрд▓ рд▓рд╛рд▓ рдорд┐рд▓рд╛рдк рдХреА рд╢реБрд░реБрдЖрдд рд╕реЗ рд╡реЛрдЯ рд╕рдореАрдХрд░рдг рдореЗрдВ рдлрд░реНрдХ рдирд╛ рднреА рдкрдбрд╝реЗ рддреЛ рдЕрд╕реНрдорд┐рддрд╛рдУрдВ рдФрд░ рдЬрд╛рддрд┐,рдзрд░реНрдо рдореЗрдВрдВ рдмрдВрдЯреЗ рджреЗрд╢ рдореЗрдВ рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд░реНрддрди рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдПрдХ рдлреАрд╕рдж рдмрд╣реБрдЬрдиреЛрдВ рдХрд╛ рднреА рд╡рд░реНрдЧреАрдп рдзреНрд░реВрд╡реАрдХрд░рдг рдХреЗ рддрд╣рдд рдореЗрд╣рдирддрдХрд╢реЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рдЦрдбрд╝рд╛ рд╣реЛ рдЬрд╛рдирд╛ рдЙрдореНрдореАрдж рдХрд╛ рд╕реВрд░рдЬ рдмрдирдХрд░ рджрд╣рдХ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИред


рдкреАрд╕реА рдкрд░ рдмреИрдардХрд░ рд╣рдордиреЗ рд╡реЗрдм рдХреИрдо рд▓рдЧрд╛рдХрд░ рд╣рдордиреЗ рдЯреАрд╡реА рдЪреИрдирд▓реЛрдВ рдХреА рд▓рд╛рдЗрд╡ рд╕реНрдЯреНрд░реАрдо рджрд░реНрдЬ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдмреИрда рдЧрдпреЗ рдФрд░ рд╣рдореЗрдВ рдПрдХреЛ рдЭрдВрдбрд╛ рдиреАрд▓ рдХрд╣реАрдВ рдирд╣реАрдВ рджрд┐рдЦрд╛редрдлреЗрд╕рдмреБрдХ рдкрд░ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рдмрджреНрдз рдХрд╛рдорд░реЗрдб рджрд┐рдирднрд░ рддрд╕реНрд╡реАрд░реЗрдВ рдФрд░ рд╡реАрдбрд┐рдпреЛ рдкреЛрд╕реНрдЯ рдХрд░рддреЗ рд░рд╣реЗред


рдПрдХ рдПрдХ рддрд╕реНрд╡реАрд░ рдЬрд╛рдВрдЪ рд▓реА,рдПрдХ рдПрдХ рд╡реАрдбрд┐рдпреЛ рджреЗрдЦ рд▓рд┐рдпрд╛,рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рд╕реБрдмрд╣ рд╣рдордиреЗ рдЯреАрд╡реА рдкрд░ рдЬреЛ рджреЗрдЦрд╛,рд╡рд╣ рдирдЬрд╛рд░рд╛ рд╕рд┐рд░реЗ рд╕реЗ рдЧрд╛рдпрдм рд╣реА рд░рд╣рд╛ред


рдлрд┐рд░ рдЯреАрд╡реА,рдПрдЬрдВрд╕рд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдФрд░ рд╕рдорд╛рдЪрд╛рд░ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рд╕рд╛рде рдпреВ рдЯреНрдпреВрдм рдФрд░ рдЧреБрдЧрд▓ рдЦрдВрдЧрд╛рд▓ рдбрд╛рд▓реЗ рдФрд░ рдмреНрд░рд┐рдЧреЗрдб рдХреЗ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рднреА рдХреЛрдиреЗ рдореЗрдВ рдХреЛрдИ рдиреАрд▓рд╛ рдЭрдВрдбрд╛ рдирдЬрд░ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдЖрдпрд╛редрдиреАрд▓рд╛ рд░рдВрдЧ рд╕рд┐рд░реЗ рд╕реЗ рдЧрд╛рдпрдмредрд▓рд╛рдкрддрд╛ рдмрд╣реБрдЬрди рд╕рдорд╛рдЬред


рдЬрд╛рд╣рд┐рд░ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реА рдирдЬрд░ рдореЗрдВ рдРрд╕рд╛ рдХреБрдЫ рд╣реБрдЖ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдЕрднреВрддрдкреВрд░реНрд╡ рд╣реЛ рдЧрдпрд╛редрдХреЛрд▓рдХрд╛рддрд╛ рдореЗрдВ рд╣рдо рдкрдЯреНрдЯреАрд╕ рд╕рд╛рд▓реЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рдмреНрд░рд┐рдЧреЗрдб рд░реИрд▓рд┐рдпрд╛рдВ рджреЗрдЦрддреЗ рдЖ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВредрд╡рд╛рдо рд╢рд╛рд╕рдирдХрд╛рд▓ рдореЗрдВ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рдХрд╛рдВрдЧреНрд░реЗрд╕ рдФрд░ рдордорддрд╛ рдмрдирд░реНрдЬреА рдХреА рд░реИрд▓рд┐рдпрд╛рдВ рдмрд╣реБрдд рдмрдбрд╝реА рдмрдбрд╝реА рджреЗрдЦреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рддреЛ рдордорддрд╛рд░рд╛рдЬ рдореЗрдВ рд╡рд╛рдо рд░реИрд▓рд┐рдпрд╛рдВ рднреА рдХрдо рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реБрдИ рд╣реИредрднреАрдбрд╝ рдХреЗ рдорд╛рдорд▓реЗ рдореЗрдВ рдХреЛрдИ рд░реИрд▓реА рдХрд┐рд╕реА рд╕реЗ рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИред


рдлрд┐рдЬрд╛рдВ рдХрд╛рдпрдордд рдХреА рд╣реИредрдореБрдХрдореНрдорд▓ рдХрдпрд╛рдордд рдХреА рдлрд┐рдЬрд╛рдВ рд╣реИред

рдЬрд╛рд░реНрдЬ рдЖрд░рд╡реЗрд▓ рдХрд╛ 1984 рдХрд╛ рдЕрдВрдЬрд╛рдо рдбрд┐рдЬрд┐рдЯрд▓ рдЗрдВрдбрд┐рдпрд╛ рд╣реИред


рдЕрдЦрдмрд╛рд░ рдФрд░ рдореАрдбрд┐рдпрд╛ рдореЗрдВ рдЬрд╛рдкрд╛рдиреА рддреЗрд▓ рд╣реИ,рд╡рд┐рдпрд╛рдЧреНрд░рд╛ рд╣реИ,рд░рд╛рдХреЗрдЯ рдХреИрдкреНрд╕реВрд▓ рд╣реИред

рд╡реИрдХрд▓реНрдкрд┐рдХ рдореАрдбрд┐рдпрд╛ рд╡рдЬреВрдж рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЖрдЦрд┐рд░реА рд╕рд╛рдВрд╕реЗ рдЧрд┐рди рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИред

рдЦреНрд╡рд╛рдмреЛрдВ рдФрд░ рдЙрдореНрдореАрджреЛрдВ рдкрд░ рдХрдбрд╝рд╛ рдкрд╣рд░рд╛ рд╣реИред


рд╣рд░ рдЪрд┐рдирдЧрд╛рд░реА рдЧрд┐рд░рдлреНрддрд╛рд░ рд╣реИред

рд╣рд░ рдЪреАрдЦ рдХрд╛ рдЕрдВрдЬрд╛рдо рдХрд╛ рд░рд╛рд╖реНрдЯреНрд░рджреНрд░реЛрд╣ рд╣реИред


рдЗрд╕реНрд▓рд╛рдорд┐рдХ рд╡рд╛рдЗрд░рд╕ рд╣реИ рдХреЛрдИред


рд░рд╛рдЬрдХрд╛рдЬ рдХреЗ рдЦрд┐рд▓рд╛рдл,рдЕрд╢реНрд╡рдореЗрдз рдХреЗ рдЦрд┐рд▓рд╛рдл,рд╡реИрджрд┐рдХреА рд╣рд┐рдВрд╕рд╛ рдХреЗ рдЦрд┐рд▓рд╛рдл рдЪреВрдВ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рддреЛ рддреБрд░рдВрддреЗ рдЗрд╕реНрд▓рд╛рдорд┐рдХ рд╡рд╛рдЗрд░рд▓ рд╣реИ рдХреНрдпреЛрдВрдХрд┐ рдЗрд╕реНрд▓рд╛рдорд┐рдХ рд╕реНрдЯреЗрдЯ рдХреЗ рдЦрд┐рд▓рд╛рдл рдорд╣рд╛рдЬреБрдз рддреЗрд▓рдЬреБрдз рдЕрд░рдм рд╡рдВрд╕рдд рдЧреЛрд░рдХреНрд╖рд╛ рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рди рдФрд░ рд╕рдиреА рд╕рд╣рд┐рд╖реНрдгреБрддрд╛ рдХрд╛ рдореБрдХрдореНрдорд▓ рдкреЗрд╢рд╡рд╛ рд░рд╛рдЬ рдмрд┐рд░рдВрдЪреА рдмрд╛рдмрд╛ рдХрд╛ рдЬрд▓рд╡рд╛ рдзреБрдВрдЖрдзрд╛рд░ рдкреВрдВрдЬреА рдмрд╣рд╛рд░ рдореБрдХреНрддрдмрд╛рдЬрд╛рд░реА рдзрд░реНрдореЛрдиреНрдорд╛рджреА рд╣рдХреАрдХрддред


рдЬрд┐рдирдиреЗ рдЕрдВрдмреЗрдбрдХрд░ рдЬрдпрдВрддреА рдбрдВрдХреЗ рдХреЗ рдЪреЛрдЯ рдкрд░ рдордирд╛рдпреАредрдЬрд┐рдирдиреЗ рдмрд╛рдмрд╛рд╕рд╛рд╣реЗрдм рдХреЛ рд╡рд┐рд╖реНрдгреБ рднрдЧрд╡рд╛рдиреЛ рдмрдирд╛ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдФрд░ рд╕рдВрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рди рджрд┐рд╡рд╕ рднреА рд░рд╛рдЬрдХреАрдп рд╣реЛ рдЧрдпрд╛,рд╡реЗ рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рд╢рд╛рд╕рди,рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рдЖрдзрд┐рдкрд╛рддреНрдп рдФрд░ рдЧреНрд▓реЛрдмрд▓ рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рдореБрдХреНрдд рдмрд╛рдЬрд╛рд░,рдмрд╛рдЬрд╛рд░рдмрдВрдзреБ рд░рд╛рдЬрдХрд╛рдЬ рдХреЗ рдзрд╛рд░рдХ рд╡рд╛рд╣рдХ рд╣реИрдВред


рд╣рдо рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЗрдВ рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рджрд╣рди рджрд┐рд╡рд╕ рдХреА рдпрд╛рдж рджрд┐рд▓рд╛рддреЗ рд░рд╣реЗ рдЧрдпреЗ рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЛрдВрдиреЗ рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рджрд┐рд╡рд╕ рдордирд╛рдпрд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИред


рд╣рд░ рдХреЛрдИ рдЬрд╛рддрд┐ рдХреЛ рдордЬрдмреВрдд рдмрдирд╛рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдлрд┐рд░рд╛рдХ рдореЗрдВ рд╣реИред

рджрд╛рд╡рд╛ рд╣рд┐рдВрджреВ рд░рд╛рд╖реНрдЯреНрд░ рдХрд╛ рд╣реИред

рджрд╛рд╡рд╛ рд╣рд┐рдВрджреВ рдЧреНрд▓реЛрдм рдХрд╛ рд╣реИред


рд╣рд┐рдВрджреБрдУрдВ рдХреЛ рдЬрд╛рддрд┐ рдФрд░ рдкрд╣рдЪрд╛рди рдХреЗ рддрд╣рдд рд▓рд╛рдЦреЛрдВ рдЯреБрдХрдбрд╝реЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рдмрд╛рдВрдЯрдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдореБрдХрдореНрдорд▓ рдЗрдВрддрдЬрд╛рдо рд╣реИ рдпрд╣ рд╣рд┐рдВрджреВ рд░рд╛рд╖реНрдЯреНрд░ред


рд╣рдо рд╕реЛрдЪ рд░рд╣реЗ рдереЗ рдХрд┐ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рдХрд╛рдорд░реЗрдб рдХрдо рд╕реЗ рдХрдо рдЬрд╛рддрд┐ рддреЛрдбрд╝рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд╣рдХ рдореЗрдВ рд╣реЛрдВрдЧреЗ рдХреНрдпреЛрдВрдХрд┐ рдЬрд╛рддрд┐ рддреЛрдбрд╝реЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рд╡рд░реНрдЧреАрдп рдзреНрд░реВрд╡реАрдХрд░рдг рд╣реЛ рд╣реА рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣реЗ рдЖрдк рд╣рдЬрд╛рд░ рддрд░реАрдХреЗ рд╕реЗ рдЬрд╛рддрд┐ рдмрдЬреНрдЬрд╛рддрд┐,рдзрд░реНрдо рдЕрдзрд░реНрдо рдзреНрд░реВрд╡реАрдХрд░рдг, рд╕рд╛рдВрдкреНрд░рджрд╛рдпрд┐рдХ рд░рд╛рдЬрдиреАрддрд┐ рдФрд░ рдзрд░реНрдо рдХреЗ рдХрд┐рд▓рд╛рдл рд░реЛрд╡реЗ рдпрд╛ рдЪрд┐рд▓реНрд▓рд╛рдпреЗред


рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рджрд┐рд╡рдВрдЧрдд рдорд┐рддреНрд░ рддреНрд░рд┐рдкреБрд░рд╛ рдХреЗ рд╡рд╛рдо рдордВрддреНрд░реА рдФрд░ рджрд▓рд┐рдд рдХрд╡рд┐ рдЕрдирд┐рд▓ рд╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░ рддрдЬрд┐рдВрджрдЧреА рд╡рд╛рдордкрдХреНрд╖ рдХреА рдЬрдореАрди рдкрд░ рдЕрдВрд╣рдмреЗрдбрдХрд░реА рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рди рдФрд░ рдЕрдВрдмреЗрдбрдХрд░ рдорд┐рд╢рди рдЪрд▓рд╛рддреЗ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВред


рддреЛ рдпрджрд╛ рдХрджрд╛ рдХрд╛рдорд░реЗрдб рдкреНрд░рдХрд╛рд╢ рдХрд╛рд░рдд,рдХрд╛рдорд░реЗрдб рд╡реГрдВрджрд╛ рдХрд╛рд░рдд,рдХрд╛рдорд░реЗрдб рд╕реАрддрд╛рд░рд╛рдо рдпреЗрдЪреБрд░реА,рдХрд╛рдорд░реЗрдб рд╡рд┐рдорд╛рди рдмрд╕реБ рднреА рд▓рд╛рд▓ рдиреАрд▓ рдПрдХреАрдХрд░рдг рдХреЗ рддрд╣рдд рдорд╛рдХрдкрд╛ рдХреЗ рджрд▓рд┐рдд рдПрдЬрдВрдбреЗ рдкрд░ рдмрд╛рдд рднреА рдХрд░рддреЗ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВред


рдЗрд╕реА рд╕рд┐рд▓рд╕рд┐рд▓реЗ рдореЗрдВ рдЕрд░рд╕рд╛ рдмреАрддрд╛ рд╣реИрджрд░рд╛рдмрд╛рдж рдХрд╛рдВрдЧреНрд░реЗрд╕ рдореЗрдВ рджрд▓рд┐рдд рдПрдЬрдВрдбрд╛ рдкрд╛рд╕ рднреА рд╣реБрдЖ рдФрд░ рдордЬрд╛ рдпрд╣ рдХрд┐ рдЗрд╕ рдПрдЬрдВрдбрд╛ рдХреЛ рд▓рд╛рдЧреВ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдмрдЬрд╛рдп рдкрд╛рд░реНрдпреА рдореЗрдВ рд╣рд░ рд╕реНрддрд░ рдкрд░ рдмрд╣реБрдЬрдиреЛрдВ рдХрд╛ рдмрд╣рд┐рд╕реНрдХрд╛рд░ рдХрд╛ рд╕рд┐рд▓рд╕рд┐рд▓рд╛ рддреЗрдЬ рд╣реИред


рдХреЛрд▓рдХрд╛рддрд╛ рдЦреБрд▓реНрд▓рд╛ рд╕рдореНрдореЗрд▓рди рдореЗрдВ рдХрд╛рдорд░реЗрдб рдЗрд╕ рдкрд░ рд╕реЛрдЪреЗрдВ рдЬрд░реБрд░ рдХреНрдпреЛрдВрдХрд┐ рдзрд░реНрдореЛрдиреНрдорд╛рджреА рдзреНрд░реВрд╡реАрдХрд░рдг рдХреЗ рддрд╣рдд, рдореЛрджреА рджреАрджреА рдЕрдШреЛрд╖рд┐рдд рд░рдгрдиреАрддрд┐рдХ рдЧрдардЬреЛрдбрд╝ рдХреЗ рддрд╣рдд рд╡рд╛рдордкрдХреНрд╖ рдХреЗ рдкрд╛рд╕ рди рдХреИрдбрд░рдмреЗрд╕ рд╣реИ,рди рд╡реЗ рдЕрдкрд░рд╛рдЬреЗрдп рдХрд┐рд▓реЗ рд╣реИрдВ,рди рд╕рдВрдЧрдарди рдФрд░ рди рдХреЛрдИ рд╡реЛрдЯ рдмреИрдВрдХред


рд░рд╛рдЬрдиреАрддрд┐рдХ рд╕рд╛рдореАрдХрд░рдг ┬ард╕реЗ рд╣рд╛рд▓рд╛рдд рдХреИрд╕реЗ рдмрджрд▓рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ,рд╣рдо рднреА рджреЗрдЦреЗрдВрдЧреЗред


рдмрд╣рд░рд╣рд╛рд▓ рдорд╛рдХрдкрд╛ рдкреНрд▓реЗрдирдо рд╕реЗ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рд╕реАрддрд╛рд░рд╛рдо рдпреЗрдЪреБрд░реА рдиреЗ рдмрд╣реБрдЬрдиреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рд╢рд╛рдорд┐рд▓ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рд░реЗ рдореЗрдВ рдХреБрдЫ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдмрддрд╛рдпрд╛ рддреЛ рдХрд╛рдВрдЧреНрд░реЗрд╕ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рдЪреБрдирд╛рд╡реА рдЧрдардмрдВрдзрди рд╕реЗ рдЗрдВрдХрд╛рд░ рднреА рдирд╣реАрдВ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рд╣реИред


рдЬрд╛рд╣рд┐рд░ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рд╕рд╛рдорд╛рдЬрд┐рдХ рдЗрдВрдЬреАрдирд┐рдпрд░рд┐рдВрдЧ рдХреЗ рдмрдЬрд╛рдп рд░рд╛рдЬрдиреИрддрд┐рдХ рд╕рдореАрдХрд░рдг рдореЗрдВ рд╡рд╛рдордкрдХреНрд╖ рдХрд╛ рдзреНрдпрд╛рди рдХреЗрдВрджреНрд░рд┐рдд рд╣реИред


рдЪреВрдВрдХрд┐ рд╡рд╛рдо рдиреЗрддреГрддреНрд╡ рднреА рдорд╛рди рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдЕрдХреЗрд▓реЗ рд╡рд╛рдордкрдХреНрд╖ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рдкрдХреНрд╖ рддреГрдгрдореВрд▓ рдХрд╛рдВрдЧреНрд░реЗрд╕ рдХрд╛ рдореБрдХрд╛рдмрд▓рд╛ рдХрд░рдирд╛ рдФрд░ рдореБрдХрд╛рдмрд▓рд╛ рдЬреАрдд рд▓реЗрдирд╛ рджреЛрдиреЛрдВ рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдорд╕рд▓рд╛ рд╣реИред


рдХреИрдбрд░рдмреЗрд╕ рдХрд╛ рдЬреЛ рдмрд┐рдЦрд░рд╛рд╡ рд╣реБрдЖ рд╣реИ,рдЙрд╕реЗ рдирдпреЗ рд╕рд┐рд░реЗ рд╕реЗ рд░рдЪрдирд╛ рдХрдорд╕рдХрдо рд╕рд░ рдкрд░ рддрд▓рд╡рд╛рд░ рдХреА рдзрд╛рд░ рдХреА рддрд░рд╣ рд▓рдЯрдХ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рдирд╕рднрд╛ рдЪреБрдирд╛рд╡реЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рд╕рдВрднрд╡ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИ рдЬрдмрдХрд┐ рдордорддрд╛ рдФрд░ рдореЛрджреА рдХрд╛ рд╕рд╛рд░рд╛ рдЬреЛрд░ рдзрд╛рд░реНрдорд┐рдХ рдзреНрд░реВрд╡реАрдХрд░рдг рдкрд░ рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рдмрд╛рдХреА рджреЗрд╢ рдХреА рддрд░рд╣ рдмрдВрдЧрд╛рд▓ рднреА рдордЬрд╣рдмреА рд╕рд┐рдпрд╛рд╕рдд рдХреЗ рд╢рд┐рдХрдВрдЬреЗ рдореЗрдВ рд╣реИрдВред


рд╢рд╛рд░рджрд╛ рдлрд░реНрдЬреАрд╡рд╛рдбрд╝рд╛ рд░рдлрд╛ рджрдлрд╛ рд╣реИ рддреЛ рд╕реАрдмреАрдЖрдИ рднреА рдЕрдм рдЙрд╕реАрддрд░рд╣ рдирд┐рд░рдкреЗрдХреНрд╖ рд╣реИ рдЬреИрд╕реЗ рдХрд╛рдиреВрди рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛ рдФрд░ рд╕рд╣рд┐рд╖реНрдгреБрддрд╛ рдХрд╛ рд╕рд╛рдорд╛рдЬрд┐рдХ рдпрдерд╛рд░реНрде рдХрд╛ рд╢реЗрдпрд░ рдмрд╛рдЬрд╛рд░ рд╣реИредрдХреЛрдИ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдХреЗ рдкреНрд░рддрд┐ рдЬрд╡рд╛рдмрджреЗрд╣ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИред


рдореБрд╢реНрдХрд┐рд▓ рдпрд╣ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдмрдВрдЧрд╛рд▓ рдХреЗ рдХрд╛рдВрдЧреНрд░реЗрд╕реА рд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рдпрдХреЛрдВ рд╕рд╛рдВрд╕рджреЛрдВ рдХрд╛ рдЭреБрдХрд╛рд╡ рдирд┐рд╢реНрдЪрд┐рдд рдЬреАрдд рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рджреАрджреА рдХреА рдЪрд░рдг рдзреВрд▓рд┐ рдореЗрдВ рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рд╡рд╛рдордкрдХреНрд╖ рд╕реЗ рдХреЛрдИ рд╕рдордЭреМрддрд╛ рдХреЗ рддрд╣рдд рдХрд╛рдВрдЧреНрд░реЗрд╕ рд╕рд╛рдЗрди рдмреЛрд░реНрдб рдмрди рдЬрд╛рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдЬреЛрдЦрд┐рдо рдЙрдард╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ред


рдорд╛рди рд▓реЗрдВ рдХрд┐ рдХрд╛рдВрдЧреНрд░реЗрд╕ рд╡рд╛рдордкрдХреНрд╖ рд╕реЗ рдмрдВрдЧрд╛рд▓ рдореЗрдВ рд╕рдордЭреМрддрд╛ рдХрд░ рд▓реЗрдВ рддреЛ рдХреЗрд░рд▓ рдореЗрдВ рднреА рдЪреБрдирд╛рд╡ рд╕рд╛рдордиреЗ рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рд╡рд╣рд╛рдВ рд╡рд╛рдо рдФрд░ рдХрд╛рдВрдЧреНрд░реЗрд╕ рд╕реАрдзреЗ рдореБрдХрд╛рдмрд▓реЗ рдореЗрдВ рд╣реИ рддреЛ рддреАрд╕рд░реА рддрд╛рдХрдд рдХреЗ рдмрддреМрд░ рдХреЗрд╕рд░рд┐рдпрд╛ рд╕реБрдирд╛рдореА рдХреА рднреА рдХрд╡рд╛рдпрдж рдЬреЛрд░реЛрдВ рдкрд░ рд╣реИредрдмрдВрдЧрд╛рд▓ рдХреЗ рдЪреБрдирд╛рд╡ рд╕рдореАрдХрд░рдг рдХреЗ рдХрд╛рдВрдЧреНрд░реЗрд╕ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рдЧрдардмрдВрдзрди рдХреЗрд░рд▓ рдореЗрдВ рдХрд┐рддрдирд╛ рдлрд╛рдпрджрд╛рдордВрдж рд╣реЛрдЧрд╛,рдХрд╛рдорд░реЗрдб рдпрд╣ рднреА рд╕реЛрдЪ рд▓реЗрдВред


рд╕рд╛рдорд╛рдЬрд┐рдХ рдпрдерд╛рд░реНрде рдХреЗ рдорджреНрджреЗрдирдЬрд░ рдЬрд╛рддрд┐ рдХреЗ рддрд┐рд▓рд┐рд╕реНрдо рдХреЛ рддреЛрдбрд╝рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдЕрд▓рд╛рд╡рд╛ рд╡рд░реНрдЧреАрдп рдзреНрд░реВрд╡реАрдХрд░рдг рдпрд╛ рдЙрд╕рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЕрдирд┐рд╡рд╛рд░реНрдп рд╡рд░реНрдЧрд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖ рдХреА рдХреЛрдИ рдЧреБрдВрдЬрд╛рдЗрд╢ рд╣реИ рд╣реА рдирд╣реАрдВред


рдлрд┐рд░ рд╕рд╛рдорд╛рдЬрд┐рдХ рд╢рдХреНрддрд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдЧреЛрд▓рдмрдВрдж рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреА рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдЪреБрдиреМрддреА рд╣реИредрдЬрд┐рд╕рдореЗрдВ рдЕрд╣рдо рдЖрдзреА рдЖрдмрд╛рджреА рд╣реИред


рд╕реНрддреНрд░реА рдореБрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛,рдЬрд╛рддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдЦрд╛рддреНрдореЗ рдХреА рд▓рдбрд╝рд╛рдИ рдХреЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ рд░рд╛рдЬ рдореЗрдВ рдЧреБрд▓рд╛рдореА рдХреА рдЬрдВрдЬреАрд░реЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рдмрдВрдзреА рдЬрд╛рддрд┐,рдзрд░реНрдо рдФрд░ рдкрд╣рдЪрд╛рди рдХреЗ рджрд╛рдпрд░реЗ рдореЗрдВ рдХреИрдж рд╕реНрддреНрд░реА рдЗрд╕ рд╡реНрд░рдЧрд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖ рдореЗрдВ рд╢рд╛рдорд┐рд▓ рд╣реЛрдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдмрдЬрд╛рдп рдЬреИрд╕реЗ рдмрд╣реБрдЬрди рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдХреЗрд╕рд░рд┐рдпрд╛ рдкреИрджрд▓ рдлреМрдЬ рд╣реИ,рд╡реИрд╕реЗ рд╣реА рд╕реНрддреНрд░реА рд╢рдХреНрддрд┐ рдлрд┐рд░ рджреБрд░реНрдЧрд╛рд╡рд╛рд╣рд┐рдиреА рд╣реИред


рд╕рд╛рдорд╛рдЬрд┐рдХ рд╢рдХреНрддрд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдЧреЛрд▓рдмрдВрдж рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдФрд░ рд▓рд╛рд▓ рдиреАрд▓ рдореЗрд╣рдирддрдХрд╢реЛрдВ рдХреА рдПрдХрддрд╛ рдФрд░ рдореЛрд░реНрдЪрд╛рдмрдВрджреА рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЗрдВ рд╕рдореБрдЪрд┐рдд рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рдирд┐рдзрд┐рддреНрд╡ рд╕рдВрдЧрдарди рдФрд░ рдиреЗрддреГрддреНрд╡ рдореЗрдВ рдмрд░рд╛рдмрд░ рджреЗрдиреЗ рд╣реЛрдВрдЧреЗред


рддреГрдгрдореВрд▓ рд╕реНрддрд░ рдкрд░ рдпрд╣ рдорд╛рдВрдЧ рдмрд╛рд░ рдмрд╛рд░ рдЙрдарддреА рджреАрдЦ рд░рд╣реА рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рдХреНрд░рд┐рдпрд╛ рдореЗрдВ рдЖрд╡рд╛рдЬ рдЙрдард╛рдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЛрдВ рдХрд╛ рдмрд╣рд┐рд╕реНрдХрд╛рд░ рдХрд╛ рд╕рд┐рд▓рд╕рд┐рд▓рд╛ рдЬрд╛рд░реА рд╣реИредрд╡рд░рдирд╛ рдмрджрд▓рд╛рд╡ рдХреЗ рдЦреНрд╡рд╛рдмреЛрдВ рдХреА рдЬрдореАрди рди рдЬрд╛рдиреЗ рдХрдм рд╕реЗ рдкрдХ рд░рд╣реА рд╣реИред


рдирддреАрдЬрддрди рддрдорд╛рдо рд╕рд╛рд╛рдорд╛рдЬрд┐рдХ рд╢рдХреНрддрд┐рдпрд╛рдВ рдЕрдм рдХреЗрд╕рд░рд┐рдпрд╛ рдХреЗрд╕рд░рд┐рдпрд╛ рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рдереАрдо рд╕рд╛рдВрдЧ рдЧреЗрд░реБрдЖ рд╣реИредрддреЛ рдиреАрдЪреЗ рд╕реЗ рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рдКрдкрд░ рддрдХ рдкрд╛рд░реНрдЯреА рд╕рдВрдЧрдарди рдХрд╛ рд╣рд╛рд▓ рдЕрдирдВрдд рдмрд┐рдЦрд░рд╛рд╡ рд╣реИред


рд╕рд╛рдВрдкреНрд░рджрд╛рдпрд┐рдХ рд╢рдХреНрддрд┐рдпреЛрдВ,рдлрд╛рд╕реАрд╡рд╛рджреА рддрд╛рдХрддреЛрдВ рдФрд░ рдЧреНрд▓реЛрдмреАрд░рдг рдХреЗ рддрд╣рдд рджреЗрд╕ рдореЗрдВ рдЧрд╣рд░рд╛рдИ рддрдХ рдкреИрдареА рдкреВрдВрдЬреА рдФрд░ рдмрд╛рдЬрд╛рд░ рдХреЗ рджреЗрд╢реА рд╡рд┐рджреЗрд╢реА рддрд╛рдХрддреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдЦрд┐рд▓рд╛рдл рдордВрдбрд▓ рдмрдирд╛рдо рдХрдордВрдбрд▓ рдорд╣рд╛рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХреЗ рдХреБрд░реБрдХреНрд╖реЗрддреНрд░ рдореЗрдВ рд╡рд╛рдордкрдХреНрд╖ рдХрд╣рд╛рдВ рд╣реИ,рдЗрд╕рдХрд╛ рдЕрддрд╛ рдкрддрд╛ рд╣рдореЗрдВ рддреЛ рдорд╛рд▓реВрдо рдирд╣реАрдВ рдкрдбрд╝рд╛ рд╣реИред


рдХрд╛рдорд░реЗрдб рд╣рдореЗрд╢рд╛ рдЦреВрди рдЙрдмрд╛рд▓рдиреЗ рд▓рд╛рдпрдХ рднрд╛рд╖рдг рджреЗрдиреЗ рд▓рд╛рдпрдХ рд╡рдХреНрддрд╛ рдФрд░ рдкрдВрдбрд┐рдд рджреЛрдиреЛрдВ рд╣реИрдВ,рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░рдзрд╛рд░рд╛ рдХреЛ рдпрдерд╛рд░реНрде рдХреЗ рдкрд░рд┐рдкреНрд░реЗрдХреНрд╖реНрдп рдореЗрдВ рдЕрдорд▓реА рдЬрд╛рдорд╛ рдкрд╣рдирд╛рдирд╛ рдХреЛрдИ рд╕рддреНрддрд╛ рджрдЦрд▓ рдХреА рд▓рдбрд╝рд╛рдИ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИред


рдЗрд╕ рд╕рд┐рд▓рд╕рд┐рд▓реЗ рдореЗрдВ рд▓рд╛рд▓ рдЦреЗрдорд╛ рднреА рдЧрдЧрди рдШрдЯрд╛ рдЧрд╣рд░рд╛рдиреА рдХреЗрд╕рд░рд┐рдпрд╛ рдХреЗрд╕рд░рд┐рдпрд╛ рд╕реБрдирд╛рдореА рдореЗрдВ рдареАрдХ рд╡рд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИ ,рдЬрд╣рд╛рдВ рдиреАрд▓реЗ рдЭрдВрдбреЗрд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ рд▓реЛрдЧ рд╣реИрдВред


рджреЛрдиреЛрдВ рдкрдХреНрд╖ рдорд┐рд▓рдХрд░ рд╕рд░реНрд╡рд╣рд╛рд░рд╛ рдкрдХреНрд╖ рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рджреЛрдиреЛрдВ рдкрдХреНрд╖ рдЗрд╕ рд╣рдХреАрдХрдд рд╕реЗ рдЙрд╕реА рддрд░рд╣ рдореБрдВрдВрд╣ рдореЛрдб рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдЬреИрд╕реЗ рдкреНрд░реЗрдордХрд╣рд╛рдирд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рдЕрдХреНрд╕рд░ рд╣реЛрддрд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдПрдХ рджреВрд╕рд░реЗ рд╕реЗ рдмреЗрдЗрдВрддрд╣рд╛ рдореБрд╣рдмреНрдмрдд рд╣реИ,рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдХреЛрдИ рдЖрдЧреЗ рдмрдврд╝рдХрд░ рдХрд╣рддрд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдореБрд╣рдмреНрдмрдд рд╣реИредрдореБрд╣рдмреНрдмрдд рд╣реИред



#рж╕рж╛рждрж╛рж╢ржмрж╛рж░рзЛржкрзНрж░рждрж┐ржЬрзНржЮрж╛ржХрж░рзЛ

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https://www.facebook.com/SatheCpim/videos/687880418013331/?theater

https://www.facebook.com/654961687894055/videos/996275993762621/?theater



ржмрзНрж░рж┐ржЧрзЗржбрзЗ ржХрзЛржи ржирзЗрждрж╛ ржХрзА ржмрж▓рж▓рзЗржи, ржПржХ ржиржЬрж░рзЗ

ржУрзЯрзЗржм ржбрзЗрж╕рзНржХ: рж╕рж╛ржорзНржкрзНрж░ржжрж╛рзЯрж┐ржХрждрж╛ ржЗрж╕рзНржпрзБрждрзЗ ржорзЛржжрзА-ржоржорждрж╛ржХрзЗ ржПржХрж╕ржЩрзНржЧрзЗ ржмрж┐ржБржзрж▓рзЗржи рж╕рж┐ржкрж┐ржПржо ржирзЗрждрж╛ ржмрж┐ржорж╛ржи ржмрж╕рзБред рждрж╛ржБрж░ ржоржирзНрждржмрзНржп, ржжрж╛ржжрж╛ржнрж╛ржЗ-ржжрж┐ржжрж┐ржнрж╛ржЗ ржПржХрж╕ржЩрзНржЧрзЗ ржорж╛ржирзБрж╖рзЗрж░ ржоржзрзНржпрзЗ ржмрж┐ржнрзЗржж рждрзИрж░рж┐рж░ ржЪрзЗрж╖рзНржЯрж╛ ржХрж░ржЫрзЗржиред ржПржмрж╛рж░ ржЖрж░ ржнрзЛржЯ рж▓рзБржа ржХрж░рзЗ ржЬрзЗрждрж╛ ржпрж╛ржмрзЗ ржирж╛ред ржмрзНрж░рж┐ржЧрзЗржбрзЗрж░ ржорж╝ржЮрзНржЪ ржерзЗржХрзЗ ржХржбрж╝рж╛ ржмрж╛рж░рзНрждрж╛ рж╕рж┐ржкрж┐ржПржо ржирзЗрждрзНрж░рзА ржмрзГржирзНржжрж╛ ржХрж╛рж░рж╛ржЯрзЗрж░ред рждрж╛ржБрж░ ржЪрзНржпрж╛рж▓рзЗржЮрзНржЬ, ржПржмрж╛рж░ рждрзГржгржорзВрж▓ ржкрж░рж╛ржЬрж┐ржд рж╣ржмрзЗржЗред рж░рж╛ржЬрзНржпрзЗрж░ ржЖржЗржирж╢рзГржЩрзНржЦрж▓рж╛ ржирж┐рзЯрзЗ рждрзГржгржорзВрж▓ рж╕рж░ржХрж╛рж░ржХрзЗ ржмрж┐ржБржзрж▓рзЗржи рж╕рж┐ржкрж┐ржПржо ржирзЗрждрзНрж░рзА ржмрзГржирзНржжрж╛ ржХрж╛рж░рж╛ржЯред рждрж╛ржБрж░ ржоржирзНрждржмрзНржп, ржкрж╛рж▓рж╛ржмржжрж▓рзЗрж░ ржкрж░ ржирж╛рж░рзА ржирж┐рж░рзНржпрж╛рждржирзЗ рж░рж╛ржЬрзНржпрзЗрж░ рж╕рзНржерж╛ржи ржПржХ ржиржорзНржмрж░рзЗред рж╢рзБржзрзБ ржмрж╛ржо ржоржирж╕рзНржХрж░рж╛ржЗ ржиржи,рждрзГржгржорзВрж▓рзЗрж░ ржмрж┐ржмрзЗржХржмрж╛ржиржжрзЗрж░ржУ ржжрж▓рзЗ ржЯрж╛ржирждрзЗ рж╣ржмрзЗред ржмрзНрж░рж┐ржЧрзЗржбрзЗрж░ ржоржЮрзНржЪ ржерзЗржХрзЗ ржмрж╛рж░рзНрждрж╛ рждрзНрж░рж┐ржкрзБрж░рж╛рж░ ржорзБржЦрзНржпржоржирзНрждрзНрж░рзА ржорж╛ржирж┐ржХ рж╕рж░ржХрж╛рж░рзЗрж░ред ржЪрж┐ржЯржлрж╛ржирзНржб ржерзЗржХрзЗ рж╕рж╛ржорзНржкрзНрж░ржжрж╛рзЯрж┐ржХрждрж╛ рж╕ржм ржЗрж╕рзНржпрзБрждрзЗржЗ ржоржорждрж╛ ржмржирзНржжрзНржпрзЛржкрж╛ржзрзНржпрж╛рзЯржХрзЗ ржирж┐рж╢рж╛ржирж╛ ржХрж░рж▓рзЗржи рж╕рж┐ржкрж┐ржПржо ржирзЗрждрж╛ ржорж╣ржГ рж╕рзЗрж▓рж┐ржоред рждрж╛ржБрж░ ржоржирзНрждржмрзНржп, ржЪрж┐ржЯржлрж╛ржирзНржбрзЗрж░ ржЯрж╛ржХрж╛ рж▓рзБржа ржХрж░рзЗржЫрзЗ рждрзГржгржорзВрж▓ ржХржВржЧрзНрж░рзЗрж╕ред ржЖрж░ ржжрж┐рж▓рзНрж▓рж┐рждрзЗ ржорзЛржжрзАржнрж╛ржЗрзЯрзЗрж░ ржжрзНржмрж╛рж░рж╕рзНрже рж╣ржЪрзНржЫрзЗ ржоржорждрж╛редржЖржжрждрзЗ рждрзГржгржорзВрж▓-ржмрж┐ржЬрзЗржкрж┐ ржЬрзЯрзЗржирзНржЯ ржнрзЗржЮрзНржЪрж╛рж░ ржЪрж▓ржЫрзЗред рж╢ржХрзНрждрж┐ ржкрзНрж░ржжрж░рзНрж╢ржи ржХрж░рждрзЗ ржирзЯред рждрзГржгржорзВрж▓рзЗрж░ ржЬрж╣рзНрж▓рж╛ржж ржмрж╛рж╣рж┐ржирзАржХрзЗ ржЪрзНржпрж╛рж▓рзЗржЮрзНржЬ ржЬрж╛ржирж╛рждрзЗржЗ ржЖржЬржХрзЗрж░ ржмрзНрж░рж┐ржЧрзЗржб рж╕ржорж╛ржмрзЗрж╢ред ржмрзНрж░рж┐ржЧрзЗржбрзЗрж░ ржоржЮрзНржЪ ржерзЗржХрзЗ ржЪрзНржпрж╛рж▓рзЗржЮрзНржЬ ржЫрзБржБржбрж╝рж▓рзЗржи рж╕рж┐ржкрж┐ржПржо ржирзЗрждрж╛ ржорж╣ржГ рж╕рзЗрж▓рж┐ржоред

http://zeenews.india.com/bengali/kolkata/biman-selim-brinda-manik-says_134762.html



# ржЖржоржЬржирждрж╛рж░ ржЧрж╛ржи ред

'ржЖржорж╛ржжрзЗрж░ ржжрж┐ржи ржХрзЗржЯрзЗ ржпрж╛ржпрж╝ рж╕рж╛ржзрж╛рж░ржг ржнрж╛рждржХрж╛ржкржбрж╝рзЗ'тАФ ржЬржпрж╝ ржЧрзЛрж╕рзНржмрж╛ржорзАрж░ ржПржЗ ржкрзБрж░ржирзЛ рж▓рж╛ржЗржиржЯрж╛ ржорж╛ржерж╛ржпрж╝ ржШрзЛрж░рзЗред ржХрзЗржи, рждрж╛ ржЬрж╛ржирж╛ ржирзЗржЗред

www.ebela.in

тАк#тАОaamjanataтАмтАк#тАОaamjanatargaanтАмтАк#тАОebelaтАмтАк#тАОebelargaanтАмтАк#тАОamiamarmotoтАм



Today CPM's Brigade meeting, people gathered from different parts of Bengal

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=APhkDpwcKMA

CPM supporters at Shyambazar going to Brigade

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QZf5YuqDDTE

ржжрж┐рж▓рзНрж▓рж┐рждрзЗ ржжрж┐ржжрж┐рж░ рж╕рзБрж░ рж░ржВ ржжрзЗ ржорзЛрж╣рзЗ ржЧрзЗрж░рзБрзЯрж╛: рж╕рзЗрж▓рж┐ржо

ржХрж▓ржХрж╛рждрж╛: рж░ржмрж┐рж░рж╛рж░ ржмрзНрж░рж┐ржЧрзЗржбрзЗрж░ рж╕ржнрж╛ржоржЮрзНржЪрзЗ ржжрж╛ржБржбрж╝рж┐ржпрж╝рзЗ ржХрзЗржирзНржжрзНрж░-рж░рж╛ржЬрзНржпржХрзЗ рждрзАржмрзНрж░ ржЖржХрзНрж░ржоржг рж╢рж╛ржирж╛рж▓рзЗржи рж╕рж┐ржкрж┐ржПржо ржирзЗрждрж╛ ржорж╣ржорзНржоржж рж╕рзЗрж▓рж┐ржорз╖ ржПржжрж┐ржи рждрж┐ржирж┐ рж░рж╛ржЬрзНржпрзЗ рж╕рж╛рж░ржжрж╛ржХрж╛ржгрзНржб ржирж┐ржпрж╝рзЗ рждрзГржгржорзВрж▓ ржирзЗрждрзГржХрзЗ ржХржбрж╝рж╛ ржнрж╛рж╖рж╛ржпрж╝ ржЖржХрзНрж░ржоржг ржХрж░рзЗржирз╖ ржмрж▓рзЗржи, ''рж░рж╛ржЬрзНржпрзЗ ржЪрж┐ржЯржлрж╛ржирзНржбрзЗрж░ ржЯрж╛ржХрж╛ рж▓рзБржЯ ржХрж░рзЗржЫрзЗ рждрзГржгржорзВрж▓рз╖ ржЧрж░рж┐ржм ржорж╛ржирзБрж╖рзЗрж░ ржЯрж╛ржХрж╛ ржлрж┐рж░рж┐ржпрж╝рзЗ ржжрж┐рждрзЗ ржмрзНржпрж░рзНрже рждрзГржгржорзВрж▓ рж╕рж░ржХрж╛рж░рз╖''тАж

KOLKATA24X7| LATEST NEWS HEADLINES, CURRENT LIVE BREAKING NEWS FROM INDIA & WORLD



ржмрзНрж░рж┐ржЧрзЗржб рж╕ржорж╛ржмрзЗрж╢рзЗ ржпрзЛржЧ ржжрж┐рждрзЗ рж╕рж┐ржкрж┐ржПржо рж╕ржорж░рзНржержХржжрзЗрж░ ржнрж┐ржбрж╝

http://abpananda.abplive.in/video/people-from-different-parts-of-the-state-going-to-brigade-163935


CPM to hold Plenum in Kolkata from Nov 27th to 31st | 10TV

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SftPVoWY1dA


рж╕рж┐ржкрж┐ ржЖржЗ(ржПржо) ржХрзЛрж▓ржХрж╛рждрж╛ ржкрзНрж▓рзЗржирж╛ржорзЗрж░ ржкрзВрж░рзНржмрзЗ-

ржкрж╛рж░рзНржЯрж┐рж░ ржХрзЗржирзНржжрзНрж░рзАрзЯ ржХржорж┐ржЯрж┐рж░ рж╕ржнрж╛ -

рж╕ржнрж╛ ржЪрзВрзЬрж╛ржирзНржд ржкрзНрж░рж╕рзНрждрзБрждрж┐рж░ ред




ржЖржорж░рж╛ ржЧрзЬрждрзЗ ржЪрж╛ржЗ ----------

ржЕрж╖рзНржЯржо ржмрж╛ржоржлрзНрж░ржгрзНржЯ рж╕рж░ржХрж╛рж░редред

ржЖрж╕рзБржи, рж╕ржХрж▓рзЗ рж╕ржорзНржорж┐рж▓рж┐ржд ржнрж╛ржмрзЗ рж╕рзЗржЗ рж▓ржХрзНрж╖рзНржпрзЗржЗ ржкрже ржЪрж▓рж┐редред

рж▓рж╛рж▓ рж╕рзЗрж▓рж╛ржо......редред


рдорд╛рдХрдкрд╛ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рдВрдЧрдардирд┐рдХ рдврд╛рдБрдЪреЗ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рдордиреЗ рд╕рдмрд╕реЗ рдмрдбрд╝реА рдЪреБрдиреМрддреА рд╡реИрдЪрд╛рд░рд┐рдХ рд╣реИ,рдЗрд╕ рд╕рдордп рдЬреЛ рд╕рджрд╕реНрдп рд╣реИрдВ рдЙрдирдореЗрдВ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рдВрд╢ рдХреЛ рдорд╛рд░реНрдХреНрд╕рд╡рд╛рдж рдХрд╛ рдХ рдЦ рдЧ рддрдХ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдЖрддрд╛редрдпрд╣ рд╕реНрдерд┐рддрд┐ рдЬрд┐рддрдиреА рдЬрд▓реНрдж рдЦрддреНрдо рд╣реЛ рдЙрддрдирд╛ рд╣реА рдЕрдЪреНрдЫрд╛ рд╣реИред рднрд╛рд░рдд рдореЗрдВ рд╕рд╛рдорд╛рдЬрд┐рдХ рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд░реНрддрди рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЕрдЪреНрдЫреЗ рдкрдврд╛рдХреВ рдФрд░ рдЕрдЪреНрдЫреЗ рд▓рдбрд╝рд╛рдХреВ рдХреЙрдорд░реЗрдбреЛрдВ рдХреА рдЬрд░реБрд░рдд рд╣реИред рд▓рдЯреНрда рдХреЙрдорд░реЗрдбреЛрдВ рдХреА рдирд╣реАрдВредрд╡рд┐рдЧрдд рджреЛ рджрд╢рдХреЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рдкрд╢реНрдЪрд┐рдо рдмрдВрдЧрд╛рд▓ рдореЗрдВ рд╣рдордиреЗ рдХреЙрдорд░реЗрдбреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдЬреНрдЮрд╛рди рдХреЗ рд╕реНрддрд░ рдореЗрдВ рдЬреЛ рдХреНрд╖рдп рджреЗрдЦрд╛ рд╣реИ рд╡рд╣ рдЕрдХрд▓реНрдкрдиреАрдп рд╣реИред рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рдВрд╢ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдорд╛рдХрдкрд╛ рдПрдХ рдХреИрд░рд┐рдпрд░ рд╕рдВрдЧрдарди рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИредрдорд╛рдХрдкрд╛ рдФрд░ рдЙрд╕рдХреЗ рдЬрдирд╕рдВрдЧрдарди рдХреИрд░рд┐рдпрд░ рдкреНрд░рдореЛрд╢рди рд╕реНрдХреАрдо рдХрд╛ рдЕрдВрдЧ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИред рд░рд╛рдЬрдиреАрддрд┐рдХрдЪреЗрддрдирд╛ рдХреА рдмрдЬрд╛рдп рдХреИрд░рд┐рдпрд░рдЪреЗрддрдирд╛ рдкрд░ рдХреЙрдорд░реЗрдбреЛрдВ рдиреЗ рдХрд╛рдо рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рдЙрди рд╕рднреА рдХреЛ рдкрд╛рд░реНрдЯреА рдиреЗрддреГрддреНрд╡ рдиреЗ рдкрд╛рд▓рд╛-рдкреЛрд╕рд╛ рд╣реИ рдЬреЛ рдХреИрд░рд┐рдпрд░ рдХреЗ рд░реБрдк рдореЗрдВ рдкрд╛рд░реНрдЯреА рдореЗрдВ рд╢рд╛рдорд┐рд▓ рд╣реБрдП,рд╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░реАрддрдВрддреНрд░ рдХреА рдорд▓рд╛рдИ рдЦрд╛рдИ,рдРрд╕реЗ рд╣реА рдХреЙрдорд░реЗрдбреЛрдВ рдиреЗ рд╕рдВрдЧрдарди рдХреЛ рд╕рдмрд╕реЗ рдЬреНрдпрд╛рджрд╛ рдХреНрд╖рддрд┐рдЧреНрд░рд╕реНрдд рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рд╣реИред рдЗрд╕реЗ рд▓реЗрдирд┐рди рдХреА рднрд╛рд╖рд╛ рдореЗрдВ рд░рд╛рдЬрдиреАрддрд┐рдХ рдЕрд╡рд╕рд░рд╡рд╛рдж рдХрд╣рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВред рд░рд╛рдЬрдиреАрддрд┐рдХ рдЕрд╡рд╕рд░рд╡рд╛рдж рдХрд┐рд╕реА рднреА рдХрдореНрдпреБрдирд┐рд╕реНрдЯрдкрд╛рд░реНрдЯреА рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЬрд╣рд░ рд╣реИред

рдирдпрд╛ рдЬрдорд╛рдирд╛: рдорд╛рдХрдкрд╛ рдХреЗ рдкрд╛рд░реНрдЯреА рдкреНрд▓реЗрдирдо рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рдордиреЗ рдкреНрд░рдореБрдЦ рдЪреБрдиреМрддрд┐рдпрд╛рдВ

рдЬрдЧрджреАрд╢реНтАНрд╡рд░ рдЪрддреБрд░реНрд╡реЗрджреАред рдХрд▓рдХрддреНтАНрддрд╛ рд╡рд┐тАНрд╢реНтАНрд╡рд╡рд┐тАНрджреНрдпрд╛рд▓рдп рдХреЗ рд╣рд┐тАНрдиреНтАНрджреА рд╡рд┐тАНрднрд╛рдЧ рдореЗрдВ рдкреНрд░реЛрдлреЗрд╕рд░ред рдкрддрд╛- jcramram@gmail.com

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#CPM#BrigademeetingржЖржЬ рж╕рж┐ржкрж┐ржПржорзЗрж░ ржмрзНрж░рж┐ржЧрзЗржб рж╕ржорж╛ржмрзЗрж╢, ржЬрзЛржЯ рж╕ржорзНржнрж╛ржмржирж╛ ржЙрж╕рзНржХрзЗ ржХржВржЧрзНрж░рзЗрж╕рзЗрж░ ржкрзНрж░рждрж┐ ржиржоржирзАрзЯ рж╣ржУрзЯрж╛рж░ ржмрж╛рж░рзНрждрж╛ рж╢рзАрж░рзНрж╖ ржирзЗрждрж╛ржжрзЗрж░ ржЕржнрж┐ржпрзЛржЧ http://abpananda.abplive.in/kolkata-news/cpm-brigade-meeting-163921

рж░рж╛ржЬрзНржпрзЗ ржнрзЛржЯрзЗ ржмрж╛ржо-ржХржВржЧрзНрж░рзЗрж╕ рж╕ржоржЭрзЛрждрж╛рж░ рж░рж╛рж╕рзНрждрж╛ ржЦрзЛрж▓рж╛ рж░рж╛ржЦрж▓рзЗржи ржЗрзЯрзЗржЪрзБрж░рж┐рж░

http://zeenews.india.com/bengali/kolkata/left-congress-vote-negotiation_134753.html

ржЖржЗржи ржЕржорж╛ржирзНржпрзЗрж░ ржоржд ржЕрж╢рж╛ржирзНрждрж┐ ржПрзЬрж╛рждрзЗ, ржмрзНрж░рж┐ржЧрзЗржбрзЗ рж▓рж╛ржЗржн ржлрзБржЯрзЗржЬ ржоржирж┐ржЯрж░рж┐ржВ ржмрзНржпржмрж╕рзНржерж╛ ржкрзБрж▓рж┐рж╕рзЗрж░

http://zeenews.india.com/bengali/kolkata/police-protection_134755.html

рж╢рж╣рж░рзЗрж░ рж░рж╛ржЬржкрже рж▓рж╛рж▓ ржЭрж╛ржгрзНржбрж╛рж░ ржжржЦрж▓рзЗ, рзпржЯрж┐ рж░рзБржЯ ржжрж┐рзЯрзЗ ржмрзНрж░рж┐ржЧрзЗржбрзЗ ржЖрж╕ржЫрзЗ ржорж┐ржЫрж┐рж▓

http://zeenews.india.com/bengali/kolkata/left-brigade-rally-route_134754.html


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Priyoj Dey


рж╕ржирзНрждрзНрж░рж╛рж╕ ржХржмрж▓рж┐ржд ржЕржЮрзНржЪрж▓рзЗрж░ ржмрж╣рзБ ржорж╛ржирзБрж╖ ржЖржЬ рж▓рзБржХрж┐ржпрж╝рзЗ ржЪрзБрж░рж┐ржпрж╝рзЗ ржПрж╕рзЗржЫрзЗржи | ржЖржЬ ржПржЗ ржлрзЗрж╕ржмрзБржХрзЗрж░ ржЬрзБржЧрзЗ ржЕрждрж┐ ржЙрзОрж╕рж╛рж╣рзЗ ржХрзЗржЙ ржЕржЪрзЗржирж╛ ржорж╛ржирзБрж╖ ржПрж░ ржЫржмрж┐ ржкрзЛрж╖рзНржЯ ржХрж░ржмрзЗржи ржирж╛ | ржоржирзЗ рж░рж╛ржЦрзБржи ржЖржЬ рждрж┐ржирж┐ ржЖржкржирж╛рж░ ржкрж╛рж╢рзЗ , ржЖржЧрж╛ржорзА ржжрж┐ржирзЗржУ рждрж╛ржХрзЗ ржЖрж╕рж╛рж░ рж╕рзБржпрзЛржЧ ржХрж░рзЗ ржжрзЗржмрж╛рж░ ржжрж╛ржпрж╝рж┐рждрзНржм ржЖржкржирж╛рж░ | ржжрзВрж░ ржерзЗржХрзЗ ржнрзАржбрж╝ ржПрж░ ржЫржмрж┐ ржжрж┐ржи |

ржПржХржЯрж┐ рж╕рж╛ржерзА ржмржирзНржзрзБрж░ ржЬрзАржмржи ржпрж╛рждрзЗ ржХрзНрж╖рждрж┐ржЧрзНрж░рж╕рзНрже ржирж╛ рж╣ржпрж╝ рждрж╛ ржжрзЗржЦрж╛рж░ ржжрж╛ржпрж╝рж┐рждрзНржм ржЖржкржирж╛рж░ржЗ ..

ржнрзЛрж░рзЗрж░ ржмрзНрж░рж┐ржЧрзЗржб ржПрж░ ржЪрзЗржирж╛ ржЫржмрж┐ред




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